RabbitMQ confirm 确认消息和 Return 消息机制_rabbitmq return co-优快云博客

本文介绍了RabbitMQ中的消息确认(Cofirm)机制，包括开启确认模式、添加确认监听器处理成功和失败的情况。同时，详细阐述了Return监听器的用法，用于处理无法路由到队列的消息，确保生产者能够接收到这些消息并进行后续处理。示例代码展示了生产者和消费者如何实现这些功能。

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文章目录

- - - Cofirm消息确认
    - Return 消息机制

Cofirm消息确认

理解Cofirm消息确认的流程解析
在这里插入图片描述

在channel上开启确认模式：channel.confirmSelect()
在channel上添加监听，addConfirmListener,监听成功和失败的返回结果，根据具体的结果对消息进行重新发送，或记录日志等后续处理！

代码如下：

package com.example.rabbitmq.confirm;
import com.rabbitmq.client.Channel;
import com.rabbitmq.client.ConfirmListener;
import com.rabbitmq.client.Connection;
import com.rabbitmq.client.ConnectionFactory;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.util.concurrent.TimeoutException;

/**
 * 生产者代码
 */
public class producer {

    public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException, TimeoutException {

        //1,创建工厂
        ConnectionFactory connectionFactory = new ConnectionFactory();
        connectionFactory.setHost("127.0.0.1");
        connectionFactory.setPort(5672);
        connectionFactory.setUsername("guest");
        connectionFactory.setPassword("guest");
        //2, 获取连接
        Connection connection = connectionFactory.newConnection();
        //3, 通过connection创建一个channel
        Channel channel = connection.createChannel();
        //4, 指定投递模式, 消息的确认模式
        channel.confirmSelect();

        String exchangeName = "test_confirm_exchange";
        String routingKey = "confirm_save";

        //5, 发送消息
        String msg = "hello rabbitmq send confirm message!";
        channel.basicPublish(exchangeName, routingKey, null, msg.getBytes());

        //6, 添加一个确认监听
        channel.addConfirmListener(new ConfirmListener() {
            @Override
            public void handleAck(long l, boolean b) throws IOException {
                System.out.println("----- ack -----");
            }

            @Override
            public void handleNack(long l, boolean b) throws IOException {
                System.out.println("----- not ack -----");
            }
        });

        //channel.close();
        //connection.close();

    }
}

消费者代码：

package com.example.rabbitmq.confirm;
import com.rabbitmq.client.Channel;
import com.rabbitmq.client.Connection;
import com.rabbitmq.client.ConnectionFactory;
import com.rabbitmq.client.QueueingConsumer;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.util.concurrent.TimeoutException;

/**
 * 消费者
 */
public class Consumer {

    public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException, TimeoutException, InterruptedException {
        //1,创建工厂
        ConnectionFactory connectionFactory = new ConnectionFactory();
        connectionFactory.setHost("127.0.0.1");
        connectionFactory.setPort(5672);
        connectionFactory.setUsername("guest");
        connectionFactory.setPassword("guest");
        //2,获取连接
        Connection connection = connectionFactory.newConnection();
        //3,通过connection创建一个channel
        Channel channel = connection.createChannel();
        //4,exchange, routingkey, queue, 并将queue和交换机绑定
        //设置交换机
        String exchangeName = "test_confirm_exchange";
        String routingKey = "confirm_save";
        String queueName = "test_confirm_queue";

        //声明一个交换机
        channel.exchangeDeclare(exchangeName, "topic", true);
        //声明一个队列
        channel.queueDeclare(queueName, true, false, false, null);
        //建立关系
        channel.queueBind(queueName, exchangeName, routingKey);
        //5,创建消费者//
        QueueingConsumer queueingConsumer = new QueueingConsumer(channel);
        //6,设置channel
        channel.basicConsume(queueName, true, queueingConsumer);
        //7,获取消息
        while (true){
            QueueingConsumer.Delivery delivery = queueingConsumer.nextDelivery();
            String msg = new String(delivery.getBody());
            System.out.println("msg = " + msg);
        }
    }
}

Return 消息机制

return listener 用于处理一些不可路由的消息
我们的消费生产者，通过指定的exchange和routingkey，把消息送达到一个队列中，然后消费者监听队列，处理消息
在特定的情况下，我们发送消息的时候，当前的exchange不存在或者指定的routingkey路由不到，这个时候需要监听这种不可达的消息，就要使用Return Listener.

关键配置项：

Mandatory：如果为true，则监听器会接收到路由不可达的消息，然后进行后续处理，如果为false，那么broker会自动删除消息。默认为false；

生产者代码：

package com.example.rabbitmq.returnlistener;

import com.rabbitmq.client.*;

import java.io.IOException;
import java.util.concurrent.TimeoutException;

/**
 * 生产者
 */
public class producer {

    public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException, TimeoutException {
        //1,创建工厂
        ConnectionFactory connectionFactory = new ConnectionFactory();
        connectionFactory.setHost("127.0.0.1");
        connectionFactory.setPort(5672);
        connectionFactory.setUsername("guest");
        connectionFactory.setPassword("guest");
        //2, 获取连接
        Connection connection = connectionFactory.newConnection();
        //3, 通过connection创建一个channel
        Channel channel = connection.createChannel();

        String exchangeName = "test_return_exchange";
        String routingKey = "return.save";
        String routingKeyError = "abc.save";

        //5, 发送消息
        String msg = "hello rabbitmq send retuen message!";
        channel.addReturnListener(new ReturnListener() {
            @Override
            public void handleReturn(int replyCode, String replyText, String exchange, String routingKey,
                                     AMQP.BasicProperties basicProperties, byte[] bytes) throws IOException {
                System.out.println("----- handle return -----");
                System.out.println("replyCode = " + replyCode);
                System.out.println("replyText = " + replyText);
                System.out.println("exchange = " + exchange);
                System.out.println("properties = " + basicProperties);
                System.out.println("msg = " + new String(bytes));
            }
        });
        channel.basicPublish(exchangeName, routingKeyError, true,null, msg.getBytes());

//        channel.close();
//        connection.close();

    }
}

消费者代码：

package com.example.rabbitmq.returnlistener;
import com.rabbitmq.client.Channel;
import com.rabbitmq.client.Connection;
import com.rabbitmq.client.ConnectionFactory;
import com.rabbitmq.client.QueueingConsumer;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.util.concurrent.TimeoutException;

/**
 * 消费者
 */
public class Consumer {

    public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException, TimeoutException, InterruptedException {
        //1,创建工厂
        ConnectionFactory connectionFactory = new ConnectionFactory();
        connectionFactory.setHost("127.0.0.1");
        connectionFactory.setPort(5672);
        connectionFactory.setUsername("guest");
        connectionFactory.setPassword("guest");
        //2,获取连接
        Connection connection = connectionFactory.newConnection();
        //3,通过connection创建一个channel
        Channel channel = connection.createChannel();
        //4,exchange, routingkey, queue, 并将queue和交换机绑定
        //设置交换机
        String exchangeName = "test_return_exchange";
        String routingKey = "return.#";
        String queueName = "test_return_queue";
        //声明一个交换机
        channel.exchangeDeclare(exchangeName, "topic", true);
        //声明一个队列
        channel.queueDeclare(queueName, true, false, false, null);
        //建立关系
        channel.queueBind(queueName, exchangeName, routingKey);
        //5,创建消费者//
        QueueingConsumer queueingConsumer = new QueueingConsumer(channel);
        //6,
        channel.basicConsume(queueName, true, queueingConsumer);
        //7,获取消息
        while (true){
            QueueingConsumer.Delivery delivery = queueingConsumer.nextDelivery();
            String msg = new String(delivery.getBody());
            System.out.println("msg = " + msg);
        }
    }
}