在各种程序中，菜单的重要性不言而喻，没有菜单各种操作就无法进行，今天来讲解一下Android的菜单，android中菜单分为三种，分别是，options menu 选项菜单，sub menu 子菜单，context menu 上下文菜单。下面分别举例演示这三种菜单：
新建一个android project，
options menu，第一种方法，通过xml定义选项菜单，在res文件夹中新建一个名为menu的文件夹，在其内新建一个options_menu.xml的文件：
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1. <?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
2. <menu xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android" >
3.
4. <item
5. android:id="@+id/newFile"
6. android:icon="@drawable/ic_launcher"
7. android:title="@string/newFile"
8. />
9. <!-- android:icon 设置菜单选项的图标
10. android：title 设置菜单选项的标题 -->
11. <item
12. android:id="@+id/exit"
13. android:icon="@drawable/ic_launcher"
14. android:title="@string/exit"
15. />
16.
17. </menu>
view plain
1. <?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
2. <menu xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android" >
3.
4. <item
5. android:id="@+id/newFile"
6. android:icon="@drawable/ic_launcher"
7. android:title="@string/newFile"
8. />
9. <!-- android:icon 设置菜单选项的图标
10. android：title 设置菜单选项的标题 -->
11. <item
12. android:id="@+id/exit"
13. android:icon="@drawable/ic_launcher"
14. android:title="@string/exit"
15. />
16.
17. </menu>
在MenuTestActivity1中：
1. package cn.sword.activity;
2.
3. import android.app.Activity;
4. import android.os.Bundle;
5. import android.view.Menu;
6. import android.view.MenuInflater;
7. import android.view.MenuItem;
8. import android.view.MenuItem.OnMenuItemClickListener;
9. import android.widget.Toast;
10.
11. public class MenuTestActivity1 extends Activity implements OnMenuItemClickListener{
12. /** Called when the activity is first created. */
13. @Override
14. public void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
15. super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
16. setContentView(R.layout.main);
17.
18. }
19.
20. @Override
21. public boolean onCreateOptionsMenu(Menu menu) {
22. MenuInflater inflater = this.getMenuInflater();
23. inflater.inflate(R.menu.options_menu, menu);
24. //第一种响应菜单点击事件的方法
25. //为每一个菜单选项添加监听事件
26. //在覆盖的onMenuItemClick（）方法中判断并触发监听事件
27. for(int i=0;i<menu.size();i++){
28. menu.getItem(i).setOnMenuItemClickListener((OnMenuItemClickListener) this);
29. }
30.
31. return super.onCreateOptionsMenu(menu);
32. }
33.
34. /*第二种响应菜单点击事件的方法 覆盖onOptionsItemSelected（）方法
35. @Override
36. public boolean onOptionsItemSelected(MenuItem item) {
37. switch(item.getItemId()){
38. case R.id.newFile:
39. Toast.makeText(this,"new File", Toast.LENGTH_LONG).show();
40. break;
41. case R.id.exit:
42. this.finish();//退出程序
43. break;
44. }
45.
46. return super.onOptionsItemSelected(item);
47. }*/
48.
49. public boolean onMenuItemClick(MenuItem item){
50. switch(item.getItemId()){
51. case R.id.newFile:
52. Toast.makeText(this, "new File", Toast.LENGTH_LONG).show();
53. break;
54. case R.id.exit:
55. this.finish();
56. }
57.
58. return false;
59. }
60.
61. }
效果图：
optionsmenu，第二种方法，动态添加删除菜单
在MenuTestActivity2中：
package cn.class3g.activity; import android.app.Activity; import android.os.Bundle; import android.view.Menu; import android.view.MenuInflater; import android.view.MenuItem; import android.widget.Toast; public class MenuTestActivity2 extends Activity { <span style="white-space:pre"> </span>//定义菜单项 private static final int SAVE=1; private static final int SAVESAVE_AS = SAVE+1; private static final int DELETE = SAVE+2; //声明一个menu对象 Menu menu = null; public void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) { super.onCreate(savedInstanceState); setContentView(R.layout.main); } public boolean onCreateOptionsMenu(Menu menu) { MenuInflater inflater = this.getMenuInflater(); inflater.inflate(R.menu.options_menu, menu); //向菜单中添加菜单项 menu.add(1, SAVE, 1, "保存"); menu.add(1,SAVE_AS, 2, "另存为"); menu.add(1,DELETE, 3, "删除保存"); //设置菜单项的图标 menu.findItem(SAVE).setIcon(R.drawable.ic_launcher); this.menu = menu; return true; } <span style="white-space:pre"> </span>//动态的修改菜单title int i=1; public boolean onPrepareOptionsMenu(Menu menu) { MenuItem item = menu.findItem(SAVE_AS); item.setTitle(item.getTitle() + "" + i); i++; return super.onPrepareOptionsMenu(menu); } lt;span style="white-space:pre"> </span>//响应菜单单击事件 public boolean onOptionsItemSelected(MenuItem item) { switch (item.getItemId()) { . case R.id.newFile: Toast.makeText(this, "new file", Toast.LENGTH_LONG).show();//利用Toast弹出文本信息 break; case R.id.exit: // Toast.makeText(this, "exit", Toast.LENGTH_LONG).show(); this.finish();//关闭Activity break; case DELETE:<pre name="code" class="html"><span style="white-space:pre"></span>//menu.removeGroup(1);//删除一组菜单 menu.removeItem(SAVE_AS);//删除一个菜单break;}return true;}}sub menu子菜单
利用xml定义菜单参考options menu。
动态的添加子菜单：
在MenuTestActivity3中：
package cn.sword.activity; import android.app.Activity; import android.os.Bundle; import android.view.Menu; import android.view.MenuInflater; import android.view.MenuItem; import android.view.SubMenu; import android.widget.Toast; public class MenuTestActivity3 extends Activity { <span style="white-space:pre"> </span>//定义菜单项 private static final int SUBMENU = 10; private static final int SUBITEM1 = SUBMENU+1; private static final int SUBITEM2 = SUBMENU+2; private static final int SUBITEM3 = SUBMENU+3; @Override protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) { super.onCreate(savedInstanceState); this.setContentView(R.layout.main); } public boolean onCreateOptionsMenu(Menu menu){ MenuInflater inflater = this.getMenuInflater(); inflater.inflate(R.menu.sub_menu, menu); //添加子菜单 SubMenu subMenu = menu.addSubMenu(1,SUBMENU,1,"子菜单"); subMenu.add(20,SUBITEM1,1,"subitem1"); subMenu.add(20,SUBITEM2,2,"subitem2"); subMenu.add(30,SUBITEM3,3,"subitem3"); subMenu.setGroupCheckable(20, true, false); //第二个参数是否可选 //当第三个参数为true时为这组菜单为互斥（单选）菜单 //当第三个参数为false时为组菜单为复选菜单 MenuItem item = subMenu.getItem(0); //item.setCheckable(false);//设置该项菜单为单选或复选 item.setChecked(true);//设置菜单的默认选项 //subMenu.getItem(0).setCheckable(true); return true; } @Override public boolean onOptionsItemSelected(MenuItem item) { switch(item.getItemId()){ case R.id.menuitem1: Toast.makeText(this,"menuitem1", Toast.LENGTH_LONG).show(); break; case R.id.menuitem2: Toast.makeText(this,"menuitem2", Toast.LENGTH_LONG).show(); break; case R.id.subitem1: Toast.makeText(this,"subitem1", Toast.LENGTH_LONG).show(); break; case R.id.subitem2: Toast.makeText(this,"subitem2", Toast.LENGTH_LONG).show(); break; case SUBITEM1: Toast.makeText(this,"SUBITEM1", Toast.LENGTH_LONG).show(); break; case SUBITEM2: Toast.makeText(this,"SUBITEM2", Toast.LENGTH_LONG).show(); //this.finish();//退出程序 break; } return super.onOptionsItemSelected(item); } }在模拟器中点击Menu键：
单击子菜单：
![]()
context menu 上下文菜单：context menu需要绑定在TextView上并在其上按2s后显示。
在MenuTestActivity4中：
package cn.sword.activity; import android.app.Activity; import android.os.Bundle; import android.view.ContextMenu; import android.view.ContextMenu.ContextMenuInfo; import android.view.MenuInflater; import android.view.MenuItem; import android.view.View; import android.widget.TextView; import android.widget.Toast; public class MenuTestActivity4 extends Activity { @Override protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) { super.onCreate(savedInstanceState); this.setContentView(R.layout.main); //将上下文菜单绑定到TextView上 TextView tv = (TextView) this.findViewById(R.id.textView); this.registerForContextMenu(tv); } @Override public boolean onContextItemSelected(MenuItem item) { switch(item.getItemId()){ case R.id.subitem1: Toast.makeText(this, "subitem1",Toast.LENGTH_LONG).show(); break; case R.id.subitem2: Toast.makeText(this, "subitem2",Toast.LENGTH_LONG).show(); break; } return super.onContextItemSelected(item); } //每次上下文菜单显示都会调用 public void onCreateContextMenu(ContextMenu menu, View v, ContextMenuInfo menuInfo) { MenuInflater inflater = this.getMenuInflater(); inflater.inflate(R.menu.sub_menu, menu); super.onCreateContextMenu(menu, v, menuInfo); } }运行模拟器，点击文本内容2s后：
2011年12月12日
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