Oracle分析函数PERCENTILE_CONT

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本文展示如何使用SQL查询实现薪资分布的25%、50%、75%百分位排名，通过partition by和order by子句进行部门内薪资排序，并计算各个百分位的薪资值。

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查询各部门中薪水分布处于25%、50%、75%位置的人的薪水，percent_rank()是确定排行中的相对位置。

create table EMP
(
EMPNO NUMBER(4) not null,
ENAME VARCHAR2(10),
JOB VARCHAR2(9),
MGR NUMBER(4),
HIREDATE DATE,
SAL NUMBER(7,2),
COMM NUMBER(7,2),
DEPTNO NUMBER(2)
);
insert into emp (EMPNO, ENAME, JOB, MGR, HIREDATE, SAL, COMM, DEPTNO)
values (7369, 'SMITH', 'CLERK', 7902, to_date('17-12-1980', 'dd-mm-yyyy'), 800.00, null, 20);
insert into emp (EMPNO, ENAME, JOB, MGR, HIREDATE, SAL, COMM, DEPTNO)
values (7499, 'ALLEN', 'SALESMAN', 7698, to_date('20-02-1981', 'dd-mm-yyyy'), 1600.00, 300.00, 30);
insert into emp (EMPNO, ENAME, JOB, MGR, HIREDATE, SAL, COMM, DEPTNO)
values (7521, 'WARD', 'SALESMAN', 7698, to_date('22-02-1981', 'dd-mm-yyyy'), 1250.00, 500.00, 30);
insert into emp (EMPNO, ENAME, JOB, MGR, HIREDATE, SAL, COMM, DEPTNO)
values (7566, 'JONES', 'MANAGER', 7839, to_date('02-04-1981', 'dd-mm-yyyy'), 2975.00, null, 20);
insert into emp (EMPNO, ENAME, JOB, MGR, HIREDATE, SAL, COMM, DEPTNO)
values (7654, 'MARTIN', 'SALESMAN', 7698, to_date('28-09-1981', 'dd-mm-yyyy'), 1250.00, 1400.00, 30);
insert into emp (EMPNO, ENAME, JOB, MGR, HIREDATE, SAL, COMM, DEPTNO)
values (7698, 'BLAKE', 'MANAGER', 7839, to_date('01-05-1981', 'dd-mm-yyyy'), 2850.00, null, 30);
insert into emp (EMPNO, ENAME, JOB, MGR, HIREDATE, SAL, COMM, DEPTNO)
values (7782, 'CLARK', 'MANAGER', 7839, to_date('09-06-1981', 'dd-mm-yyyy'), 2450.00, null, 10);
insert into emp (EMPNO, ENAME, JOB, MGR, HIREDATE, SAL, COMM, DEPTNO)
values (7788, 'SCOTT', 'ANALYST', 7566, to_date('19-04-1987', 'dd-mm-yyyy'), 3000.00, null, 20);
insert into emp (EMPNO, ENAME, JOB, MGR, HIREDATE, SAL, COMM, DEPTNO)
values (7839, 'KING', 'PRESIDENT', null, to_date('17-11-1981', 'dd-mm-yyyy'), 5000.00, null, 10);
insert into emp (EMPNO, ENAME, JOB, MGR, HIREDATE, SAL, COMM, DEPTNO)
values (7844, 'TURNER', 'SALESMAN', 7698, to_date('08-09-1981', 'dd-mm-yyyy'), 1500.00, 0.00, 30);
insert into emp (EMPNO, ENAME, JOB, MGR, HIREDATE, SAL, COMM, DEPTNO)
values (7876, 'ADAMS', 'CLERK', 7788, to_date('23-05-1987', 'dd-mm-yyyy'), 1100.00, null, 20);
insert into emp (EMPNO, ENAME, JOB, MGR, HIREDATE, SAL, COMM, DEPTNO)
values (7900, 'JAMES', 'CLERK', 7698, to_date('03-12-1981', 'dd-mm-yyyy'), 950.00, null, 30);
insert into emp (EMPNO, ENAME, JOB, MGR, HIREDATE, SAL, COMM, DEPTNO)
values (7902, 'FORD', 'ANALYST', 7566, to_date('03-12-1981', 'dd-mm-yyyy'), 3000.00, null, 20);
insert into emp (EMPNO, ENAME, JOB, MGR, HIREDATE, SAL, COMM, DEPTNO)
values (7934, 'MILLER', 'CLERK', 7782, to_date('23-01-1982', 'dd-mm-yyyy'), 1300.00, null, 10);
commit;

SQL> select e.ename,e.sal,e.deptno,

percent_rank() over(partition by deptno order by sal desc) p_rank,
PERCENTILE_CONT(0) within group(order by sal desc)
over(partition by deptno) max_sal ,
PERCENTILE_CONT(0.25) within group(order by sal desc)
over(partition by deptno) max_sal_25,
PERCENTILE_CONT(0.5) within group(order by sal desc)
over(partition by deptno) max_sal_50,
PERCENTILE_CONT(0.75) within group(order by sal desc)
over(partition by deptno) max_sal_75
from emp e;
ENAME SAL DEPTNO P_RANK MAX_SAL MAX_SAL_25 MAX_SAL_50 MAX_SAL_75
---------- ---------- ---------- ---------- ---------- ---------- ---------- ----------
KING 5000 10 0 5000 3725 2450 1875
CLARK 2450 10 .5 5000 3725 2450 1875
MILLER 1300 10 1 5000 3725 2450 1875
SCOTT 3000 20 0 3000 3000 2975 1100
FORD 3000 20 0 3000 3000 2975 1100
JONES 2975 20 .5 3000 3000 2975 1100
ADAMS 1100 20 .75 3000 3000 2975 1100
SMITH 800 20 1 3000 3000 2975 1100
BLAKE 2850 30 0 2850 1575 1375 1250
ALLEN 1600 30 .2 2850 1575 1375 1250
TURNER 1500 30 .4 2850 1575 1375 1250
WARD 1250 30 .6 2850 1575 1375 1250
MARTIN 1250 30 .6 2850 1575 1375 1250
JAMES 950 30 1 2850 1575 1375 1250
已选择14行。

SQL> select e.ename,e.sal,e.deptno,
percent_rank() over(partition by deptno order by sal) p_rank,
PERCENTILE_CONT(0) within group(order by sal)
over(partition by deptno) max_sal ,
PERCENTILE_CONT(0.25) within group(order by sal)
over(partition by deptno) max_sal_25,
PERCENTILE_CONT(0.5) within group(order by sal)
over(partition by deptno) max_sal_50,
PERCENTILE_CONT(0.75) within group(order by sal)
over(partition by deptno) max_sal_75
from emp e;
ENAME SAL DEPTNO P_RANK MAX_SAL MAX_SAL_25 MAX_SAL_50 MAX_SAL_75
---------- ---------- ---------- ---------- ---------- ---------- ---------- ----------
MILLER 1300 10 0 1300 1875 2450 3725
CLARK 2450 10 .5 1300 1875 2450 3725
KING 5000 10 1 1300 1875 2450 3725
SMITH 800 20 0 800 1100 2975 3000
ADAMS 1100 20 .25 800 1100 2975 3000
JONES 2975 20 .5 800 1100 2975 3000
SCOTT 3000 20 .75 800 1100 2975 3000
FORD 3000 20 .75 800 1100 2975 3000
JAMES 950 30 0 950 1250 1375 1575
MARTIN 1250 30 .2 950 1250 1375 1575
WARD 1250 30 .2 950 1250 1375 1575
TURNER 1500 30 .6 950 1250 1375 1575
ALLEN 1600 30 .8 950 1250 1375 1575
BLAKE 2850 30 1 950 1250 1375 1575
已选择14行。