FreeRTOS源码分析-异常处理

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本文详细介绍了在 ARM Cortex-M 系列处理器上实现的任务调度机制，包括 SVC 处理器服务例程、首次任务启动过程、挂起服务例程处理以及系统滴答定时器中断处理等内容。这些内容对于理解实时操作系统如何在该系列处理器上运行至关重要。

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__asm void vPortSVCHandler( void )
{
	PRESERVE8

	ldr	r3, =pxCurrentTCB	/* Restore the context. */
	ldr r1, [r3]			/* Use pxCurrentTCBConst to get the pxCurrentTCB address. */
	ldr r0, [r1]			/* The first item in pxCurrentTCB is the task top of stack. */
	ldmia r0!, {r4-r11}		/* Pop the registers that are not automatically saved on exception entry and the critical nesting count. */
	msr psp, r0				/* Restore the task stack pointer. */
	mov r0, #0
	msr	basepri, r0
	orr r14, #0xd
	bx r14
}
/*-----------------------------------------------------------*/

__asm void prvStartFirstTask( void )
{
	PRESERVE8

	/* Use the NVIC offset register to locate the stack. */
	ldr r0, =0xE000ED08
	ldr r0, [r0]
	ldr r0, [r0]
	/* Set the msp back to the start of the stack. */
	msr msp, r0
	/* Globally enable interrupts. */
	cpsie i
	/* Call SVC to start the first task. */
	svc 0
	nop
}
__asm void xPortPendSVHandler( void )
{
	extern uxCriticalNesting;
	extern pxCurrentTCB;
	extern vTaskSwitchContext;

	PRESERVE8

	mrs r0, psp

	ldr	r3, =pxCurrentTCB		/* Get the location of the current TCB. */
	ldr	r2, [r3]

	stmdb r0!, {r4-r11}			/* Save the remaining registers. */
	str r0, [r2]				/* Save the new top of stack into the first member of the TCB. */

	stmdb sp!, {r3, r14}
	mov r0, #configMAX_SYSCALL_INTERRUPT_PRIORITY
	msr basepri, r0
	bl vTaskSwitchContext
	mov r0, #0
	msr basepri, r0
	ldmia sp!, {r3, r14}

	ldr r1, [r3]
	ldr r0, [r1]				/* The first item in pxCurrentTCB is the task top of stack. */
	ldmia r0!, {r4-r11}			/* Pop the registers and the critical nesting count. */
	msr psp, r0
	bx r14
	nop
}

void xPortSysTickHandler( void )
{
	/* The SysTick runs at the lowest interrupt priority, so when this interrupt
	executes all interrupts must be unmasked.  There is therefore no need to
	save and then restore the interrupt mask value as its value is already
	known. */
	( void ) portSET_INTERRUPT_MASK_FROM_ISR();
	{
		/* Increment the RTOS tick. */
		if( xTaskIncrementTick() != pdFALSE )
		{
			/* A context switch is required.  Context switching is performed in
			the PendSV interrupt.  Pend the PendSV interrupt. */
			portNVIC_INT_CTRL_REG = portNVIC_PENDSVSET_BIT;
		}
	}
	portCLEAR_INTERRUPT_MASK_FROM_ISR( 0 );
}

                AREA    RESET, DATA, READONLY
                EXPORT  __Vectors

__Vectors       DCD     __initial_sp              ; Top of Stack
                DCD     Reset_Handler             ; Reset Handler
                DCD     NMI_Handler               ; NMI Handler
                DCD     HardFault_Handler         ; Hard Fault Handler
                DCD     MemManage_Handler         ; MPU Fault Handler
                DCD     BusFault_Handler          ; Bus Fault Handler
                DCD     UsageFault_Handler        ; Usage Fault Handler
                DCD     0                         ; Reserved
                DCD     0                         ; Reserved
                DCD     0                         ; Reserved
                DCD     0                         ; Reserved
                DCD     vPortSVCHandler           ; SVCall Handler
                DCD     DebugMon_Handler          ; Debug Monitor Handler
                DCD     0                         ; Reserved
                DCD     xPortPendSVHandler        ; PendSV Handler
                DCD     xPortSysTickHandler       ; SysTick Handler