Maven-pom.xml -Dependency Scope 区别

本文深入探讨Spring框架中QuartzJobBean类的使用场景和作用范围,从不同scope(编译、运行、测试、系统等)的解释出发,详细阐述如何在实际开发中正确应用QuartzJobBean类,确保项目的稳定性和效率。
如下图报错,找错
1. 找不到类 org.springframework.scheduling.quartz.QuartzJobBean

2.Ctrl+Shift+T 查 QuartzJobBean 是属于在哪个jar包下的类,
如下图

[img]http://dl2.iteye.com/upload/attachment/0085/4799/0f2dec5e-84ec-30f4-a06a-778d4432d1ab.bmp[/img]

QuartzJobBean 属于spring-support-2.0.8.jar

scope的使用场景和说明

1.compile

编译范围,默认scope,在工程环境的classpath(编译环境)和打包(如果是WAR包,会包含在WAR包中)时候都有效。

2.provided

容器或JDK已提供范围,表示该依赖包已经由目标容器(如tomcat)和JDK提供,只在编译的classpath中加载和使用,打包的时候不会包含在目标包中。最常见的是j2ee规范相关的servlet-api和jsp-api等jar包,一般由servlet容器提供,无需在打包到war包中,如果不配置为provided,把这些包打包到工程war包中,在tomcat6以上版本会出现冲突无法正常运行程序(版本不符的情况)。

3.runtime

一般是运行和测试环境使用,编译时候不用加入classpath,打包时候会打包到目标包中。一般是通过动态加载或接口反射加载的情况比较多。也就是说程序只使用了接口,具体的时候可能有多个,运行时通过配置文件或jar包扫描动态加载的情况。典型的包括:JDBC驱动等。

4.test

测试范围,一般是单元测试场景使用,在编译环境加入classpath,但打包时不会加入,如junit等。

5.system

系统范围,与provided类似,只是标记为该scope的依赖包需要明确指定基于文件系统的jar包路径。因为需要通过systemPath指定本地jar文件路径,所以该scope是不推荐的。如果是基于组织的,一般会建立本地镜像,会把本地的或组织的基础组件加入本地镜像管理,避过使用该scope的情况。

6.import

(仅在 Maven 2.0.9 或者更新版本中有效)
[WARNING] [WARNING] Some problems were encountered while building the effective settings [WARNING] Unrecognised tag: 'id' (position: START_TAG seen ...<mirrors>\r\n <id>... @7:13) @ C:\Users\UserName\.m2\settings.xml, line 7, column 13 [WARNING] [INFO] Scanning for projects... Downloading from nexus-aliyun: http://maven.aliyun.com/nexus/content/groups/public/org/apache/maven/plugins/maven-antrun-plugin/1.3/maven-antrun-plugin-1.3.pom Downloaded from nexus-aliyun: http://maven.aliyun.com/nexus/content/groups/public/org/apache/maven/plugins/maven-antrun-plugin/1.3/maven-antrun-plugin-1.3.pom (0 B at 0 B/s) Downloading from nexus-aliyun: http://maven.aliyun.com/nexus/content/groups/public/org/apache/maven/plugins/maven-plugins/12/maven-plugins-12.pom Downloaded from nexus-aliyun: http://maven.aliyun.com/nexus/content/groups/public/org/apache/maven/plugins/maven-plugins/12/maven-plugins-12.pom (0 B at 0 B/s) Downloading from nexus-aliyun: http://maven.aliyun.com/nexus/content/groups/public/org/apache/maven/maven-parent/9/maven-parent-9.pom Downloaded from nexus-aliyun: http://maven.aliyun.com/nexus/content/groups/public/org/apache/maven/maven-parent/9/maven-parent-9.pom (0 B at 0 B/s) Downloading from nexus-aliyun: http://maven.aliyun.com/nexus/content/groups/public/org/apache/maven/plugins/maven-antrun-plugin/1.3/maven-antrun-plugin-1.3.jar Downloaded from nexus-aliyun: http://maven.aliyun.com/nexus/content/groups/public/org/apache/maven/plugins/maven-antrun-plugin/1.3/maven-antrun-plugin-1.3.jar (0 B at 0 B/s) Downloading from nexus-aliyun: http://maven.aliyun.com/nexus/content/groups/public/org/apache/maven/plugins/maven-assembly-plugin/2.2-beta-5/maven-assembly-plugin-2.2-beta-5.pom Downloaded from nexus-aliyun: http://maven.aliyun.com/nexus/content/groups/public/org/apache/maven/plugins/maven-assembly-plugin/2.2-beta-5/maven-assembly-plugin-2.2-beta-5.pom (0 B at 0 B/s) Downloading from nexus-aliyun: http://maven.aliyun.com/nexus/content/groups/public/org/apache/maven/plugins/maven-plugins/16/maven-plugins-16.pom Downloaded from nexus-aliyun: http://maven.aliyun.com/nexus/content/groups/public/org/apache/maven/plugins/maven-plugins/16/maven-plugins-16.pom (0 B at 0 B/s) Downloading from nexus-aliyun: http://maven.aliyun.com/nexus/content/groups/public/org/apache/maven/plugins/maven-assembly-plugin/2.2-beta-5/maven-assembly-plugin-2.2-beta-5.jar Downloaded from nexus-aliyun: http://maven.aliyun.com/nexus/content/groups/public/org/apache/maven/plugins/maven-assembly-plugin/2.2-beta-5/maven-assembly-plugin-2.2-beta-5.jar (0 B at 0 B/s) Downloading from nexus-aliyun: http://maven.aliyun.com/nexus/content/groups/public/org/apache/maven/plugins/maven-dependency-plugin/2.8/maven-dependency-plugin-2.8.pom Downloaded from nexus-aliyun: http://maven.aliyun.com/nexus/content/groups/public/org/apache/maven/plugins/maven-dependency-plugin/2.8/maven-dependency-plugin-2.8.pom (0 B at 0 B/s) Downloading from nexus-aliyun: http://maven.aliyun.com/nexus/content/groups/public/org/apache/maven/plugins/maven-dependency-plugin/2.8/maven-dependency-plugin-2.8.jar Downloaded from nexus-aliyun: http://maven.aliyun.com/nexus/content/groups/public/org/apache/maven/plugins/maven-dependency-plugin/2.8/maven-dependency-plugin-2.8.jar (0 B at 0 B/s) Downloading from nexus-aliyun: http://maven.aliyun.com/nexus/content/groups/public/org/apache/maven/plugins/maven-release-plugin/2.5.3/maven-release-plugin-2.5.3.pom Downloaded from nexus-aliyun: http://maven.aliyun.com/nexus/content/groups/public/org/apache/maven/plugins/maven-release-plugin/2.5.3/maven-release-plugin-2.5.3.pom (0 B at 0 B/s) Downloading from nexus-aliyun: http://maven.aliyun.com/nexus/content/groups/public/org/apache/maven/release/maven-release/2.5.3/maven-release-2.5.3.pom Downloaded from nexus-aliyun: http://maven.aliyun.com/nexus/content/groups/public/org/apache/maven/release/maven-release/2.5.3/maven-release-2.5.3.pom (0 B at 0 B/s) Downloading from nexus-aliyun: http://maven.aliyun.com/nexus/content/groups/public/org/apache/maven/plugins/maven-release-plugin/2.5.3/maven-release-plugin-2.5.3.jar Downloaded from nexus-aliyun: http://maven.aliyun.com/nexus/content/groups/public/org/apache/maven/plugins/maven-release-plugin/2.5.3/maven-release-plugin-2.5.3.jar (0 B at 0 B/s) Downloading from nexus-aliyun: http://maven.aliyun.com/nexus/content/groups/public/org/codehaus/mojo/maven-metadata.xml Downloading from nexus-aliyun: http://maven.aliyun.com/nexus/content/groups/public/org/apache/maven/plugins/maven-metadata.xml [WARNING] Checksum validation failed, expected 1b4cdf0dfbc0be907aba4d5b99442e2975431658 but is 92f1870546e293de34329ae4a217db0a519c1ed6 from nexus-aliyun for http://maven.aliyun.com/nexus/content/groups/public/org/codehaus/mojo/maven-metadata.xml [WARNING] Checksum validation failed, expected 9b398666e685d6d2f6596a6d14d811e7f42037fe but is 3bf17e27e8e75c9a429f605445549ca5de32a0fd from nexus-aliyun for http://maven.aliyun.com/nexus/content/groups/public/org/apache/maven/plugins/maven-metadata.xml [WARNING] Could not validate integrity of download from http://maven.aliyun.com/nexus/content/groups/public/org/apache/maven/plugins/maven-metadata.xml: Checksum validation failed, expected 9b398666e685d6d2f6596a6d14d811e7f42037fe but is 3bf17e27e8e75c9a429f605445549ca5de32a0fd [WARNING] Checksum validation failed, expected 9b398666e685d6d2f6596a6d14d811e7f42037fe but is 3bf17e27e8e75c9a429f605445549ca5de32a0fd from nexus-aliyun for http://maven.aliyun.com/nexus/content/groups/public/org/apache/maven/plugins/maven-metadata.xml Downloaded from nexus-aliyun: http://maven.aliyun.com/nexus/content/groups/public/org/apache/maven/plugins/maven-metadata.xml (10 kB at 35 kB/s) [WARNING] Could not validate integrity of download from http://maven.aliyun.com/nexus/content/groups/public/org/codehaus/mojo/maven-metadata.xml: Checksum validation failed, expected 1b4cdf0dfbc0be907aba4d5b99442e2975431658 but is 92f1870546e293de34329ae4a217db0a519c1ed6 [WARNING] Checksum validation failed, expected 1b4cdf0dfbc0be907aba4d5b99442e2975431658 but is 92f1870546e293de34329ae4a217db0a519c1ed6 from nexus-aliyun for http://maven.aliyun.com/nexus/content/groups/public/org/codehaus/mojo/maven-metadata.xml Downloaded from nexus-aliyun: http://maven.aliyun.com/nexus/content/groups/public/org/codehaus/mojo/maven-metadata.xml (21 kB at 60 kB/s) [INFO] ------------------------------------------------------------------------ [INFO] BUILD FAILURE [INFO] ------------------------------------------------------------------------ [INFO] Total time: 2.262 s [INFO] Finished at: 2025-11-25T15:45:50+08:00 [INFO] ------------------------------------------------------------------------ [ERROR] No plugin found for prefix 'spring-boot' in the current project and in the plugin groups [org.apache.maven.plugins, org.codehaus.mojo] available from the repositories [local (D:\maven\apache-maven-3.6.1\maven_repository), nexus-aliyun (http://maven.aliyun.com/nexus/content/groups/public)] -> [Help 1] [ERROR] [ERROR] To see the full stack trace of the errors, re-run Maven with the -e switch. [ERROR] Re-run Maven using the -X switch to enable full debug logging. [ERROR] [ERROR] For more information about the errors and possible solutions, please read the following articles: [ERROR] [Help 1] http://cwiki.apache.org/confluence/display/MAVEN/NoPluginFoundForPrefixException 启动后端:mvn spring-boot:run后,报错信息如上,请帮我分析一下问题出在哪里?以及如何处理
最新发布
11-26
<think> 根据用户提供的引用和问题描述,用户在执行`mvn spring-boot:run`命令时遇到两个主要问题: 1. `No plugin found for prefix 'spring-boot'` 错误 2. 配置文件警告及校验失败等错误 结合引用内容,分析原因如下: ### 问题1: `No plugin found for prefix 'spring-boot'` - **原因分析**: 1. **Maven插件前缀解析失败**:Maven通过插件前缀(如`spring-boot`)执行命令时,需要根据配置的插件组(plugin groups)在仓库中查找对应的插件。报错表明Maven无法将前缀`spring-boot`解析为具体的插件。 2. **插件未在`pom.xml`中显式声明**:如果项目中未声明`spring-boot-maven-plugin`,Maven可能无法识别该前缀。 3. **Maven配置问题**:本地仓库损坏、网络问题导致插件下载失败,或`settings.xml`配置错误(如镜像仓库不可用)[^1][^4][^5]。 - **解决方案**: 1. **检查`pom.xml`中的插件声明**: 确保`spring-boot-maven-plugin`已在`pom.xml`的`<build>`中声明: ```xml <build> <plugins> <plugin> <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> <artifactId>spring-boot-maven-plugin</artifactId> <version>2.3.4.RELEASE</version> <!-- 使用实际版本 --> </plugin> </plugins> </build> ``` 声明后执行`mvn clean install`重新构建。 2. **清除Maven本地仓库**: 删除本地仓库中与`spring-boot`插件相关的目录(默认位于`~/.m2/repository/org/springframework/boot`),然后重试命令触发重新下载。 3. **检查`settings.xml`配置**: 确保镜像仓库(如阿里云镜像)可用且配置正确。参考引用[5]的配置示例: ```xml <mirror> <id>aliyunmaven</id> <mirrorOf>*</mirrorOf> <name>阿里云公共仓库</name> <url>https://maven.aliyun.com/repository/public</url> </mirror> ``` 4. **显式指定插件全名**: 使用插件全名代替前缀执行命令: ```bash mvn org.springframework.boot:spring-boot-maven-plugin:run ``` --- ### 问题2: 配置文件警告及校验失败 - **原因分析**: 1. **配置文件格式错误**:`application.properties`或`application.yml`中存在语法错误(如缩进错误、未闭合的引号)。 2. **配置属性不合法**:属性值不符合Spring Boot的校验规则(如`server.port`设置为非数字)。 3. **依赖缺失**:缺少配置处理器依赖(`spring-boot-configuration-processor`),导致配置校验失败。 - **解决方案**: 1. **检查配置文件语法**: - 使用IDE的配置验证功能(如IntelliJ的`Edit > Validate YAML`)检查`application.yml`。 - 或暂时重命名配置文件,观察警告是否消失。 2. **添加配置处理器依赖**: 在`pom.xml`中添加: ```xml <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> <artifactId>spring-boot-configuration-processor</artifactId> <optional>true</optional> </dependency> ``` 执行`mvn clean install`重新构建。 3. **检查配置属性合法性**: 根据警告信息定位非法属性,例如: ```properties # 错误示例(端口应为数字) server.port=eight-thousand # 修正为 server.port=8000 ``` --- ### 综合步骤建议 1. **修复`pom.xml`**: - 添加`spring-boot-maven-plugin`声明。 - 添加`spring-boot-configuration-processor`依赖。 2. **清理并重建项目**: ```bash mvn clean install ``` 3. **重新运行**: ```bash mvn spring-boot:run ``` §§相关问题§§ 1. 如何配置Maven镜像仓库加速依赖下载? 2. Spring Boot配置文件加载优先级是怎样的? 3. 如何解决Spring Boot启动时`main class not found`错误? </think> ### `mvn spring-boot:run` 报错分析与解决方案 #### 一、核心错误原因分析 1. **`No plugin found for prefix 'spring-boot'`** - **根本原因**:Maven无法在本地仓库或远程仓库中找到`spring-boot-maven-plugin`插件。 - 触发场景: - 本地Maven仓库损坏或插件下载不完整(引用[1][4]) - `settings.xml`镜像配置错误导致无法下载插件(引用[5]) - `pom.xml`中未声明插件或版本号错误 2. **配置文件警告/校验失败** - **典型原因**:`application.yml/application.properties` 存在语法错误 - 常见问题: - YAML缩进错误(必须使用空格,不能用Tab) - 属性值格式错误(如`port: 8080`误写为`port=8080`) - 未闭合的引号或括号 --- #### 二、系统化解决方案 ##### 步骤1:修复插件缺失问题 1. **检查插件声明** 在`pom.xml`中确认存在以下声明(版本号需与Spring Boot一致): ```xml <build> <plugins> <plugin> <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> <artifactId>spring-boot-maven-plugin</artifactId> <version>2.7.3</version> <!-- 匹配实际版本 --> </plugin> </plugins> </build> ``` 2. **修复Maven仓库配置** 修改`conf/settings.xml`,添加阿里云镜像(引用[5]): ```xml <mirror> <id>aliyun</id> <name>阿里云公共仓库</name> <url>https://maven.aliyun.com/repository/public</url> <mirrorOf>*</mirrorOf> </mirror> ``` 3. **清理本地仓库** 删除损坏的插件目录(路径示例): ```bash rm -rf ~/.m2/repository/org/springframework/boot/spring-boot-maven-plugin ``` ##### 步骤2:解决配置文件错误 1. **校验配置文件语法** 使用在线工具检查YAML格式: - [YAML Validator](https://www.yamllint.com/) - 修复常见错误: ```diff # 错误示例 - server:port=8080 # 正确写法 + server: + port: 8080 ``` 2. **启用配置校验** 在`pom.xml`中添加配置处理器: ```xml <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> <artifactId>spring-boot-configuration-processor</artifactId> <optional>true</optional> </dependency> ``` ##### 步骤3:验证修复 1. 重新下载依赖: ```bash mvn clean install -U ``` 2. 运行项目: ```bash mvn spring-boot:run ``` --- #### 三、预防措施 1. **版本一致性检查** 确保所有Spring依赖版本统一: ```xml <properties> <spring-boot.version>2.7.3</spring-boot.version> </properties> <dependencyManagement> <dependencies> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> <artifactId>spring-boot-dependencies</artifactId> <version>${spring-boot.version}</version> <type>pom</type> <scope>import</scope> </dependency> </dependencies> </dependencyManagement> ``` 2. **IDE辅助工具** - IntelliJ:开启`View > Tool Windows > Maven > Reload Project` - VS Code:安装`Spring Boot Extension Pack`扩展 > **故障树总结**: > ```mermaid > graph TD > A[执行mvn spring-boot:run失败] --> B{错误类型} > B --> C[No plugin found] > B --> D[配置校验失败] > C --> E[修复pom.xml插件声明] > C --> F[清理本地仓库] > D --> G[校验YAML语法] > D --> H[添加配置处理器] > ```
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