Python os.walk() 方法

最新推荐文章于 2025-02-20 15:31:10 发布

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本文介绍了 Python 中 os 模块的 walk() 方法，该方法用于遍历指定目录及其子目录下的所有文件和子目录。文章详细解释了 walk() 方法的参数及返回值，并通过示例展示了如何使用此方法进行底部向上和顶部向下的遍历。

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Description

The method walk() generates the file names in a directory tree by walking the tree either top-down or bottom-up.

Syntax

Following is the syntax for walk() method:

os.walk(top[, topdown=True[, onerror=None[, followlinks=False]]])

Parameters

top -- Each directory rooted at directory, yields 3-tuples, i.e., (dirpath, dirnames, filenames)
topdown -- If optional argument topdown is True or not specified, directories are scanned from top-down. If topdown is set to False, directories are scanned from bottom-up.
onerror -- This can show error to continue with the walk, or raise the exception to abort the walk.
followlinks -- This visits directories pointed to by symlinks, if set to true.

Return Value

This method does not return any value.

Example

The following example shows the usage of walk() method.

# !/usr/bin/python

import os
for root, dirs, files in os.walk(".", topdown=False):
    for name in files:
        print(os.path.join(root, name))
    for name in dirs:
        print(os.path.join(root, name))

输出：

Let us compile and run the above program, this will scan all the directories and subdirectories bottom-to-up

./tmp/test.py
./.bash_logout
./amrood.tar.gz
./.emacs
./httpd.conf
./www.tar.gz
./mysql.tar.gz
./test.py
./.bashrc
./.bash_history
./.bash_profile
./tmp

If you will change the value of topdown to True, then it will give you the following result:

./.bash_logout
./amrood.tar.gz
./.emacs
./httpd.conf
./www.tar.gz
./mysql.tar.gz
./test.py
./.bashrc
./.bash_history
./.bash_profile
./tmp
./tmp/test.py