Building hash code for Image Retrieve

本文探讨了图像检索领域的两种哈希码构建方法:一种是通过矩阵分解生成初步哈希码,结合CNN进行优化;另一种是直接使用CNN和triplet loss生成可训练的哈希码,适用于无监督数据。

引言

最近在入门关于图像检索这个研究方向,做一点笔记。
为了使图像编码的保存占用更小的内存空间和以及缩短检索时的运算时间,图像检索一个关键问题是为每一张图像构建哈希码,使得在检索的时候利用图像对应的哈希码进行检索。

两步构建图像哈希码

在这里插入图片描述

Supervised Hashing for Image Retrieval via Image Representation Learning

引用的第一篇文章,方法是使用有监督的训练数据训练神经网络模型,并由此得到可以编码图像信息的图像编码器和哈希函数。主要步骤包括两个:

生成大概的哈希码

这一部分并没有用到机器学习或者深度学习的方法,个人认为这也是这篇文章的一个有争议的地方。
在这一部分,作者使用矩阵分解的方法构建每一张图像的初始哈希码,具体的做法是先构造一个图矩阵S,矩阵中的每一个元素代表两张图片的相似性,1代表相似,-1代表不相似。然后通过矩阵分解的方法 S = H H T S=HH^T S=HHT,其中H中的每一行就代表对应图片的哈希码。

CNNH+

在这里插入图片描述
使用CNN的方法进行图片特征的生成,然后在训练的时候包括两个损失函数:

  1. 构建哈希函数,利用生成的图片特征得到图片哈希码,然后和上一步的图片哈希码做对比,哈希码对应上图的红色点
  2. 将图片的类别信息作为label来为不同类别的图片进行分类,图片的类别对应上图的黑色点

利用这两个损失函数联合训练图像编码器和哈希函数。

一步构建图像哈希码

Simultaneous Feature Learning and Hash Coding with Deep Neural Networks

使用triple loss的方法作为衡量图片与图片之间的相似性,利用一个共享参数的基于CNN架构的模型来得到一个图片元组中每张图片的特征表示,然后通过divide-encode的方法为图片中每一个像素点的特征构造一个哈希值,最后通过piece wise的划分方法构造图片的哈希码。
在这里插入图片描述
这一方法的优点在于使得模型生成的哈希码可训练,同时triplet loss的方法适用于无监督的训练数据。

分析代码:################################################################################ # # Linux kernel target # ################################################################################ LINUX_VERSION = $(call qstrip,$(BR2_LINUX_KERNEL_VERSION)) LINUX_LICENSE = GPLv2 LINUX_LICENSE_FILES = COPYING # Compute LINUX_SOURCE and LINUX_SITE from the configuration ifeq ($(BR2_LINUX_KERNEL_CUSTOM_TARBALL),y) LINUX_TARBALL = $(call qstrip,$(BR2_LINUX_KERNEL_CUSTOM_TARBALL_LOCATION)) LINUX_SITE = $(patsubst %/,%,$(dir $(LINUX_TARBALL))) LINUX_SOURCE = $(notdir $(LINUX_TARBALL)) BR_NO_CHECK_HASH_FOR += $(LINUX_SOURCE) else ifeq ($(BR2_LINUX_KERNEL_CUSTOM_LOCAL),y) LINUX_SITE = $(call qstrip,$(BR2_LINUX_KERNEL_CUSTOM_LOCAL_PATH)) LINUX_SITE_METHOD = local else ifeq ($(BR2_LINUX_KERNEL_CUSTOM_GIT),y) LINUX_SITE = $(call qstrip,$(BR2_LINUX_KERNEL_CUSTOM_REPO_URL)) LINUX_SITE_METHOD = git else ifeq ($(BR2_LINUX_KERNEL_CUSTOM_HG),y) LINUX_SITE = $(call qstrip,$(BR2_LINUX_KERNEL_CUSTOM_REPO_URL)) LINUX_SITE_METHOD = hg else LINUX_SOURCE = linux-$(LINUX_VERSION).tar.xz ifeq ($(BR2_LINUX_KERNEL_CUSTOM_VERSION),y) BR_NO_CHECK_HASH_FOR += $(LINUX_SOURCE) endif ifeq ($(BR2_LINUX_KERNEL_SAME_AS_HEADERS)$(BR2_KERNEL_HEADERS_VERSION),yy) BR_NO_CHECK_HASH_FOR += $(LINUX_SOURCE) endif # In X.Y.Z, get X and Y. We replace dots and dashes by spaces in order # to use the $(word) function. We support versions such as 4.0, 3.1, # 2.6.32, 2.6.32-rc1, 3.0-rc6, etc. ifeq ($(findstring x2.6.,x$(LINUX_VERSION)),x2.6.) LINUX_SITE = $(BR2_KERNEL_MIRROR)/linux/kernel/v2.6 else ifeq ($(findstring x3.,x$(LINUX_VERSION)),x3.) LINUX_SITE = $(BR2_KERNEL_MIRROR)/linux/kernel/v3.x else ifeq ($(findstring x4.,x$(LINUX_VERSION)),x4.) LINUX_SITE = $(BR2_KERNEL_MIRROR)/linux/kernel/v4.x endif # release candidates are in testing/ subdir ifneq ($(findstring -rc,$(LINUX_VERSION)),) LINUX_SITE := $(LINUX_SITE)/testing endif # -rc endif LINUX_PATCHES = $(call qstrip,$(BR2_LINUX_KERNEL_PATCH)) # We rely on the generic package infrastructure to download and apply # remote patches (downloaded from ftp, http or https). For local # patches, we can't rely on that infrastructure, because there might # be directories in the patch list (unlike for other packages). LINUX_PATCH = $(filter ftp://% http://% https://%,$(LINUX_PATCHES)) LINUX_INSTALL_IMAGES = YES LINUX_DEPENDENCIES += host-kmod host-lzop host-lzma ifeq ($(BR2_LINUX_KERNEL_UBOOT_IMAGE),y) LINUX_DEPENDENCIES += host-uboot-tools endif LINUX_MAKE_FLAGS = \ HOSTCC="$(HOSTCC)" \ HOSTCFLAGS="$(HOSTCFLAGS)" \ ARCH=$(KERNEL_ARCH) \ INSTALL_MOD_PATH=$(TARGET_DIR) \ CROSS_COMPILE="$(TARGET_CROSS)" \ DEPMOD=$(HOST_DIR)/sbin/depmod LINUX_MAKE_ENV = \ $(TARGET_MAKE_ENV) \ BR_BINARIES_DIR=$(BINARIES_DIR) # Get the real Linux version, which tells us where kernel modules are # going to be installed in the target filesystem. LINUX_VERSION_PROBED = `$(MAKE) $(LINUX_MAKE_FLAGS) -C $(LINUX_DIR) --no-print-directory -s kernelrelease 2>/dev/null` ifeq ($(BR2_LINUX_KERNEL_USE_INTREE_DTS),y) KERNEL_DTS_NAME = $(call qstrip,$(BR2_LINUX_KERNEL_INTREE_DTS_NAME)) else ifeq ($(BR2_LINUX_KERNEL_USE_CUSTOM_DTS),y) # We keep only the .dts files, so that the user can specify both .dts # and .dtsi files in BR2_LINUX_KERNEL_CUSTOM_DTS_PATH. Both will be # copied to arch/<arch>/boot/dts, but only the .dts files will # actually be generated as .dtb. KERNEL_DTS_NAME = $(basename $(filter %.dts,$(notdir $(call qstrip,$(BR2_LINUX_KERNEL_CUSTOM_DTS_PATH))))) endif KERNEL_DTBS = $(addsuffix .dtb,$(KERNEL_DTS_NAME)) ifeq ($(BR2_LINUX_KERNEL_IMAGE_TARGET_CUSTOM),y) LINUX_IMAGE_NAME = $(call qstrip,$(BR2_LINUX_KERNEL_IMAGE_NAME)) LINUX_TARGET_NAME = $(call qstrip,$(BR2_LINUX_KERNEL_IMAGE_TARGET_NAME)) ifeq ($(LINUX_IMAGE_NAME),) LINUX_IMAGE_NAME = $(LINUX_TARGET_NAME) endif else ifeq ($(BR2_LINUX_KERNEL_UIMAGE),y) LINUX_IMAGE_NAME = uImage else ifeq ($(BR2_LINUX_KERNEL_APPENDED_UIMAGE),y) LINUX_IMAGE_NAME = uImage else ifeq ($(BR2_LINUX_KERNEL_BZIMAGE),y) LINUX_IMAGE_NAME = bzImage else ifeq ($(BR2_LINUX_KERNEL_ZIMAGE),y) LINUX_IMAGE_NAME = zImage else ifeq ($(BR2_LINUX_KERNEL_ZIMAGE_EPAPR),y) LINUX_IMAGE_NAME = zImage.epapr else ifeq ($(BR2_LINUX_KERNEL_APPENDED_ZIMAGE),y) LINUX_IMAGE_NAME = zImage else ifeq ($(BR2_LINUX_KERNEL_CUIMAGE),y) LINUX_IMAGE_NAME = cuImage.$(KERNEL_DTS_NAME) else ifeq ($(BR2_LINUX_KERNEL_SIMPLEIMAGE),y) LINUX_IMAGE_NAME = simpleImage.$(KERNEL_DTS_NAME) else ifeq ($(BR2_LINUX_KERNEL_IMAGE),y) LINUX_IMAGE_NAME = Image else ifeq ($(BR2_LINUX_KERNEL_LINUX_BIN),y) LINUX_IMAGE_NAME = linux.bin else ifeq ($(BR2_LINUX_KERNEL_VMLINUX_BIN),y) LINUX_IMAGE_NAME = vmlinux.bin else ifeq ($(BR2_LINUX_KERNEL_VMLINUX),y) LINUX_IMAGE_NAME = vmlinux else ifeq ($(BR2_LINUX_KERNEL_VMLINUZ),y) LINUX_IMAGE_NAME = vmlinuz endif # The if-else blocks above are all the image types we know of, and all # come from a Kconfig choice, so we know we have LINUX_IMAGE_NAME set # to something LINUX_TARGET_NAME = $(LINUX_IMAGE_NAME) endif LINUX_KERNEL_UIMAGE_LOADADDR = $(call qstrip,$(BR2_LINUX_KERNEL_UIMAGE_LOADADDR)) ifneq ($(LINUX_KERNEL_UIMAGE_LOADADDR),) LINUX_MAKE_FLAGS += LOADADDR="$(LINUX_KERNEL_UIMAGE_LOADADDR)" endif # Compute the arch path, since i386 and x86_64 are in arch/x86 and not # in arch/$(KERNEL_ARCH). Even if the kernel creates symbolic links # for bzImage, arch/i386 and arch/x86_64 do not exist when copying the # defconfig file. ifeq ($(KERNEL_ARCH),i386) KERNEL_ARCH_PATH = $(LINUX_DIR)/arch/x86 else ifeq ($(KERNEL_ARCH),x86_64) KERNEL_ARCH_PATH = $(LINUX_DIR)/arch/x86 else KERNEL_ARCH_PATH = $(LINUX_DIR)/arch/$(KERNEL_ARCH) endif ifeq ($(BR2_LINUX_KERNEL_VMLINUX),y) LINUX_IMAGE_PATH = $(LINUX_DIR)/$(LINUX_IMAGE_NAME) else ifeq ($(BR2_LINUX_KERNEL_VMLINUZ),y) LINUX_IMAGE_PATH = $(LINUX_DIR)/$(LINUX_IMAGE_NAME) else LINUX_IMAGE_PATH = $(KERNEL_ARCH_PATH)/boot/$(LINUX_IMAGE_NAME) endif # BR2_LINUX_KERNEL_VMLINUX define LINUX_APPLY_LOCAL_PATCHES for p in $(filter-out ftp://% http://% https://%,$(LINUX_PATCHES)) ; do \ if test -d $$p ; then \ $(APPLY_PATCHES) $(@D) $$p \*.patch || exit 1 ; \ else \ $(APPLY_PATCHES) $(@D) `dirname $$p` `basename $$p` || exit 1; \ fi \ done endef LINUX_POST_PATCH_HOOKS += LINUX_APPLY_LOCAL_PATCHES ifeq ($(BR2_LINUX_KERNEL_USE_DEFCONFIG),y) KERNEL_SOURCE_CONFIG = $(KERNEL_ARCH_PATH)/configs/$(call qstrip,$(BR2_LINUX_KERNEL_DEFCONFIG))_defconfig else ifeq ($(BR2_LINUX_KERNEL_USE_CUSTOM_CONFIG),y) KERNEL_SOURCE_CONFIG = $(call qstrip,$(BR2_LINUX_KERNEL_CUSTOM_CONFIG_FILE)) endif LINUX_KCONFIG_FILE = $(KERNEL_SOURCE_CONFIG) LINUX_KCONFIG_FRAGMENT_FILES = $(call qstrip,$(BR2_LINUX_KERNEL_CONFIG_FRAGMENT_FILES)) LINUX_KCONFIG_EDITORS = menuconfig xconfig gconfig nconfig LINUX_KCONFIG_OPTS = $(LINUX_MAKE_FLAGS) define LINUX_KCONFIG_FIXUP_CMDS $(if $(LINUX_NEEDS_MODULES), $(call KCONFIG_ENABLE_OPT,CONFIG_MODULES,$(@D)/.config)) $(if $(BR2_arm)$(BR2_armeb), $(call KCONFIG_ENABLE_OPT,CONFIG_AEABI,$(@D)/.config)) $(if $(BR2_TARGET_ROOTFS_CPIO), $(call KCONFIG_ENABLE_OPT,CONFIG_BLK_DEV_INITRD,$(@D)/.config)) # As the kernel gets compiled before root filesystems are # built, we create a fake cpio file. It'll be # replaced later by the real cpio archive, and the kernel will be # rebuilt using the linux-rebuild-with-initramfs target. $(if $(BR2_TARGET_ROOTFS_INITRAMFS), touch $(BINARIES_DIR)/rootfs.cpio $(call KCONFIG_SET_OPT,CONFIG_INITRAMFS_SOURCE,"$${BR_BINARIES_DIR}/rootfs.cpio",$(@D)/.config) $(call KCONFIG_SET_OPT,CONFIG_INITRAMFS_ROOT_UID,0,$(@D)/.config) $(call KCONFIG_SET_OPT,CONFIG_INITRAMFS_ROOT_GID,0,$(@D)/.config)) $(if $(BR2_ROOTFS_DEVICE_CREATION_STATIC),, $(call KCONFIG_ENABLE_OPT,CONFIG_DEVTMPFS,$(@D)/.config) $(call KCONFIG_ENABLE_OPT,CONFIG_DEVTMPFS_MOUNT,$(@D)/.config)) $(if $(BR2_ROOTFS_DEVICE_CREATION_DYNAMIC_EUDEV), $(call KCONFIG_ENABLE_OPT,CONFIG_INOTIFY_USER,$(@D)/.config)) $(if $(BR2_PACKAGE_KTAP), $(call KCONFIG_ENABLE_OPT,CONFIG_DEBUG_FS,$(@D)/.config) $(call KCONFIG_ENABLE_OPT,CONFIG_ENABLE_DEFAULT_TRACERS,$(@D)/.config) $(call KCONFIG_ENABLE_OPT,CONFIG_PERF_EVENTS,$(@D)/.config) $(call KCONFIG_ENABLE_OPT,CONFIG_FUNCTION_TRACER,$(@D)/.config)) $(if $(BR2_PACKAGE_SYSTEMD), $(call KCONFIG_ENABLE_OPT,CONFIG_CGROUPS,$(@D)/.config) $(call KCONFIG_ENABLE_OPT,CONFIG_INOTIFY_USER,$(@D)/.config) $(call KCONFIG_ENABLE_OPT,CONFIG_FHANDLE,$(@D)/.config) $(call KCONFIG_ENABLE_OPT,CONFIG_AUTOFS4_FS,$(@D)/.config) $(call KCONFIG_ENABLE_OPT,CONFIG_TMPFS_POSIX_ACL,$(@D)/.config) $(call KCONFIG_ENABLE_OPT,CONFIG_TMPFS_POSIX_XATTR,$(@D)/.config)) $(if $(BR2_PACKAGE_SMACK), $(call KCONFIG_ENABLE_OPT,CONFIG_SECURITY,$(@D)/.config) $(call KCONFIG_ENABLE_OPT,CONFIG_SECURITY_SMACK,$(@D)/.config) $(call KCONFIG_ENABLE_OPT,CONFIG_SECURITY_NETWORK,$(@D)/.config)) $(if $(BR2_PACKAGE_IPTABLES), $(call KCONFIG_ENABLE_OPT,CONFIG_IP_NF_IPTABLES,$(@D)/.config) $(call KCONFIG_ENABLE_OPT,CONFIG_IP_NF_FILTER,$(@D)/.config) $(call KCONFIG_ENABLE_OPT,CONFIG_NETFILTER,$(@D)/.config) $(call KCONFIG_ENABLE_OPT,CONFIG_NETFILTER_XTABLES,$(@D)/.config)) $(if $(BR2_PACKAGE_XTABLES_ADDONS), $(call KCONFIG_ENABLE_OPT,CONFIG_NETFILTER_ADVANCED,$(@D)/.config) $(call KCONFIG_ENABLE_OPT,CONFIG_NF_CONNTRACK,$(@D)/.config) $(call KCONFIG_ENABLE_OPT,CONFIG_NF_CONNTRACK_MARK,$(@D)/.config)) $(if $(BR2_LINUX_KERNEL_APPENDED_DTB), $(call KCONFIG_ENABLE_OPT,CONFIG_ARM_APPENDED_DTB,$(@D)/.config)) endef ifeq ($(BR2_LINUX_KERNEL_DTS_SUPPORT),y) ifeq ($(BR2_LINUX_KERNEL_DTB_IS_SELF_BUILT),) define LINUX_BUILD_DTB $(LINUX_MAKE_ENV) $(MAKE) $(LINUX_MAKE_FLAGS) -C $(@D) $(KERNEL_DTBS) endef define LINUX_INSTALL_DTB # dtbs moved from arch/<ARCH>/boot to arch/<ARCH>/boot/dts since 3.8-rc1 cp $(addprefix \ $(KERNEL_ARCH_PATH)/boot/$(if $(wildcard \ $(addprefix $(KERNEL_ARCH_PATH)/boot/dts/,$(KERNEL_DTBS))),dts/),$(KERNEL_DTBS)) \ $(BINARIES_DIR)/ endef define LINUX_INSTALL_DTB_TARGET # dtbs moved from arch/<ARCH>/boot to arch/<ARCH>/boot/dts since 3.8-rc1 cp $(addprefix \ $(KERNEL_ARCH_PATH)/boot/$(if $(wildcard \ $(addprefix $(KERNEL_ARCH_PATH)/boot/dts/,$(KERNEL_DTBS))),dts/),$(KERNEL_DTBS)) \ $(TARGET_DIR)/boot/ endef endif endif ifeq ($(BR2_LINUX_KERNEL_APPENDED_DTB),y) # dtbs moved from arch/$ARCH/boot to arch/$ARCH/boot/dts since 3.8-rc1 define LINUX_APPEND_DTB if [ -e $(KERNEL_ARCH_PATH)/boot/$(KERNEL_DTS_NAME).dtb ]; then \ cat $(KERNEL_ARCH_PATH)/boot/$(KERNEL_DTS_NAME).dtb; \ else \ cat $(KERNEL_ARCH_PATH)/boot/dts/$(KERNEL_DTS_NAME).dtb; \ fi >> $(KERNEL_ARCH_PATH)/boot/zImage endef ifeq ($(BR2_LINUX_KERNEL_APPENDED_UIMAGE),y) # We need to generate a new u-boot image that takes into # account the extra-size added by the device tree at the end # of the image. To do so, we first need to retrieve both load # address and entry point for the kernel from the already # generate uboot image before using mkimage -l. LINUX_APPEND_DTB += $(sep) MKIMAGE_ARGS=`$(MKIMAGE) -l $(LINUX_IMAGE_PATH) |\ sed -n -e 's/Image Name:[ ]*\(.*\)/-n \1/p' -e 's/Load Address:/-a/p' -e 's/Entry Point:/-e/p'`; \ $(MKIMAGE) -A $(MKIMAGE_ARCH) -O linux \ -T kernel -C none $${MKIMAGE_ARGS} \ -d $(KERNEL_ARCH_PATH)/boot/zImage $(LINUX_IMAGE_PATH); endif endif # Compilation. We make sure the kernel gets rebuilt when the # configuration has changed. define LINUX_BUILD_CMDS $(if $(BR2_LINUX_KERNEL_USE_CUSTOM_DTS), cp $(call qstrip,$(BR2_LINUX_KERNEL_CUSTOM_DTS_PATH)) $(KERNEL_ARCH_PATH)/boot/dts/) $(LINUX_MAKE_ENV) $(MAKE) $(LINUX_MAKE_FLAGS) -C $(@D) $(LINUX_TARGET_NAME) @if grep -q "CONFIG_MODULES=y" $(@D)/.config; then \ $(LINUX_MAKE_ENV) $(MAKE) $(LINUX_MAKE_FLAGS) -C $(@D) modules ; \ fi $(LINUX_BUILD_DTB) $(LINUX_APPEND_DTB) endef ifeq ($(BR2_LINUX_KERNEL_INSTALL_TARGET),y) define LINUX_INSTALL_KERNEL_IMAGE_TO_TARGET install -m 0644 -D $(LINUX_IMAGE_PATH) $(TARGET_DIR)/boot/$(LINUX_IMAGE_NAME) $(LINUX_INSTALL_DTB_TARGET) endef endif define LINUX_INSTALL_HOST_TOOLS # Installing dtc (device tree compiler) as host tool, if selected if grep -q "CONFIG_DTC=y" $(@D)/.config; then \ $(INSTALL) -D -m 0755 $(@D)/scripts/dtc/dtc $(HOST_DIR)/usr/bin/linux-dtc ; \ fi endef define LINUX_INSTALL_IMAGES_CMDS cp $(LINUX_IMAGE_PATH) $(BINARIES_DIR) $(LINUX_INSTALL_DTB) endef define LINUX_INSTALL_TARGET_CMDS $(LINUX_INSTALL_KERNEL_IMAGE_TO_TARGET) # Install modules and remove symbolic links pointing to build # directories, not relevant on the target @if grep -q "CONFIG_MODULES=y" $(@D)/.config; then \ $(LINUX_MAKE_ENV) $(MAKE1) $(LINUX_MAKE_FLAGS) -C $(@D) modules_install; \ rm -f $(TARGET_DIR)/lib/modules/$(LINUX_VERSION_PROBED)/build ; \ rm -f $(TARGET_DIR)/lib/modules/$(LINUX_VERSION_PROBED)/source ; \ fi $(LINUX_INSTALL_HOST_TOOLS) endef # Include all our extensions and tools definitions. # # Note: our package infrastructure uses the full-path of the last-scanned # Makefile to determine what package we're currently defining, using the # last directory component in the path. As such, including other Makefile, # like below, before we call one of the *-package macro is usally not # working. # However, since the files we include here are in the same directory as # the current Makefile, we are OK. But this is a hard requirement: files # included here *must* be in the same directory! include $(sort $(wildcard linux/linux-ext-*.mk)) include $(sort $(wildcard linux/linux-tool-*.mk)) LINUX_PATCH_DEPENDENCIES += $(foreach ext,$(LINUX_EXTENSIONS),\ $(if $(BR2_LINUX_KERNEL_EXT_$(call UPPERCASE,$(ext))),$(ext))) LINUX_PRE_PATCH_HOOKS += $(foreach ext,$(LINUX_EXTENSIONS),\ $(if $(BR2_LINUX_KERNEL_EXT_$(call UPPERCASE,$(ext))),\ $(call UPPERCASE,$(ext))_PREPARE_KERNEL)) # Install Linux kernel tools in the staging directory since some tools # may install shared libraries and headers (e.g. cpupower). The kernel # image is NOT installed in the staging directory. LINUX_INSTALL_STAGING = YES LINUX_DEPENDENCIES += $(foreach tool,$(LINUX_TOOLS),\ $(if $(BR2_LINUX_KERNEL_TOOL_$(call UPPERCASE,$(tool))),\ $($(call UPPERCASE,$(tool))_DEPENDENCIES))) LINUX_POST_BUILD_HOOKS += $(foreach tool,$(LINUX_TOOLS),\ $(if $(BR2_LINUX_KERNEL_TOOL_$(call UPPERCASE,$(tool))),\ $(call UPPERCASE,$(tool))_BUILD_CMDS)) LINUX_POST_INSTALL_STAGING_HOOKS += $(foreach tool,$(LINUX_TOOLS),\ $(if $(BR2_LINUX_KERNEL_TOOL_$(call UPPERCASE,$(tool))),\ $(call UPPERCASE,$(tool))_INSTALL_STAGING_CMDS)) LINUX_POST_INSTALL_TARGET_HOOKS += $(foreach tool,$(LINUX_TOOLS),\ $(if $(BR2_LINUX_KERNEL_TOOL_$(call UPPERCASE,$(tool))),\ $(call UPPERCASE,$(tool))_INSTALL_TARGET_CMDS)) # Checks to give errors that the user can understand ifeq ($(BR_BUILDING),y) ifeq ($(BR2_LINUX_KERNEL_USE_DEFCONFIG),y) ifeq ($(call qstrip,$(BR2_LINUX_KERNEL_DEFCONFIG)),) $(error No kernel defconfig name specified, check your BR2_LINUX_KERNEL_DEFCONFIG setting) endif endif ifeq ($(BR2_LINUX_KERNEL_USE_CUSTOM_CONFIG),y) ifeq ($(call qstrip,$(BR2_LINUX_KERNEL_CUSTOM_CONFIG_FILE)),) $(error No kernel configuration file specified, check your BR2_LINUX_KERNEL_CUSTOM_CONFIG_FILE setting) endif endif ifeq ($(BR2_LINUX_KERNEL_DTS_SUPPORT)$(KERNEL_DTS_NAME),y) $(error No kernel device tree source specified, check your \ BR2_LINUX_KERNEL_USE_INTREE_DTS / BR2_LINUX_KERNEL_USE_CUSTOM_DTS settings) endif ifeq ($(BR2_LINUX_KERNEL_APPENDED_DTB),y) ifneq ($(words $(KERNEL_DTS_NAME)),1) $(error Kernel with appended device tree needs exactly one DTS source. \ Check BR2_LINUX_KERNEL_INTREE_DTS_NAME or BR2_LINUX_KERNEL_CUSTOM_DTS_PATH.) endif endif endif # BR_BUILDING $(eval $(kconfig-package)) # Support for rebuilding the kernel after the cpio archive has # been generated in $(BINARIES_DIR)/rootfs.cpio. $(LINUX_DIR)/.stamp_initramfs_rebuilt: $(LINUX_DIR)/.stamp_target_installed $(LINUX_DIR)/.stamp_images_installed $(BINARIES_DIR)/rootfs.cpio @$(call MESSAGE,"Rebuilding kernel with initramfs") # Build the kernel. $(LINUX_MAKE_ENV) $(MAKE) $(LINUX_MAKE_FLAGS) -C $(@D) $(LINUX_TARGET_NAME) $(LINUX_APPEND_DTB) # Copy the kernel image to its final destination cp $(LINUX_IMAGE_PATH) $(BINARIES_DIR) # If there is a .ub file copy it to the final destination test ! -f $(LINUX_IMAGE_PATH).ub || cp $(LINUX_IMAGE_PATH).ub $(BINARIES_DIR) $(Q)touch $@ # The initramfs building code must make sure this target gets called # after it generated the initramfs list of files. linux-rebuild-with-initramfs: $(LINUX_DIR)/.stamp_initramfs_rebuilt
最新发布
08-13
在 Elasticsearch 中,错误 `node -a failed to retrieve password hash for reserved user elastic` 通常发生在尝试访问或验证保留用户(如 `elastic`)的凭据时,Elasticsearch 无法检索到该用户的密码哈希值。这种情况可能导致认证失败、集群初始化失败或安全功能无法启用。 ### 常见原因 1. **安全配置错误**:Elasticsearch 无法正确加载 `.security` 索引中的用户凭证信息,可能是由于 `.security` 索引损坏、未正确初始化或权限配置错误导致。 2. **保留用户未初始化**:在首次启动启用了安全功能的 Elasticsearch 集群时,若未正确设置 `elastic` 用户的初始密码,`.security` 索引中可能缺少该用户的密码哈希记录。 3. **文件系统或权限问题**:Elasticsearch 无法访问存储 `.security` 索引的目录,或相关节点的权限配置限制了对安全数据的读取。 4. **集群状态异常**:主节点未启动或 `.security` 索引的主分片未分配,导致无法访问用户凭证信息。 ### 解决方案 若确认 `.security` 索引存在但 `elastic` 用户的密码哈希缺失,可尝试通过以下方式修复: 1. **重新设置 `elastic` 用户密码**: 使用 `elasticsearch-reset-password` 工具重新设置 `elastic` 用户的密码,强制 Elasticsearch 生成并存储新的密码哈希值: ```bash bin/elasticsearch-reset-password -u elastic ``` 此命令将引导用户设置新密码,并更新 `.security` 索引中的凭证信息[^1]。 2. **检查 `.security` 索引状态**: 使用 `_cat/indices` API 检查 `.security` 索引的状态,确保其处于绿色或黄色状态,并且主分片已分配: ```bash GET _cat/indices/.security?pretty ``` 若 `.security` 索引状态异常,需参考分片恢复流程修复索引状态。 3. **手动更新用户凭证**: 若 Elasticsearch 安全功能已启用,可通过 Kibana 或直接调用 REST API 更新 `elastic` 用户的密码: ```bash PUT _security/user/elastic/_password { "password" : "new_secure_password" } ``` 该请求将更新 `.security` 索引中 `elastic` 用户的密码哈希值。 4. **重建 `.security` 索引(极端情况)**: 若 `.security` 索引损坏且无法恢复,可尝试删除并重建该索引。此操作将清除所有用户和角色信息,需谨慎执行: ```bash DELETE /.security PUT /.security ``` 重建后需重新配置安全设置并恢复用户和角色信息。 --- ###
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