The C Library Reference Guide

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最新推荐文章于 2025-04-06 12:44:58 发布

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分类专栏： C/C++Learning Notes 文章标签： reference library c variables constants pointers

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本文档全面介绍了C语言的基础语法和标准库使用方法，包括字符、标识符、注释、变量等基本概念，以及数学函数、输入输出操作等实用功能。

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The C Library Reference Guide

by Eric Huss
© Copyright 1997 Eric Huss

Release 1

Introduction

1.   Language
     1.1  Characters
          1.1.1     Trigraph Characters
          1.1.2     Escape Sequences
          1.1.3     Comments
     1.2  Identifiers
          1.2.1     Keywords
          1.2.2     Variables
          1.2.3     Enumerated Tags
          1.2.4     Arrays
          1.2.5     Structures and Unions
          1.2.6     Constants
          1.2.7     Strings
          1.2.8     sizeof Keyword
     1.3  Functions
          1.3.1     Definition
          1.3.2     Program Startup
     1.4  References
          1.4.1     Pointers and the Address Operator
          1.4.2     Typecasting
     1.5  Operators
          1.5.1     Postfix
          1.5.2     Unary and Prefix
          1.5.3     Normal
          1.5.4     Boolean
          1.5.5     Assignment
          1.5.6     Precedence
     1.6  Statements
          1.6.1     if
          1.6.2     switch
          1.6.3     while  
          1.6.4     do
          1.6.5     for
          1.6.6     goto
          1.6.7     continue
          1.6.8     break
          1.6.9     return
     1.7  Preprocessing Directives
          1.7.1     #if, #elif, #else, #endif
          1.7.2     #define, #undef, #ifdef, #ifndef
          1.7.3     #include
          1.7.4     #line
          1.7.5     #error
          1.7.6     #pragma
          1.7.7     Predefined Macros
2.   Library
     2.1  assert.h
          2.1.1     assert
     2.2  ctype.h
          2.2.1     is... Functions
          2.2.2     to... Functions
     2.3  errno.h 
          2.3.1     EDOM
          2.3.2     ERANGE
          2.3.3     errno   
     2.4  float.h
          2.4.1     Defined Values
     2.5  limits.h
          2.5.1     Defined Values
     2.6  locale.h
          2.6.1     Variables and Definitions
          2.6.2     setlocale
          2.6.3     localeconv
     2.7  math.h
          2.7.1     Error Conditions
          2.7.2     Trigonometric Functions
               2.7.2.1   acos
               2.7.2.2   asin
               2.7.2.3   atan
               2.7.2.4   atan2
               2.7.2.5   cos
               2.7.2.6   cosh
               2.7.2.7   sin
               2.7.2.8   sinh
               2.7.2.9   tan
               2.7.2.10  tanh
          2.7.3     Exponential, Logarithmic, and Power Functions
               2.7.3.1   exp
               2.7.3.2   frexp
               2.7.3.3   ldexp
               2.7.3.4   log
               2.7.3.5   log10
               2.7.3.6   modf
               2.7.3.7   pow
               2.7.3.8   sqrt
          2.7.4     Other Math Functions
               2.7.4.1   ceil
               2.7.4.2   fabs
               2.7.4.3   floor
               2.7.4.4   fmod
     2.8  setjmp.h
          2.8.1     Variables and Definitions
          2.8.2     setjmp
          2.8.3     longjmp
     2.9  signal.h
          2.9.1     Variables and Definitions
          2.9.2     signal
          2.9.3     raise
     2.10 stdarg.h
          2.10.1    Variables and Definitions
          2.10.2    va_start
          2.10.3    va_arg
          2.10.4    va_end
     2.11 stddef.h
          2.11.1    Variables and Definitions
     2.12 stdio.h
          2.12.1    Variables and Definitions
          2.12.2    Streams and Files
          2.12.3    File Functions
               2.12.3.1  clearerr
               2.12.3.2  fclose
               2.12.3.3  feof
               2.12.3.4  ferror
               2.12.3.5  fflush
               2.12.3.6  fgetpos
               2.12.3.7  fopen
               2.12.3.8  fread
               2.12.3.9  freopen
               2.12.3.10 fseek
               2.12.3.11 fsetpos
               2.12.3.12 ftell
               2.12.3.13 fwrite
               2.12.3.14 remove
               2.12.3.15 rename
               2.12.3.16 rewind
               2.12.3.17 setbuf
               2.12.3.18 setvbuf
               2.12.3.19 tmpfile
               2.12.3.20 tmpnam
          2.12.4    Formatted I/O Functions
               2.12.4.1  ...printf Functions
               2.12.4.2  ...scanf Functions
          2.12.5    Character I/O Functions
               2.12.5.1  fgetc
               2.12.5.2  fgets
               2.12.5.3  fputc
               2.12.5.4  fputs
               2.12.5.5  getc
               2.12.5.6  getchar
               2.12.5.7  gets
               2.12.5.8  putc
               2.12.5.9  putchar
               2.12.5.10 puts
               2.12.5.11 ungetc
          2.12.7    Error Functions
               2.12.7.1  perror
     2.13 stdlib.h
          2.13.1    Variables and Definitions
          2.13.2    String Functions
               2.13.2.1  atof
               2.13.2.2  atoi
               2.13.2.3  atol
               2.13.2.4  strtod
               2.13.2.5  strtol
               2.13.2.6  strtoul
          2.13.3    Memory Functions
               2.13.3.1  calloc
               2.13.3.2  free
               2.13.3.3  malloc
               2.13.3.4  realloc
          2.13.4    Environment Functions
               2.13.4.1  abort
               2.13.4.2  atexit
               2.13.4.3  exit
               2.13.4.4  getenv
               2.13.4.5  system
          2.13.5    Searching and Sorting Functions
               2.13.5.1  bsearch
               2.13.5.2  qsort
          2.13.6    Math Functions  
               2.13.6.1  abs
               2.13.6.2  div
               2.13.6.3  labs
               2.13.6.4  ldiv
               2.13.6.5  rand
               2.13.6.6  srand
          2.13.7    Multibyte Functions
               2.13.7.1  mblen
               2.13.7.2  mbstowcs
               2.13.7.3  mbtowc
               2.13.7.4  wcstombs
               2.13.7.5  wctomb
     2.14 string.h
          2.14.1    Variables and Definitions
          2.14.2    memchr
          2.14.3    memcmp
          2.14.4    memcpy
          2.14.5    memmove
          2.14.6    memset
          2.14.7    strcat
          2.14.8    strncat
          2.14.9    strchr
          2.14.10   strcmp
          2.14.11   strncmp
          2.14.12   strcoll
          2.14.13   strcpy
          2.14.14   strncpy
          2.14.15   strcspn
          2.14.16   strerror
          2.14.17   strlen
          2.14.18   strpbrk
          2.14.19   strrchr
          2.14.20   strspn
          2.14.21   strstr
          2.14.22   strtok
          2.14.23   strxfrm
     2.15 time.h 
          2.15.1    Variables and Definitions
          2.15.2    asctime
          2.15.3    clock
          2.15.4    ctime
          2.15.5    difftime
          2.15.6    gmtime
          2.15.7    localtime
          2.15.8    mktime
          2.15.9    strftime
          2.15.10   time
Appendix A
	ASCII Chart
Index
	Index