Linux 挂载硬盘方法

申请的虚拟机因总宕机,处理完之后多分配了我100G空间,还是狠讲究的嘛,挂载方法如下：

初始磁盘挂载情况：

[root@wmstest ~]# df -h
Filesystem Size Used Avail Use% Mounted on
/dev/sda2 19G 9.0G 9.1G 50% /
/dev/sda4 44G 181M 41G 1% /u01
/dev/sda1 99M 22M 73M 23% /boot
tmpfs 4.0G 0 4.0G 0% /dev/shm

查看磁盘：
[root@wmstest ~]# fdisk -l

Disk /dev/sda: 85.8 GB, 85899345920 bytes
255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 10443 cylinders
Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes

Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System
/dev/sda1 * 1 13 104391 83 Linux
/dev/sda2 14 2563 20482875 83 Linux
/dev/sda3 2564 4603 16386300 82 Linux swap / Solaris
/dev/sda4 4604 10443 46909800 83 Linux

Disk /dev/sdb: 107.3 GB, 107374182400 bytes
255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 13054 cylinders
Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes


用fdisk对磁盘分区：

[root@wmstest ~]# fdisk /dev/sdb
Device contains neither a valid DOS partition table, nor Sun, SGI or OSF disklabel
Building a new DOS disklabel. Changes will remain in memory only,
until you decide to write them. After that, of course, the previous
content won't be recoverable.

The number of cylinders for this disk is set to 13054.
There is nothing wrong with that, but this is larger than 1024,
and could in certain setups cause problems with:
1) software that runs at boot time (e.g., old versions of LILO)
2) booting and partitioning software from other OSs
(e.g., DOS FDISK, OS/2 FDISK)
Warning: invalid flag 0x0000 of partition table 4 will be corrected by w(rite)

Command (m for help): p

Disk /dev/sdb: 107.3 GB, 107374182400 bytes
255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 13054 cylinders
Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes

Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System

Command (m for help): m
Command action
a toggle a bootable flag
b edit bsd disklabel
c toggle the dos compatibility flag
d delete a partition
l list known partition types
m print this menu
n add a new partition
o create a new empty DOS partition table
p print the partition table
q quit without saving changes
s create a new empty Sun disklabel
t change a partition's system id
u change display/entry units
v verify the partition table
w write table to disk and exit
x extra functionality (experts only)

Command (m for help): n
Command action
e extended
p primary partition (1-4)
p
Partition number (1-4): 1
First cylinder (1-13054, default 1):
Using default value 1
Last cylinder or +size or +sizeM or +sizeK (1-13054, default 13054):
Using default value 13054

Command (m for help): p

Disk /dev/sdb: 107.3 GB, 107374182400 bytes
255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 13054 cylinders
Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes

Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System
/dev/sdb1 1 13054 104856223+ 83 Linux

Command (m for help): w
The partition table has been altered!

Calling ioctl() to re-read partition table.
Syncing disks.

再次查看磁盘：

[root@wmstest ~]# fdisk -l

Disk /dev/sda: 85.8 GB, 85899345920 bytes
255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 10443 cylinders
Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes

Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System
/dev/sda1 * 1 13 104391 83 Linux
/dev/sda2 14 2563 20482875 83 Linux
/dev/sda3 2564 4603 16386300 82 Linux swap / Solaris
/dev/sda4 4604 10443 46909800 83 Linux

Disk /dev/sdb: 107.3 GB, 107374182400 bytes
255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 13054 cylinders
Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes

Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System
/dev/sdb1 1 13054 104856223+ 83 Linux


格式化磁盘：

[root@wmstest ~]# mkfs -t ext3 /dev/sdb1
mke2fs 1.39 (29-May-2006)
Filesystem label=
OS type: Linux
Block size=4096 (log=2)
Fragment size=4096 (log=2)
13107200 inodes, 26214055 blocks
1310702 blocks (5.00%) reserved for the super user
First data block=0
Maximum filesystem blocks=4294967296
800 block groups
32768 blocks per group, 32768 fragments per group
16384 inodes per group
Superblock backups stored on blocks:
32768, 98304, 163840, 229376, 294912, 819200, 884736, 1605632, 2654208,
4096000, 7962624, 11239424, 20480000, 23887872

Writing inode tables: done
Creating journal (32768 blocks): done
Writing superblocks and filesystem accounting information: done

This filesystem will be automatically checked every 39 mounts or
180 days, whichever comes first. Use tune2fs -c or -i to override.


挂载磁盘：
[root@wmstest ~]# mount /dev/sdb1 /u01/

[root@wmstest ~]# df -h
Filesystem Size Used Avail Use% Mounted on
/dev/sda2 19G 9.0G 9.1G 50% /
/dev/sda4 99G 188M 94G 1% /u01
/dev/sda1 99M 22M 73M 23% /boot
tmpfs 4.0G 0 4.0G 0% /dev/shm
/dev/sdb1 99G 188M 94G 1% /u01

设置开机自动挂载：
[root@wmstest ~]# vi /etc/fstab
/dev/sdb1 /u01 ext3 defaults 0 0