Oracle的Blob字段比较特殊,他比long字段的性能要好很多,可以用来保存例如图片之类的二进制数据。
写入Blob字段和写入其它类型字段的方式非常不同,因为Blob自身有一个cursor,你必须使用cursor对blob进行操作,因而你在写入Blob之前,必须获得cursor才能进行写入,那么如何获得Blob的cursor呢?
这需要你先插入一个empty的blob,这将创建一个blob的cursor,然后你再把这个empty的blob的cursor用select查询出来,这样通过两步操作,你就获得了blob的cursor,可以真正的写入blob数据了。
看下面的JDBC的demo,把oraclejdbc.jar这个二进制文件写入数据库表javatest的content字段(这是一个blob型字段)
- import java.sql.*;
- import java.io.*;
- import oracle.sql.*;
- public class WriteBlob {
- public static void main(String[] args) {
- try {
- DriverManager.registerDriver( new oracle.jdbc.driver.OracleDriver());
- Connection conn = DriverManager.getConnection( "jdbc:oracle:thin:@localhost:1521:orcl" , "fankai" , "fankai" );
- conn.setAutoCommit( false );
- BLOB blob = null ;
- PreparedStatement pstmt = conn.prepareStatement( "insert into javatest(name,content) values(?,empty_blob())" );
- pstmt.setString( 1 , "fankai" );
- pstmt.executeUpdate();
- pstmt.close();
- pstmt = conn.prepareStatement( "select content from javatest where name= ? for update" );
- pstmt.setString( 1 , "fankai" );
- ResultSet rset = pstmt.executeQuery();
- if (rset.next()) blob = (BLOB) rset.getBlob( 1 );
- String fileName = "oraclejdbc.jar" ;
- File f = new File(fileName);
- FileInputStream fin = new FileInputStream(f);
- System.out.println( "file size = " + fin.available());
- pstmt = conn.prepareStatement( "update javatest set content=? where name=?" );
- OutputStream out = blob.getBinaryOutputStream();
- int count = - 1 , total = 0 ;
- byte [] data = new byte [( int )fin.available()];
- fin.read(data);
- out.write(data);
- /*
- byte[] data = new byte[blob.getBufferSize()]; 另一种实现方法,节省内存
- while ((count = fin.read(data)) != -1) {
- total += count;
- out.write(data, 0, count);
- }
- */
- fin.close();
- out.close();
- pstmt.setBlob( 1 ,blob);
- pstmt.setString( 2 , "fankai" );
- pstmt.executeUpdate();
- pstmt.close();
- conn.commit();
- conn.close();
- } catch (SQLException e) {
- System.err.println(e.getMessage());
- e.printStackTrace();
- } catch (IOException e) {
- System.err.println(e.getMessage());
- }
- }
- }
仔细看上例,分三步:
1、插入空blob
into javatest(name,content) values(?,empty_blob());
2、获得blob的cursor
select content from javatest where name= ? for update;
注意!!!必须加for update,这将锁定该行,直至该行被修改完毕,保证不产生并发冲突。
3、update javatest set content=? where name=
用cursor往数据库写数据
这里面还有一点要提醒大家:
JDK1.3带的JDBC2.0规范是不完善的,只有读Blob的接口,而没有写Blob的接口,JDK1.4带的JDBC3.0加入了写Blob的接口。你可以使用JDBC3.0的接口,也可以直接使用Oracle的JDBC的API,我在上例中使用了Oracle的JDBC的API。
另外要注意的是:
java.sql.Blob
oracle.sql.BLOB
注意看blob的大小写,是不一样的。写程序的时候不要搞混了。
下面看看用Hibernate怎么写,原理是一样的,也要分三步,但是代码简单很多
这是Cat对象定义
- package com.fankai;
- import java.sql.Blob;
- public class Cat {
- private String id;
- private String name;
- private char sex;
- private float weight;
- private Blob image;
- public Cat() { }
- public String getId() { return id; }
- public void setId(String id) { this .id = id; }
- public String getName() { return name; }
- public void setName(String name) { this .name = name; }
- public char getSex() { return sex; }
- public void setSex( char sex) { this .sex = sex; }
- public float getWeight() { return weight; }
- public void setWeight( float weight) { this .weight = weight; }
- public Blob getImage() { return image; }
- public void setImage(Blob image) { this .image = image;}
- }
这是Cat.hbm.xml
- <? xml version = "1.0" ?>
- <!DOCTYPE hibernate-mapping SYSTEM "http://hibernate.sourceforge.net/hibernate-mapping-2.0.dtd" >
- < hibernate-mapping >
- < class name = "com.fankai.Cat" table = "cat" >
- <!--jcs-cache usage="read-only"/-->
- < id name = "id" unsaved-value = "null" >
- < generator class = "uuid.hex" />
- </ id >
- < property name = "name" length = "16" not-null = "true" />
- < property name = "sex" length = "1" not-null = "true" />
- < property name = "weight" />
- < property name = "image" />
- </ class >
- </ hibernate-mapping >
下面是完整的用Hibernate写入Blob的例子,相比JDBC,已经简单轻松多了,也不用写那些Oracle特殊的sql了:
- package com.fankai;
- import java.sql.Blob;
- import net.sf.hibernate.*;
- import oracle.sql.*;
- import java.io.*;
- public class TestCatHibernate {
- public static void testBlob() {
- Session s = null ;
- byte [] buffer = new byte [ 1 ];
- buffer[ 0 ] = 1 ;
- try {
- SessionFactory sf = HibernateSessionFactory.getSessionFactory();
- s = sf.openSession();
- Transaction tx = s.beginTransaction();
- Cat c = new Cat();
- c.setName( "Robbin" );
- c.setImage(Hibernate.createBlob(buffer));
- s.save(c);
- s.flush();
- s.refresh(c, LockMode.UPGRADE);
- BLOB blob = (BLOB) c.getImage();
- OutputStream out = blob.getBinaryOutputStream();
- String fileName = "oraclejdbc.jar" ;
- File f = new File(fileName);
- FileInputStream fin = new FileInputStream(f);
- int count = - 1 , total = 0 ;
- byte [] data = new byte [( int )fin.available()];
- fin.read(data);
- out.write(data);
- fin.close();
- out.close();
- s.flush();
- tx.commit();
- } catch (Exception e) {
- System.out.println(e.getMessage());
- } finally {
- if (s != null )
- try {
- s.close();
- } catch (Exception e) {}
- }
- }
- }