Android三种常用的设计模式

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本文介绍了三种设计模式的应用案例：Builder模式用于灵活构造复杂对象；Strategy模式根据类型执行不同策略；Clone模式实现对象复制。

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1.builder模式通过建造内部类来完成链式设计

package com.example.administrator.shejimoshi;

/**
 * Created by Administrator on 2017/5/30 0030.
 * 这是一个builer模式
 */
public class Person {

    private String name;
    private String age;
    private String height;
    private String score;

    private Person(Builder builder){
            this.age=builder.age;
        this.name=builder.name;
        this.height=builder.height;
        this.score=builder.score;
    }

   static class Builder{
      private String name;
      private String age;
      private String height;
      private String score;


      public Builder Name(String name) {
          this.name = name;
          return this;
      }

      public Builder Age(String age) {
          this.age = age;
          return this;
      }

      public Builder Height(String height) {
          this.height = height;
          return this;
      }

      public Builder Score(String score) {
          this.score = score;
          return this;
      }

        public Person build(){
            return new Person(this);
        }
  }
}

在代码中可以这样建造person对象：

       Person.Builder builder=new Person.Builder();
        Person person=builder.Age("12")
                .Height("175")
                .Name("wang")
                .Score("100")
                .build();

2.策略模式：

根据不同类型建造不同对象执行不同方法：

package com.example.administrator.shejimoshi;

import android.util.Log;

/**
 * Created by Administrator on 2017/5/30 0030.
 * 这是一个策略模式
 */
public class Person2 {

    enum MEN{
        TEACHER,STUDENT,WOMEN;
    }
        private  MEN men;
    public Person2(MEN men) {
        this.men=men;
    }


    public  void study(){
        switch (men){
            case TEACHER:
                Log.e( "study: ","teacher" );
                break;
            case STUDENT:
                Log.e( "study: ","student" );
                break;
            case WOMEN:
                Log.e( "study: ","women" );
                break;
        }
    }
}

代码中可以这样使用：

  Person2 person21=new Person2(Person2.MEN.STUDENT);
        person21.study();
        Person2 person22=new Person2(Person2.MEN.WOMEN);
        person22.study();
        Person2 person23=new Person2(Person2.MEN.TEACHER);
        person23.study();

log可看出不同值执行了不同的方法：

05-30 22:33:47.471 25836-25836/com.example.administrator.shejimoshi E/study:: student
05-30 22:33:47.471 25836-25836/com.example.administrator.shejimoshi E/study:: women
05-30 22:33:47.471 25836-25836/com.example.administrator.shejimoshi E/study:: teacher

3.克隆模式比较简单

只需实现接口：

package com.example.administrator.shejimoshi;

import android.util.Log;

/**
 * Created by Administrator on 2017/5/30 0030.
 * 安卓中的克隆模式的使用
 */
public class Person3 implements Cloneable {


    String name;

    public String getName() {
        return name;
    }

    public void setName(String name) {
        this.name = name;
    }
    public void print(){

        Log.e( "print: ",name);
    }

    @Override
    protected Object clone() throws CloneNotSupportedException {
        return super.clone();
    }
}

代码中可这么使用：

    Person3 person3=new Person3();
        person3.setName("wang");

        try {
            person4 = ((Person3) person3.clone());
        } catch (CloneNotSupportedException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
        person3.print();
        person4.print();
        person3.setName("11");
        person4.setName("22");
        person3.print();
        person4.print();

log可看出这两个是不同的对象了：

05-30 22:33:47.471 25836-25836/com.example.administrator.shejimoshi E/print:: wang
05-30 22:33:47.471 25836-25836/com.example.administrator.shejimoshi E/print:: wang
05-30 22:33:47.471 25836-25836/com.example.administrator.shejimoshi E/print:: 11
05-30 22:33:47.471 25836-25836/com.example.administrator.shejimoshi E/print:: 22