MySQL 查询指定分区数据

最新推荐文章于 2025-06-28 11:56:38 发布

原创最新推荐文章于 2025-06-28 11:56:38 发布 · 2.6w 阅读

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CC 4.0 BY-SA版权

本文介绍了在MySQL不同版本中对分区表进行指定分区查询的支持情况。在MySQL 5.5版本中，这种查询方式不受支持，而在MySQL 5.6版本中则得到了增强。文章通过一个具体的错误案例展示了这一变化。

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今天写一个数据迁移脚本，需要对表按分区查询，在执行select * from xxx partition (p_xxx)的时候报错。

mysql>  select * from sjkk_gcjl partition (p_20150105) ;
ERROR 1064 (42000): You have an error in your SQL syntax; check the manual that corresponds to your MySQL server version for the right syntax 
to use near '(p_20150105)' at line 1

后来发现是使用的版本5.5.41不支持对指定分区的查询。在5.6增强了分区表的分区的相关操作。其中包括支持了对指定分区的查询。具体增强的其他特性，可以查看官方文档

MYSQL 5.5的官方文档

SELECT
    [ALL | DISTINCT | DISTINCTROW ]
      [HIGH_PRIORITY]
      [STRAIGHT_JOIN]
      [SQL_SMALL_RESULT] [SQL_BIG_RESULT] [SQL_BUFFER_RESULT]
      [SQL_CACHE | SQL_NO_CACHE] [SQL_CALC_FOUND_ROWS]
    select_expr [, select_expr ...]
    [FROM table_references
    [WHERE where_condition]
    [GROUP BY {col_name | expr | position}
      [ASC | DESC], ... [WITH ROLLUP]]
    [HAVING where_condition]
    [ORDER BY {col_name | expr | position}
      [ASC | DESC], ...]
    [LIMIT {[offset,] row_count | row_count OFFSET offset}]
    [PROCEDURE procedure_name(argument_list)]
    [INTO OUTFILE 'file_name'
        [CHARACTER SET charset_name]
        export_options
      | INTO DUMPFILE 'file_name'
      | INTO var_name [, var_name]]
    [FOR UPDATE | LOCK IN SHARE MODE]]

MYSQL 5.6的官方文档

SELECT
    [ALL | DISTINCT | DISTINCTROW ]
      [HIGH_PRIORITY]
      [STRAIGHT_JOIN]
      [SQL_SMALL_RESULT] [SQL_BIG_RESULT] [SQL_BUFFER_RESULT]
      [SQL_CACHE | SQL_NO_CACHE] [SQL_CALC_FOUND_ROWS]
    select_expr [, select_expr ...]
    [FROM table_references
      [PARTITION partition_list]
    [WHERE where_condition]
    [GROUP BY {col_name | expr | position}
      [ASC | DESC], ... [WITH ROLLUP]]
    [HAVING where_condition]
    [ORDER BY {col_name | expr | position}
      [ASC | DESC], ...]
    [LIMIT {[offset,] row_count | row_count OFFSET offset}]
    [PROCEDURE procedure_name(argument_list)]
    [INTO OUTFILE 'file_name'
        [CHARACTER SET charset_name]
        export_options
      | INTO DUMPFILE 'file_name'
      | INTO var_name [, var_name]]
    [FOR UPDATE | LOCK IN SHARE MODE]]