1419. Minimum Number of Frogs Croaking

该编程解决方案通过构建哈希表,分析给定的Frogs序列(如croak),确保字符遵循特定规律(有k必有a,有a必有o),并处理异常情况,计算最少的青蛙叫声次数。
  • 找规律
  • 从后向前思考,有 k 时必须有 a,有 a 时前面必须有 o,并且一一对应
  • 由此构建哈希表,比如出现 k,则出现 a 的次数减一,k 则加一
  • 处理 c 的起始情况
  • 异常情况的判断:若出现 roak中的一个,前面没有与之对应的前一个字符,则返回-1;
  • 最后返回值为 k 的个数,前提是此时哈希表中其他字符计数为0
class Solution {
public:
    int minNumberOfFrogs(string croakOfFrogs) {
        string s = "croak";
        unordered_map<char, int> index; // 每个字符与下标映射
        for(int i = 0; i < s.size(); i++)
            index[s[i]] = i;
        vector<int> hash(s.size());
        for(int i = 0; i < croakOfFrogs.size(); i++)
        {
            if(croakOfFrogs[i] == s[0])
            {
                if(hash[s.size() - 1] != 0)
                    hash[s.size() - 1]--;
                hash[0]++;
            }
            else
            {
                if(hash[index[croakOfFrogs[i]] - 1] == 0)
                    return -1;
                hash[index[croakOfFrogs[i]] - 1]--;
                hash[index[croakOfFrogs[i]]]++;

            }
        }
        for(int i = 0; i < s.size() - 1; i++)
        {
            if(hash[i] != 0)
                return -1;
        }
        return hash[s.size() - 1];
    }
};
A player wants to press the direction buttons as little as possible so that both frogs arrive at the destination to finish the game. Find the minimum number of times the player pressed the buttons to finish the game. If the frog or green frog cannot arrive at the destination, output -1. [Figure] For example, let's look at the case where a grid with six rows and six columns is given. The frog is located at (6, 1), the green frog is located at (1, 6), and the destination is (2, 3) as shown in the [Figure]. Walls are marked with #. First, the frog arrives at the destination first by moving eight times as shown on the left side of the [Figure], and the green frog moves to the opposite direction at the same time and is located at (6, 4). Next, as shown on the right side of the [Figure], when the green frog arrives at the destination by moving it five times, you pressed the buttons 13 times for both frogs to arrive at the destination. This is the minimum number of times you press the buttons. [Constraints] 1. N and M are integers from 2 to 40. 2. R1, R2, and R3 are integers from 1 to N. 3. C1, C2, and R3 are integers from 1 to M. 4. Both frogs cannot be at the same location while they are moving. 5. Walls are not the start and destination of both frogs, and the start positions of the two frogs are not their destinations. [Input] First, the number T of test cases is given, followed by T test cases. On the first line of each test case, N and M are given, separated by spaces. On the next line, R1, C1, R2, C2, R3, and C3 are given in the order, separated by spaces. Over the next N lines, a string of length M is given..” represents a position in the grid to which both frogs can move, and “#” represents a wall. [Output] Output one line per test case. For each test case, output “#x” (where x is the number of the test case, starting from 1), leave a space, and then output the answer of the relevant test case. [Example of Input and Output] (Input) 1 6 6 6 1 1 6 2 3 ....#. .#..#. .#..#. .#..#. .#.##. .#....
09-16
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