keepalived基本应用解析（转）

最新推荐文章于 2024-08-17 17:24:53 发布

guo_yang

最新推荐文章于 2024-08-17 17:24:53 发布

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本文链接：https://blog.youkuaiyun.com/guo_yang/article/details/82186513

概念简单认知：

Keepalived:它的诞生最初是为ipvs（一些服务，内核中的一些规则）提供高可用性的，最初最主要目的是能够自主调用ipvsadm来生成规则，并且能够自动实现将用户访问的地址转移到其他节点上进行实现的。

Keepalived:核心包含两个ckeckers和VRRP协议。

ckeckers：检查服务检查reserved的健康状况的，基于脚本也可检查服务本身的健康状况。这里是实现ipvs后端健康状况的检测的。

VRRP：是一种容错协议，它保证当主机的下一跳路由器出现故障时，由另一台路由器来代替出现故障的路由器进行工作，从而保持网络通信的连续性和可靠性。VRRP中每个节点之间都有优先级的一般为0-255（0,255有特殊用法）数字越大优先级越高。

相关术语解析：

虚拟路由器：由一个Master路由器和多个Backup路由器组成。主机将虚拟路由器当作默认网关。

VRID：虚拟路由器的标识。有相同VRID的一组路由器构成一个虚拟路由器。

Master路由器：虚拟路由器中承担报文转发任务的路由器。

Backup路由器：Master路由器出现故障时，能够代替Master路由器工作的路由器。

虚拟IP 地址：虚拟路由器的IP 地址。一个虚拟路由器可以拥有一个或多个IP地址。

IP地址拥有者：接口IP地址与虚拟IP地址相同的路由器被称为IP地址拥有者。

虚拟MAC地址：一个虚拟路由器拥有一个虚拟MAC地址。虚拟MAC地址的格式为00-00-5E-00-01-{VRID}。通常情况下，虚拟路由器回应ARP请求使用的是虚拟MAC地址，只有虚拟路由器做特殊配置的时候，才回应接口的真实MAC地址。

优先级：VRRP根据优先级来确定虚拟路由器中每台路由器的地位。

非抢占方式：如果Backup路由器工作在非抢占方式下，则只要Master路由器没有出现故障Backup路由器即使随后被配置了更高的优先级也不会成为Master路由器。

抢占方式：如果Backup路由器工作在抢占方式下，当它收到VRRP报文后，会将自己的优先级与通告报文中的优先级进行比较。如果自己的优先级比当前的Master路由器的优先级高，就会主动抢占成为Master路由器；否则，将保持Backup状态。

平台信息介绍：

Master：172.16.18.7

backup：172.16.18.9

系统版本：centosx86_64

keepalived版本：1.2.7

主配置文件：/etc/keepalived/keepalived.conf

服务脚本：/etc/rc.d/init,d/keepalived

应用实践：

将两个节点的时间同步

##############实现双机互信#######

#########node1#######

ssh-keygen -t rsa -P ''

ssh-copy-id -i .ssh/id_rsa.pub root@172.16.18.9

#########node2#######

ssh-keygen -t rsa -P ''

ssh-copy-id -i .ssh/id_rsa.pub root@172.16.18.7

##############查看时间###########

[root@node1 ~]# date;ssh node2 'date'

#####为实现同步可使用下面同步#####

crontab -e

*/5 * * * * /usr/sbin/ntpdate 172.16.0.1 &> /dev/null

安装：

1

[root@node1 ~]# yum -y install keepalived

查看编辑配置文件：

1

vim /etc/keepalived/keepalived.conf

解析配置文件：

配置文件有三部分组成：

（1）：GLOBAL CONFIGURATION??????? 全局配置段

有两个字段：

Global definitions????????????? #全局定义

Static routes?????????????????? #静态路由

（2）：VRRPD CONFIGURATION???????? 配置VRRP子进程协议段又称定义虚拟路由的

有两个字段：

VRRP synchronization group(s)?? #VRRP的同步组（一般不用）

什么是同步组？就是一台机器上有配置两个VIP，为了实现两个VIP要同步工作同时转移出去，所以必须要定义成同步组从而当成一个资源来转移。

VRRP instance(s)??????????????? #VRRP的实例

任何一个虚拟路由定义好之后在任何一个节点上都应该定义一个keepalived运行实例，这两个节点上的实例要匹配。keepalived最令人头疼的是两个节点上的初始实例是不一样的，因为每一个节点都有初始状态而且它有默认的优先级，高的为Master低的为Backup所以导致了两个节点上的虚拟路由的实例配置是不一样的。

（3）：LVS CONFIGURATION??????????? LVS配置段

有两个字段：

Virtual server group(s)???????? #虚拟服务器组

Virtual server(s)?????????????? #虚拟服务器（ipvs规则）

详细解析：

keepalived.conf

global_defs {??? #全局配置，这里额外的静态路由并未添加因为它是非必要的，除非我们在当前或特定的主机上生成特殊的静态路由等

notification_email {??????????????? #收件人信息

acassen@firewall.loc

failover@firewall.loc

sysadmin@firewall.loc

}

notification_email_from Alexandre.Cassen@firewall.loc?? #发件人信息（可以随意伪装）

smtp_server 192.168.200.1????? #发邮件的服务器（一定不可为外部地址）

smtp_connect_timeout 30????? #连接超时时间

router_id LVS_DEVEL????????? #路由器的标识（可以随便改动）

}

vrrp_instance VI_1 {??????????? #配置虚拟路由器的（VI_1是实例名称）

state MASTER?????????????? #初始状态，master|backup，当state指定的instance的初始化状态，在两台服务器都启动以后，马上发生竞选，优先级高的成为MASTER，所以这里的MASTER并不是表示此台服务器一直是MASTER

interface eth0????????????? #通告选举所用端口

virtual_router_id 51??????? #虚拟路由的ID号（一般不可大于255）

priority 100??????????????? #优先级信息

advert_int 1??????????????? #初始化通告几个

authentication {??????????? #认证

auth_type PASS????????? #认证机制

auth_pass 1111????????? #密码（尽量使用随机）

}

virtual_ipaddress {???????? #虚拟地址（VIP地址）

192.168.200.16

192.168.200.17

192.168.200.18

}

}

编辑设置配置信息：

[root@node1 ~]# vim /etc/keepalived/keepalived.conf???? #主节点

global_defs {

notification_email {

root@localhost

}

notification_email_from keadmin@localhost

smtp_server 127.0.0.1

smtp_connect_timeout 30

router_id LVS_DEVEL

}

vrrp_instance VI_1 {

state MASTER

interface eth0

virtual_router_id 55

priority 100

advert_int 1

authentication {

auth_type PASS

auth_pass 1111

}

virtual_ipaddress {

172.16.18.100

}

}

[root@node1 ~]# scp /etc/keepalived/keepalived.conf 172.16.18.9:/etc/keepalived/???????????? #复制至备节点

[root@node2 keepalived]# vim keepalived.conf???? #备节点

global_defs {

notification_email {

root@localhost

}

notification_email_from keadmin@localhost

smtp_server 127.0.0.1

smtp_connect_timeout 30

router_id LVS_DEVEL

}

vrrp_instance VI_1 {

state BACKUP???????????????????????? #状态

interface eth0

virtual_router_id 55???????????????? #一定要和主节点一致

priority 90????????????????????????? #优先级别一定低于主节点

advert_int 1

authentication {

auth_type PASS

auth_pass 1111

}

virtual_ipaddress {

172.16.18.100

}

}

启动主节点：

1

[root@node1 ~]# service keepalived start

启动备节点：

1

[root@node2 ~]# service keepalived start

查看状态：

###############节点一############

[root@node1 ~]# ip addr show

1: lo: <LOOPBACK,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 16436 qdisc noqueue state UNKNOWN

link/loopback 00:00:00:00:00:00 brd 00:00:00:00:00:00

inet 127.0.0.1/8 scope host lo

inet6 ::1/128 scope host

valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever

2: eth0: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 1500 qdisc pfifo_fast state UP qlen 1000

link/ether 00:0c:29:06:a6:49 brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff

inet 172.16.18.7/16 brd 172.16.255.255 scope global eth0

inet 172.16.18.100/32 scope global eth0??? #此时VIP在node1节点上

inet6 fe80::20c:29ff:fe06:a649/64 scope link

valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever

###############节点二############

[root@node2 keepalived]# ip addr show

1: lo: <LOOPBACK,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 16436 qdisc noqueue state UNKNOWN

link/loopback 00:00:00:00:00:00 brd 00:00:00:00:00:00

inet 127.0.0.1/8 scope host lo

inet6 ::1/128 scope host

valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever

2: eth0: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 1500 qdisc pfifo_fast state UP qlen 1000

link/ether 00:0c:29:12:c8:b5 brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff

inet 172.16.18.9/16 brd 172.16.255.255 scope global eth0

inet6 fe80::20c:29ff:fe12:c8b5/64 scope link

valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever

查看主节点启动日志信息：

##############主节点#############

[root@node1 ~]# tail -20 /var/log/messages

Sep 25 17:32:17 node1 Keepalived_healthcheckers[16628]: Netlink reflector reports IP 172.16.18.7 added

Sep 25 17:32:17 node1 Keepalived_healthcheckers[16628]: Netlink reflector reports IP fe80::20c:29ff:fe06:a649 added

Sep 25 17:32:17 node1 Keepalived_healthcheckers[16628]: Registering Kernel netlink reflector

Sep 25 17:32:17 node1 Keepalived_healthcheckers[16628]: Registering Kernel netlink command channel

Sep 25 17:32:17 node1 Keepalived_healthcheckers[16628]: Opening file '/etc/keepalived/keepalived.conf'.

Sep 25 17:32:17 node1 Keepalived_healthcheckers[16628]: Configuration is using : 6832 Bytes

Sep 25 17:32:18 node1 kernel: IPVS: Registered protocols (TCP, UDP, SCTP, AH, ESP)

Sep 25 17:32:18 node1 kernel: IPVS: Connection hash table configured (size=4096, memory=64Kbytes)

Sep 25 17:32:18 node1 kernel: IPVS: ipvs loaded.

Sep 25 17:32:18 node1 Keepalived_healthcheckers[16628]: Using LinkWatch kernel netlink reflector...

Sep 25 17:32:18 node1 Keepalived_vrrp[16629]: Opening file '/etc/keepalived/keepalived.conf'.

Sep 25 17:32:18 node1 Keepalived_vrrp[16629]: Configuration is using : 62657 Bytes

Sep 25 17:32:18 node1 Keepalived_vrrp[16629]: Using LinkWatch kernel netlink reflector...

Sep 25 17:32:18 node1 Keepalived_vrrp[16629]: VRRP sockpool: [ifindex(2), proto(112), fd(11,12)]

Sep 25 17:32:19 node1 Keepalived_vrrp[16629]: VRRP_Instance(VI_1) Transition to MASTER STATE?????? #事务开始转换为Master状态

Sep 25 17:32:20 node1 Keepalived_vrrp[16629]: VRRP_Instance(VI_1) Entering MASTER STATE????????? #进入master状态

Sep 25 17:32:20 node1 Keepalived_vrrp[16629]: VRRP_Instance(VI_1) setting protocol VIPs.

Sep 25 17:32:20 node1 Keepalived_vrrp[16629]: VRRP_Instance(VI_1) Sending gratuitous ARPs on eth0 for 172.16.18.100

Sep 25 17:32:20 node1 Keepalived_healthcheckers[16628]: Netlink reflector reports IP 172.16.18.100 added???????????? #添加IP172.16.18.100

Sep 25 17:32:25 node1 Keepalived_vrrp[16629]: VRRP_Instance(VI_1) Sending gratuitous ARPs on eth0 for 172.16.18.100

###############备节点##########

[root@node2 keepalived]# tail -20 /var/log/messages

Sep 25 17:32:23 node2 Keepalived_healthcheckers[20357]: Interface queue is empty

Sep 25 17:32:23 node2 Keepalived_vrrp[20358]: Interface queue is empty

Sep 25 17:32:23 node2 Keepalived_healthcheckers[20357]: Netlink reflector reports IP 172.16.18.9 added

Sep 25 17:32:23 node2 Keepalived_vrrp[20358]: Netlink reflector reports IP 172.16.18.9 added

Sep 25 17:32:23 node2 Keepalived_healthcheckers[20357]: Netlink reflector reports IP fe80::20c:29ff:fe12:c8b5 added

Sep 25 17:32:23 node2 Keepalived_vrrp[20358]: Netlink reflector reports IP fe80::20c:29ff:fe12:c8b5 added

Sep 25 17:32:23 node2 Keepalived_vrrp[20358]: Registering Kernel netlink reflector

Sep 25 17:32:23 node2 Keepalived_healthcheckers[20357]: Registering Kernel netlink reflector

Sep 25 17:32:23 node2 Keepalived_healthcheckers[20357]: Registering Kernel netlink command channel

Sep 25 17:32:23 node2 Keepalived_vrrp[20358]: Registering Kernel netlink command channel

Sep 25 17:32:23 node2 Keepalived_vrrp[20358]: Registering gratuitous ARP shared channel

Sep 25 17:32:23 node2 Keepalived_healthcheckers[20357]: Opening file '/etc/keepalived/keepalived.conf'.

Sep 25 17:32:23 node2 Keepalived_healthcheckers[20357]: Configuration is using : 6985 Bytes

Sep 25 17:32:23 node2 Keepalived_vrrp[20358]: Opening file '/etc/keepalived/keepalived.conf'.

Sep 25 17:32:23 node2 Keepalived_vrrp[20358]: Configuration is using : 62678 Bytes

Sep 25 17:32:23 node2 Keepalived_vrrp[20358]: Using LinkWatch kernel netlink reflector...

Sep 25 17:32:23 node2 Keepalived_vrrp[20358]: VRRP_Instance(VI_1) Entering BACKUP STATE????????????? #进入BACKUP状态

Sep 25 17:32:23 node2 Keepalived_vrrp[20358]: VRRP sockpool: [ifindex(2), proto(112), fd(10,11)]

Sep 25 17:32:23 node2 Keepalived_healthcheckers[20357]: Using LinkWatch kernel netlink reflector...

测试：将node1关闭，node2会不会将地址取走？？

##############主节点############

[root@node1 ~]# service keepalived stop

Stopping keepalived:?????????????????????????????????????? [? OK? ]

[root@node1 ~]# ip addr show

1: lo: <LOOPBACK,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 16436 qdisc noqueue state UNKNOWN

link/loopback 00:00:00:00:00:00 brd 00:00:00:00:00:00

inet 127.0.0.1/8 scope host lo

inet6 ::1/128 scope host

valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever

2: eth0: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 1500 qdisc pfifo_fast state UP qlen 1000

link/ether 00:0c:29:06:a6:49 brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff

inet 172.16.18.7/16 brd 172.16.255.255 scope global eth0

inet6 fe80::20c:29ff:fe06:a649/64 scope link

valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever

###############备节点##########

[root@node2 keepalived]# ip addr show

1: lo: <LOOPBACK,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 16436 qdisc noqueue state UNKNOWN

link/loopback 00:00:00:00:00:00 brd 00:00:00:00:00:00

inet 127.0.0.1/8 scope host lo

inet6 ::1/128 scope host

valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever

2: eth0: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 1500 qdisc pfifo_fast state UP qlen 1000

link/ether 00:0c:29:12:c8:b5 brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff

inet 172.16.18.9/16 brd 172.16.255.255 scope global eth0

inet 172.16.18.100/32 scope global eth0

inet6 fe80::20c:29ff:fe12:c8b5/64 scope link

valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever

测试结果：这样是成立的，若node1重新上线会立即将VIP获取走。

如何使用keepalived调用外部脚本或手动执行命令实现VIP转移？？

思路：通过addr_script（脚本）定义检测机制；然后通过track_script在实例中追踪这个脚本。

如：下面这个检测机制

vrrp_script chk_mantaince_down {???????????? # chk_mantaince_down定义脚本的名称，可随意取

script "[[ -f /etc/keepalived/down ]] && exit 1 || exit 0" #命令（其实这里可以是自己定义好的脚本路径也可以是判断命令）#这里的意思是如果在这个文件下有down这个文件就表示期望这个节点为备用状态。

interval 1?????????? #每隔1秒钟执行一次

weight -2??????????? #一旦命令执行失败，权重降低2个

}

（1）将此此检查机制应用到我们的示例中测试实现过程：

#############主节点###########

[root@node1 keepalived]# vim keepalived.conf

router_id LVS_DEVEL

}

vrrp_script chk_main {????? 脚本

script "[[ -f /etc/keepalived/down ]] && exit 1 || exit 0"

interval 1

weight -2

}

vrrp_instance VI_1 {

state MASTER

interface eth0

virtual_router_id 157?????? #如果环境中操作者比较多，尽量在每次更改配置文件之后改变一下这个值，从而实现ARPs快速转接。

priority 100

advert_int 1

authentication {

auth_type PASS

auth_pass 1111

}

virtual_ipaddress {

172.16.18.100

}

track_script {??????? #追踪脚本

chk_main

}

}

##############备节点############

[root@node2 keepalived]# vim keepalived.conf

smtp_connect_timeout 30

router_id LVS_DEVEL

}

vrrp_script chk_main {

script "[[ -f /etc/keepalived/down ]] && exit 1 || exit 0"

interval 1

weight -2

}

vrrp_instance VI_1 {

state BACKUP

interface eth0

virtual_router_id 157

priority 99

advert_int 1

authentication {

auth_type PASS

auth_pass 1111

}

virtual_ipaddress {

172.16.18.100

}

track_script {

chk_main

}

}

（2）测试

#######未添加文件之前：节点一########

[root@node1 keepalived]# ip addr

1: lo: <LOOPBACK,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 16436 qdisc noqueue state UNKNOWN

link/loopback 00:00:00:00:00:00 brd 00:00:00:00:00:00

inet 127.0.0.1/8 scope host lo

inet6 ::1/128 scope host

valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever

2: eth0: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 1500 qdisc pfifo_fast state UP qlen 1000

link/ether 00:0c:29:06:a6:49 brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff

inet 172.16.18.7/16 brd 172.16.255.255 scope global eth0

inet 172.16.18.100/32 scope global eth0

inet6 fe80::20c:29ff:fe06:a649/64 scope link

valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever

#######未添加文件之前：节点二########

[root@node2 keepalived]# ip addr

1: lo: <LOOPBACK,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 16436 qdisc noqueue state UNKNOWN

link/loopback 00:00:00:00:00:00 brd 00:00:00:00:00:00

inet 127.0.0.1/8 scope host lo

inet6 ::1/128 scope host

valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever

2: eth0: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 1500 qdisc pfifo_fast state UP qlen 1000

link/ether 00:0c:29:12:c8:b5 brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff

inet 172.16.18.9/16 brd 172.16.255.255 scope global eth0

inet6 fe80::20c:29ff:fe12:c8b5/64 scope link

valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever

############添加文件########

[root@node1 keepalived]# touch down

###########查看状态#########

[root@node1 keepalived]# ip addr

1: lo: <LOOPBACK,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 16436 qdisc noqueue state UNKNOWN

link/loopback 00:00:00:00:00:00 brd 00:00:00:00:00:00

inet 127.0.0.1/8 scope host lo

inet6 ::1/128 scope host

valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever

2: eth0: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 1500 qdisc pfifo_fast state UP qlen 1000

link/ether 00:0c:29:06:a6:49 brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff

inet 172.16.18.7/16 brd 172.16.255.255 scope global eth0

inet6 fe80::20c:29ff:fe06:a649/64 scope link

valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever

[root@node2 keepalived]# ip addr

1: lo: <LOOPBACK,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 16436 qdisc noqueue state UNKNOWN

link/loopback 00:00:00:00:00:00 brd 00:00:00:00:00:00

inet 127.0.0.1/8 scope host lo

inet6 ::1/128 scope host

valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever

2: eth0: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 1500 qdisc pfifo_fast state UP qlen 1000

link/ether 00:0c:29:12:c8:b5 brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff

inet 172.16.18.9/16 brd 172.16.255.255 scope global eth0

inet 172.16.18.100/32 scope global eth0

inet6 fe80::20c:29ff:fe12:c8b5/64 scope link

valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever

如何在状态转换时进行通知？？

（1）keepalive内部提供了两个配置指令详细参考man keepalived.conf，一般在vrrp_instance或者vrrp_sync_group中使用中使用：

第一类指令：

# to MASTER transition

notify_master /path/to_master.sh???? #转换为master状态时使用此脚本通知

# to BACKUP transition

notify_backup /path/to_backup.sh???? #转换为backup状态时使用此脚本通知

# FAULT transition

notify_fault "/path/fault.sh VG_1" #如果变成了fault就是用此脚本通知，如果脚本带有参数也就是有空格必须使用引号

第二类指令：使用notify直接引用

# $1 = "GROUP"|"INSTANCE"??????????? #参数1：必须能够指定接受组或实例

# $2 = name of group or instance???? #这个组或实例的名称

# $3 = target state of transition??? #指定转换成哪个状态进行通知的

#???? ("MASTER"|"BACKUP"|"FAULT")

notify /path/notify.sh???? notify??? #脚本的路径（自行写）

（2）通知脚本定义：

[root@node1 keepalived]# vim notify.sh

#!/bin/bash

#

vip=172.16.18.100?????????? #指定VIP

contact='root@localhost' #通知给谁

thisip=`ifconfig eth0 | awk '/inet addr:/{print $2}' | awk -F: '{print $2}'`?????????????????????? #获取当前节点IP地址

notify() {

mailsubject="$thisip to be $1: $vip floating"

mailbody="`date '+%F %H:%M:%S'`: vrrp transition, $thisip changed to be $1"

echo $mailbody | mail -s "$mailsubject" $contact

}

case "$1" in

master)

notify master

exit 0

;;

backup)

notify backup

exit 0

;;

fault)

notify fault

exit 0

;;

*)

echo 'Usage: `basename $0` {master|backup|fault}'

exit 1

;;

esac

##########赋予此脚本执行权限###########

[root@node1 keepalived]# chmod +x notify.sh

###########测试脚本####################

[root@node1 keepalived]# ./notify.sh master

###########查看邮件信息################

[root@node1 keepalived]# mail

Heirloom Mail version 12.4 7/29/08.? Type ? for help.

"/var/spool/mail/root": 1 message 1 new

>N? 1 root????????????????? Wed Sep 25 22:24? 18/693 "172.16.18.7 to be master: 172.16.18.100 flo"

& 1??????? #第一封邮件

Message? 1:

From root@node1.magedu.com? Wed Sep 25 22:24:40 2013

Return-Path: <root@node1.magedu.com>

X-Original-To: root@localhost

Delivered-To: root@localhost.magedu.com

Date: Wed, 25 Sep 2013 22:24:39 +0800

To: root@localhost.magedu.com

Subject: 172.16.18.7 to be master: 172.16.18.100 floating

User-Agent: Heirloom mailx 12.4 7/29/08

Content-Type: text/plain; charset=us-ascii

From: root@node1.magedu.com (root)

Status: R

2013-09-25 22:24:39: vrrp transition, 172.16.18.7 changed to be master #内容

###########使用quit退出邮件##############

#############配置测试状态转换##############

[root@node1 keepalived]# vim keepalived.conf

vrrp_instance VI_1 {

state MASTER

interface eth0

virtual_router_id 157

priority 100

advert_int 1

authentication {

auth_type PASS

auth_pass 1111

}

virtual_ipaddress {

172.16.18.100

}

track_script {

chk_main

}

notify_master "/etc/keepalived/notify.sh master" #指定切换到Master状态时执行的脚本

notify_backup "/etc/keepalived/notify.sh backup" #指定切换到Backup状态时执行的脚本

notify_fault "/etc/keepalived/notify.sh fault" #指定切换到Mfault状态时执行的脚本

}

##########注意将上面此代码写入备节点中############

notify_master "/etc/keepalived/notify.sh master" #指定切换到Master状态时执行的脚本

notify_backup "/etc/keepalived/notify.sh backup" #指定切换到Backup状态时执行的脚本

notify_fault "/etc/keepalived/notify.sh fault" #指定切换到Mfault状态时执行的脚本

##########脚本同样在备节点中存在##################

[root@node1 keepalived]# scp notify.sh 172.16.18.9:/etc/keepalived/

（3）测试

[root@node1 keepalived]# touch down

[root@node1 keepalived]# ip addr

1: lo: <LOOPBACK,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 16436 qdisc noqueue state UNKNOWN

link/loopback 00:00:00:00:00:00 brd 00:00:00:00:00:00

inet 127.0.0.1/8 scope host lo

inet6 ::1/128 scope host

valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever

2: eth0: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 1500 qdisc pfifo_fast state UP qlen 1000

link/ether 00:0c:29:06:a6:49 brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff

inet 172.16.18.7/16 brd 172.16.255.255 scope global eth0

inet6 fe80::20c:29ff:fe06:a649/64 scope link

valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever

[root@node1 keepalived]# mail?????? #节点1上

Heirloom Mail version 12.4 7/29/08.? Type ? for help.

"/var/spool/mail/root": 3 messages 2 unread

1 root????????????????? Wed Sep 25 22:24? 19/704 "172.16.18.7 to be master: 172.16.18.100 flo"

>U? 2 root????????????????? Wed Sep 25 22:47? 19/703 "172.16.18.7 to be master: 172.16.18.100 flo"

U? 3 root????????????????? Wed Sep 25 22:47? 19/703 "172.16.18.7 to be backup: 172.16.18.100 flo"

&

[root@node2 keepalived]# mail????? #节点2上

Heirloom Mail version 12.4 7/29/08.? Type ? for help.

"/var/spool/mail/root": 3 messages 3 new

>N? 1 root????????????????? Wed Sep 25 22:46? 18/693 "172.16.18.9 to be backup: 172.16.18.100 flo"

N? 2 root????????????????? Wed Sep 25 22:47? 18/693 "172.16.18.9 to be backup: 172.16.18.100 flo"

N? 3 root????????????????? Wed Sep 25 22:47? 18/693 "172.16.18.9 to be master: 172.16.18.100 flo"

&

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