nginx之root alias proxy_pass测试

proxy_pass官网：http://nginx.org/en/docs/http/ngx_http_proxy_module.html#proxy_pass

参考链接：

• https://blog.youkuaiyun.com/wyl9527/article/details/89671506
• https://blog.youkuaiyun.com/u010433704/article/details/99945557

1，配置文件

[root@k8s-node02 conf.d]# cat test.conf 
#######第一段
server {
        listen       80;
        root   /usr/share/nginx/html;        
#
location / {
           index index.html;
        }
#
location /test1 {
          root /usr/share/nginx/html;
          index test1.html;
         }

location /test2/ {
          root /usr/share/nginx/html;
          index test2.html;
         }

#
location /alias {
           alias /usr/share/nginx/html/alias/a/;
           index alias.html;
        }
#

location /proxyf/ {
           proxy_pass http://192.168.128.221/;
        }
location /proxyg/ {
           proxy_pass http://192.168.128.221;
        }

#
location /proxya {
           proxy_pass http://192.168.128.221:8001/;
        }
location /proxyb {
           proxy_pass http://192.168.128.221:8001;
        }

location /proxyc/ {
           proxy_pass http://192.168.128.221:8001/passc/;
        }
location /proxyd/ {
           proxy_pass http://192.168.128.221:8001/passd;
        }

location /proxye/ {
           proxy_pass http://192.168.128.221:8001;
        }
    }

#######第二段
server {
        listen  8001;
        root   /usr/share/nginx/8001/;        
location / {
           index index.html;
        }
    }

2，静态文件

2.1 目录结构

[root@k8s-node02 nginx]# pwd
/usr/share/nginx

[root@k8s-node02 nginx]# tree html
html
├── alias
│   └── a
│       └── alias.html
├── alias.html
├── index.html
├── proxyg
│   └── index.html
├── test1
│   └── test1.html
├── test1.html
├── test2
│   └── test2.html
└── test2.html

5 directories, 8 files
[root@k8s-node02 nginx]# tree 8001/
8001/
├── index.html
├── passc
│   └── index.html
├── passdindex.html
├── proxyb
│   └── index.html
└── proxye
    └── index.html

2.2 具体内容

[root@k8s-node02 nginx]# cat html/alias/a/alias.html 
alias/a/alias.html
[root@k8s-node02 nginx]# cat html/alias.html 
alias.html
[root@k8s-node02 nginx]# cat html/index.html 
index
[root@k8s-node02 nginx]# cat html/proxyg/index.html 
proxyg/index.html
[root@k8s-node02 nginx]# cat html/test1/test1.html 
test1/test1.html
[root@k8s-node02 nginx]# cat html/test1.html 
test1.html
[root@k8s-node02 nginx]# cat html/test2/test2.html 
test2/test2.html
[root@k8s-node02 nginx]# cat html/test2.html 
test2.html
[root@k8s-node02 nginx]# cat 8001/index.html 
8001.html
[root@k8s-node02 nginx]# cat 8001/passc/index.html 
80/passc/passc.html
[root@k8s-node02 nginx]# cat 8001/passdindex.html 
80/passdindex.html
[root@k8s-node02 nginx]# cat 8001/proxyb/index.html 
8001/proxyb/proxyb.html
[root@k8s-node02 nginx]# cat 8001/proxye/index.html 
80/proxye/proxye.html

3，测试

3.1 root和alias的区别

[root@k8s-node02 ~]# curl 192.168.128.221
index
[root@k8s-node02 ~]# curl 192.168.128.221:8001
8001.html
[root@k8s-node02 ~]# curl 192.168.128.221:80/test1/
test1/test1.html
[root@k8s-node02 ~]# curl 192.168.128.221:80/alias/
alias/a/alias.html

结论：

• 当我们访问 http://192.168.128.221:80/test1/，实际访问的是/usr/share/nginx/html/test1/test1.html
• 当我们访问 http://192.168.128.221:80/alias/，实际访问的是/usr/share/nginx/html/alias/a/alias.html

3.2 proxy_pass 中的url带不带/的区别

在nginx中配置proxy_pass代理转发时，如果在proxy_pass后面的url加/，表示绝对根路径；如果没有/，表示相对路径，把匹配的路径部分也给代理走。

3.2.1 带 /

location /proxya {
           proxy_pass http://192.168.128.221:8001/;
        }

[root@k8s-node02 ~]# curl 192.168.128.221:80/proxya/index.html
8001.html

结论：

• 会被代理到 http://192.168.128.221:8001/index.html 这个url

3.2.2 不带 /

location /proxyb {
           proxy_pass http://192.168.128.221:8001;
        }

[root@k8s-node02 ~]# curl 192.168.128.221:80/proxyb/index.html
8001/proxyb/proxyb.html

结论：

• 会被代理到 http://192.168.128.221:8001/proxyb/index.html 这个url

3.2.3 带有 /passc/

location /proxyc/ {
           proxy_pass http://192.168.128.221:8001/passc/;
        }

[root@k8s-node02 ~]# curl 192.168.128.221:80/proxyc/index.html
80/passc/passc.html

结论：

• 会被代理到 http://192.168.128.221:8001/passc/index.html 这个url

3.2.4 带有 /passd

location /proxyd/ {
           proxy_pass http://192.168.128.221:8001/passd;
        }

[root@k8s-node02 ~]# curl 192.168.128.221:80/proxyd/index.html
80/passdindex.html

结论：

• 会被代理到 http://192.168.128.221:8001/passdindex.html 这个url

补充：

location /proxye/ {
           proxy_pass http://192.168.128.221:8001;
        }

[root@k8s-node02 ~]# curl 192.168.128.221:80/proxye/index.html
80/proxye/proxye.html

结论：

• location 后面接的，带不带/区别不大，为规范，建议带 /