ubuntu reinstall system without format /home

本文介绍如何在Ubuntu 12.04系统中保存已安装的软件列表,并在新系统中快速还原这些软件。通过几个简单的命令即可实现软件包的备份与恢复。此外,还提供了一种手动安装系统的方法,确保/home目录不在系统所在分区。

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ubuntu12.04系统,直接安装就不会删除/home, 甚至是/home没有单独分区。

但是要保存之前所有ap-get install的软件,需要如下命令保存list, 并且在新系统下可以几条命令重新安装所有。

Create a backup of what packages are currently installed:

sudo dpkg --get-selections > list.txt

Then (on another system) restore installations from that list:

 sudo dpkg --clear-selections
 sudo dpkg --set-selections < list.txt

To get rid of stale packages
 sudo apt-get autoremove

To get installed like at backup time
sudo apt-get dselect-upgrade

ps: 如果不放心,希望手动安装系统,并且/home与系统不在同一分区内。方法如下:

1. 用gparted找到ubuntu系统的装在哪一个分区,比如,/sda7.

2. 连接刻录好的u盘,重启,选择install somewhere else, 选择/sda7作为系统分区,format, /ext4; /home, /ext4; swap。安装。





ann@ann:~$ dpkg -l | grep python3 ii libpython3-dev:amd64 3.12.3-0ubuntu2 amd64 header files and a static library for Python (default) ii libpython3-stdlib:amd64 3.12.3-0ubuntu2 amd64 interactive high-level object-oriented language (default python3 version) ii libpython3.10-minimal:amd64 3.10.4-3 amd64 Minimal subset of the Python language (version 3.10) ii libpython3.10-stdlib:amd64 3.10.4-3 amd64 Interactive high-level object-oriented language (standard library, version 3.10) ii libpython3.12-dev:amd64 3.12.3-1ubuntu0.7 amd64 Header files and a static library for Python (v3.12) ii libpython3.12-minimal:amd64 3.12.3-1ubuntu0.7 amd64 Minimal subset of the Python language (version 3.12) ii libpython3.12-stdlib:amd64 3.12.3-1ubuntu0.7 amd64 Interactive high-level object-oriented language (standard library, version 3.12) ii libpython3.12t64:amd64 3.12.3-1ubuntu0.7 amd64 Shared Python runtime library (version 3.12) ii python3 3.12.3-0ubuntu2 amd64 interactive high-level object-oriented language (default python3 version) ii python3-apport 2.28.1-0ubuntu3.7 all Python 3 library for Apport crash report handling ii python3-apt 2.7.7ubuntu4 amd64 Python 3 interface to libapt-pkg ii python3-aptdaemon 1.1.1+bzr982-0ubuntu44 all Python 3 module for the server and client of aptdaemon ii python3-aptdaemon.gtk3widgets 1.1.1+bzr982-0ubuntu44 all Python 3 GTK+ 3 widgets to run an aptdaemon client ii python3-attr 23.2.0-2 all Attributes without boilerplate (Python 3) ii python3-babel 2.10.3-3build1 all tools for internationalizing Python applications - Python 3.x ii python3-bcrypt 3.2.2-1build1 amd64 password hashing library for Python 3 ii python3-blinker 1.7.0-1 all Fast, simple object-to-object and broadcast signaling (Python3) ii python3-bpfcc 0.29.1+ds-1ubuntu7 all Python 3 wrappers for BPF Compiler Collection (BCC) ii python3-brlapi:amd64 6.6-4ubuntu5 amd64 Braille display access via BRLTTY - Python3 bindings ii python3-cairo 1.25.1-2build2 amd64 Python3 bindings for the Cairo vector graphics library ii python3-certifi 2023.11.17-1 all root certificates for validating SSL certs and verifying TLS hosts (python3) ii python3-cffi-backend:amd64 1.16.0-2build1 amd64 Foreign Function Interface for Python 3 calling C code - runtime ii python3-chardet 5.2.0+dfsg-1 all Universal Character Encoding Detector (Python3) ii python3-click 8.1.6-2 all Wrapper around optparse for command line utilities - Python 3.x ii python3-colorama 0.4.6-4 all Cross-platform colored terminal text in Python - Python 3.x ii python3-commandnotfound 23.04.0 all Python 3 bindings for command-not-found. ii python3-configobj 5.0.8-3 all simple but powerful config file reader and writer for Python 3 ii python3-cryptography 41.0.7-4ubuntu0.1 amd64 Python library exposing cryptographic recipes and primitives (Python 3) ii python3-cups:amd64 2.0.1-5build6 amd64 Python3 bindings for CUPS ii python3-cupshelpers 1.5.18-1ubuntu9 all Python utility modules around the CUPS printing system ii python3-dateutil 2.8.2-3ubuntu1 all powerful extensions to the standard Python 3 datetime module ii python3-dbus 1.3.2-5build3 amd64 simple interprocess messaging system (Python 3 interface) ii python3-debconf 1.5.86ubuntu1 all interact with debconf from Python 3 ii python3-debian 0.1.49ubuntu2 all Python 3 modules to work with Debian-related data formats ii python3-defer 1.0.6-2.1ubuntu1 all Small framework for asynchronous programming (Python 3) ii python3-dev 3.12.3-0ubuntu2 amd64 header files and a static library for Python (default) ii python3-distro 1.9.0-1 all Linux OS platform information API ii python3-distro-info 1.7build1 all information about distributions' releases (Python 3 module) ii python3-distupgrade 1:24.04.26 all manage release upgrades ii python3-fasteners 0.18-2 all provides useful locks - Python 3.x ii python3-gdbm:amd64 3.12.3-0ubuntu1 amd64 GNU dbm database support for Python 3.x ii python3-gi 3.48.2-1 amd64 Python 3 bindings for gobject-introspection libraries ii python3-httplib2 0.20.4-3 all comprehensive HTTP client library written for Python3 ii python3-ibus-1.0 1.5.29-2 all Intelligent Input Bus - introspection overrides for Python (Python 3) ii python3-idna 3.6-2ubuntu0.1 all Python IDNA2008 (RFC 5891) handling (Python 3) ii python3-jinja2 3.1.2-1ubuntu1.3 all small but fast and easy to use stand-alone template engine ii python3-json-pointer 2.0-0ubuntu1 all resolve JSON pointers - Python 3.x ii python3-jsonpatch 1.32-3 all library to apply JSON patches - Python 3.x ii python3-jsonschema 4.10.3-2ubuntu1 all An(other) implementation of JSON Schema (Draft 3, 4, 6, 7) ii python3-jwt 2.7.0-1 all Python 3 implementation of JSON Web Token ii python3-launchpadlib 1.11.0-6 all Launchpad web services client library (Python 3) ii python3-lazr.restfulclient 0.14.6-1 all client for lazr.restful-based web services (Python 3) ii python3-lazr.uri 1.0.6-3 all library for parsing, manipulating, and generating URIs ii python3-louis 3.29.0-1build1 all Python bindings for liblouis ii python3-mako 1.3.2-1 all fast and lightweight templating for the Python 3 platform ii python3-markdown-it 3.0.0-2 all Python port of markdown-it and some its associated plugins ii python3-markupsafe 2.1.5-1build2 amd64 HTML/XHTML/XML string library ii python3-mdurl 0.1.2-1 all Python port of the JavaScript mdurl package rF python3-minimal 3.12.3-0ubuntu2 amd64 minimal subset of the Python language (default python3 version) ii python3-monotonic 1.6-2 all implementation of time.monotonic() - Python 3.x ii python3-nacl 1.5.0-4build1 amd64 Python bindings to libsodium (Python 3) ii python3-netaddr 0.8.0-2ubuntu1 all manipulation of various common network address notations (Python 3) ii python3-netifaces:amd64 0.11.0-2build3 amd64 portable network interface information - Python 3.x ii python3-netplan 1.1.2-2~ubuntu24.04.1 amd64 Declarative network configuration Python bindings ii python3-oauthlib 3.2.2-1 all generic, spec-compliant implementation of OAuth for Python3 ii python3-olefile 0.46-3 all Python module to read/write MS OLE2 files ii python3-paramiko 2.12.0-2ubuntu4.1 all Make ssh v2 connections (Python 3) ii python3-pexpect 4.9-2 all Python 3 module for automating interactive applications ii python3-pil:amd64 10.2.0-1ubuntu1 amd64 Python Imaging Library (Python3) ii python3-pip 24.0+dfsg-1ubuntu1.2 all Python package installer ii python3-pip-whl 24.0+dfsg-1ubuntu1.2 all Python package installer (pip wheel) ii python3-pkg-resources 68.1.2-2ubuntu1.2 all Package Discovery and Resource Access using pkg_resources ii python3-problem-report 2.28.1-0ubuntu3.7 all Python 3 library to handle problem reports ii python3-ptyprocess 0.7.0-5 all Run a subprocess in a pseudo terminal from Python 3 ii python3-pygments 2.17.2+dfsg-1 all syntax highlighting package written in Python 3 ii python3-pyparsing 3.1.1-1 all alternative to creating and executing simple grammars - Python 3.x ii python3-pyrsistent:amd64 0.20.0-1build2 amd64 persistent/functional/immutable data structures for Python ii python3-requests 2.31.0+dfsg-1ubuntu1.1 all elegant and simple HTTP library for Python3, built for human beings ii python3-rich 13.7.1-1 all render rich text, tables, progress bars, syntax highlighting, markdown and more ii python3-serial 3.5-2 all pyserial - module encapsulating access for the serial port ii python3-setuptools 68.1.2-2ubuntu1.2 all Python3 Distutils Enhancements ii python3-setuptools-whl 68.1.2-2ubuntu1.2 all Python Distutils Enhancements (wheel package) ii python3-six 1.16.0-4 all Python 2 and 3 compatibility library ii python3-software-properties 0.99.49.2 all manage the repositories that you install software from ii python3-speechd 0.12.0~rc2-2build3 all Python interface to Speech Dispatcher ii python3-sss 2.9.4-1.1ubuntu6.2 amd64 Python3 module for the System Security Services Daemon ii python3-systemd 235-1build4 amd64 Python 3 bindings for systemd ii python3-typing-extensions 4.10.0-1 all Backported and Experimental Type Hints for Python ii python3-tz 2024.1-2 all Python3 version of the Olson timezone database ii python3-uno 4:24.2.7-0ubuntu0.24.04.4 amd64 Python-UNO bridge ii python3-update-manager 1:24.04.12 all Python 3.x module for update-manager ii python3-urllib3 2.0.7-1ubuntu0.2 all HTTP library with thread-safe connection pooling for Python3 ii python3-wadllib 1.3.6-5 all Python 3 library for navigating WADL files ii python3-wheel 0.42.0-2 all built-package format for Python ii python3-xdg 0.28-2 all Python 3 library to access freedesktop.org standards ii python3-xkit 0.5.0ubuntu6 all library for the manipulation of xorg.conf files (Python 3) ii python3-yaml 6.0.1-2build2 amd64 YAML parser and emitter for Python3 ii python3.10-minimal 3.10.4-3 amd64 Minimal subset of the Python language (version 3.10) ii python3.12 3.12.3-1ubuntu0.7 amd64 Interactive high-level object-oriented language (version 3.12) ii python3.12-dev 3.12.3-1ubuntu0.7 amd64 Header files and a static library for Python (v3.12) ii python3.12-minimal 3.12.3-1ubuntu0.7 amd64 Minimal subset of the Python language (version 3.12) ii python3.12-venv 3.12.3-1ubuntu0.7 amd64 Interactive high-level object-oriented language (pyvenv binary, version 3.12)
最新发布
07-09
This error message suggests that the version of libcurl installed on your system is not compatible with the version of CMake you are using. To resolve this issue, you can try the following steps: 1. Verify libcurl installation: Check if libcurl is installed on your system by running the command `curl-config --version`. If libcurl is not installed or the version is outdated, consider installing or updating it using a package manager like apt or yum. 2. Check library path: Make sure that the library file `libcurl.so.4` is present in the specified path `/home/ubuntu/workplace/xcruise/release/x86/lib/`. If the file is missing, you may need to reinstall libcurl or ensure that it is properly installed in the correct location. 3. Update LD_LIBRARY_PATH: Set the `LD_LIBRARY_PATH` environment variable to include the path where libcurl is located. You can do this by running the following command: ``` export LD_LIBRARY_PATH=/home/ubuntu/workplace/xcruise/release/x86/lib:$LD_LIBRARY_PATH ``` This ensures that CMake can find and use the correct version of libcurl. 4. Rebuild CMake: If the issue persists, you may need to rebuild CMake with the correct version of libcurl. Download the source code of CMake, extract it, and then configure and build it with the appropriate options to link against the correct version of libcurl. If these steps do not resolve the issue, please provide more details about your system and the specific context in which you are encountering this error, so that I can assist you further.
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