Day17_1--AJAX学习之GET/POST传参

AJAX 简介

AJAX 是一种在无需重新加载整个网页的情况下,能够更新部分网页的技术。其实AJAX就可以理解为就是JS。通过AJAX也就实现了前后端分离,前端只写页面,后端生成数据!

现在开始通过实例学习:

1--GET传参

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
    <meta charset="UTF-8">
    <title>Title</title>
</head>
<script>
    function ajax2() {
        //0:获取input内容
        let user = document.querySelector(".user").value;
        let pwd = document.querySelector(".pwd").value;
        //1:创建ajax对象
        let xmlHttpRequest = new XMLHttpRequest();
        //2:配置后端请求--get请求参数用?和&来传参数
        xmlHttpRequest.open("get", "/stage1_war_exploded/ajax2?user="+user+"&pwd="+pwd, true)
        //3:发送请求
        xmlHttpRequest.send();
        //4:监听数据是否请求成功
        xmlHttpRequest.onreadystatechange = function () {
            //5:如果服务器成功解析数据则readyState=4,如果后端成功返回数据则state=200
            if (xmlHttpRequest.readyState == 4 && xmlHttpRequest.status == 200) {
                //6:获取后端数据
                let data = xmlHttpRequest.responseText;
                //7:将数据插入前端页面
                document.getElementById("show").innerHTML = data;
            }
        }
    }
    </script>
<body>
<div id="show" style="border: 1px red; width: 200px;height: 100px">
</div>
账号<input type="text" class="user"><br>
密码<input type="text" class="pwd"><br>
<button onclick="ajax2()">提交</button>//当点击按钮后,调用ajax2()方法
</body>
</html>

2--后端获取GET数据

@WebServlet("/ajax2")
public class ajax2 extends HttpServlet {
    @Override
    protected void service(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse resp) throws ServletException, IOException {
        //设置编码
        req.setCharacterEncoding("utf-8");
        resp.setContentType("text/html;charset=utf-8");
        //后端获取get方式的参数就用getParameter
        String user = req.getParameter("user");
        String pwd = req.getParameter("pwd");
        PrintWriter writer = resp.getWriter();
        //将后端数据返回给前端
        writer.write("后端数据来了"+user+"-----"+pwd);
    }
}

3--POST传参

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
    <meta charset="UTF-8">
    <title>Title</title>
</head>
<script>
    function ajax2() {
        //0:获取input内容,装入对象并转换成json字符串
        let user = document.querySelector(".user").value;
        let pwd = document.querySelector(".pwd").value;
        let data={
            user:user,
            pwd:pwd
        }
        let s = JSON.stringify(data);
        //1:创建ajax对象
        let xmlHttpRequest = new XMLHttpRequest();
        //2:配置后端请求
        xmlHttpRequest.open("post", "/ajax_json_war_exploded/post", true);
        //3:发送请求
        //3_1:post请求必须设置请求头--一个单词都不能错:固定写法
        xmlHttpRequest.setRequestHeader("Content-Type", "application/x-www-form-urlencoded");
        //3_2:发送请求和post参数
        xmlHttpRequest.send(s);
        //4:监听数据是否请求成功
        xmlHttpRequest.onreadystatechange = function () {
            //5:如果服务器成功解析数据则readyState=4,如果后端成功返回数据则state=200
            if (xmlHttpRequest.readyState == 4 && xmlHttpRequest.status == 200) {
                //6:获取后端数据
                let data = xmlHttpRequest.responseText;
                //7:将数据插入前端页面
                document.getElementById("show").innerHTML = data;
            }
        }
    }
</script>
<body>
<div id="show" style="border: 1px red; width: 200px;height: 100px">

</div>
账号<input type="text" class="user"><br>
密码<input type="text" class="pwd"><br>
<button onclick="ajax2()">提交</button>
</body>
</html>

4--后端获取POST数据

package ajax;

import com.alibaba.fastjson.JSONObject;

import javax.servlet.ServletException;
import javax.servlet.annotation.WebServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
import java.io.BufferedReader;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStreamReader;
import java.io.PrintWriter;

@WebServlet("/post") // 定义Servlet的URL映射路径为 /post
public class post extends HttpServlet {

    @Override
    protected void service(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse resp) throws ServletException, IOException {
        // 设置请求编码为UTF-8,确保接收的参数不会出现乱码
        req.setCharacterEncoding("utf-8");

        // 设置响应内容类型为HTML并编码为UTF-8,确保返回的内容不会出现乱码
        resp.setContentType("text/html;charset=utf-8");

        // 调用acceptPost方法获取前端发送的JSON数据并转换为JSONObject对象
        JSONObject jsonObject = acceptPost(req);

        // 从JSONObject中获取 "user" 和 "pwd" 的值
        String user = jsonObject.getString("user");
        String pwd = jsonObject.getString("pwd");

        // 获取PrintWriter对象,用于向客户端发送响应
        PrintWriter writer = resp.getWriter();

        // 将 "user" 和 "pwd" 的值写入响应中
        writer.write(user);
        writer.write(pwd);
    }

    /**
     * 接收并解析前端发送的POST请求的JSON数据
     * 
     * @param req HttpServletRequest对象,用于获取请求数据
     * @return 解析后的JSONObject对象,包含前端发送的参数
     */
    public static JSONObject acceptPost(HttpServletRequest req) {
        try {
            // 创建BufferedReader对象,从请求输入流中读取数据
            BufferedReader bufferedReader = new BufferedReader(
                    new InputStreamReader(req.getInputStream(), "utf-8"));

            String data; // 用于临时存储每一行读取的数据
            StringBuilder stringBuilder = new StringBuilder(); // 用于存储整个请求的内容

            // 循环读取请求输入流中的数据,直到读完为止
            while ((data = bufferedReader.readLine()) != null) {
                stringBuilder.append(data);
            }

            // 将读取到的JSON字符串转换为JSONObject对象
            JSONObject jsonObject = JSONObject.parseObject(stringBuilder.toString());

            // 返回转换后的JSONObject对象
            return jsonObject;
        } catch (IOException e) {
            // 捕获IO异常并抛出运行时异常
            throw new RuntimeException(e);
        }
    }
}

<?php defined('ABSPATH') || exit; /** * Robust partial checkout to regular /checkout/ with durable cart snapshot * - Snapshot full cart before virtualizing selection for checkout * - Do not remove anything until order is created * - On success (thank-you), rebuild cart as (snapshot - purchased) * - On cancel/back (visit cart), restore snapshot * - Guest resilience: localStorage + rehydrate AJAX */ /* ------------------------------------------------- * Helpers * ------------------------------------------------- */ function pc_get_cart_uid() { if (is_user_logged_in()) { return 'user_' . get_current_user_id(); } if (empty($_COOKIE['pc_cart_uid'])) { $token = wp_generate_uuid4(); setcookie('pc_cart_uid', $token, time() + YEAR_IN_SECONDS, COOKIEPATH ?: '/', '', is_ssl(), false); $_COOKIE['pc_cart_uid'] = $token; } return 'guest_' . sanitize_text_field(wp_unslash($_COOKIE['pc_cart_uid'])); } function pc_build_item_key($product_id, $variation_id = 0) { return (int)$product_id . '|' . (int)$variation_id; } function pc_snapshot_current_cart() { if (!WC()->cart) wc_load_cart(); $items = array(); foreach (WC()->cart->get_cart() as $ci_key => $ci) { $pid = isset($ci['product_id']) ? (int)$ci['product_id'] : 0; $vid = isset($ci['variation_id']) ? (int)$ci['variation_id'] : 0; $qty = isset($ci['quantity']) ? wc_stock_amount($ci['quantity']) : 0; $var = isset($ci['variation']) && is_array($ci['variation']) ? $ci['variation'] : array(); if ($pid && $qty > 0) { $items[] = array( 'product_id' => $pid, 'variation_id' => $vid, 'variation' => array_map('wc_clean', $var), 'quantity' => $qty, ); } } return $items; } function pc_restore_cart_from_items($items) { if (!WC()->cart) wc_load_cart(); WC()->cart->empty_cart(); foreach ((array)$items as $it) { $pid = isset($it['product_id']) ? (int)$it['product_id'] : 0; $vid = isset($it['variation_id']) ? (int)$it['variation_id'] : 0; $qty = isset($it['quantity']) ? wc_stock_amount($it['quantity']) : 0; $var = isset($it['variation']) && is_array($it['variation']) ? array_map('wc_clean', $it['variation']) : array(); if ($pid && $qty > 0) { WC()->cart->add_to_cart($pid, $qty, $vid, $var); } } WC()->cart->calculate_totals(); } function pc_transient_key($token) { return 'pc_partial_payload_' . sanitize_key($token); } /* ------------------------------------------------- * AJAX: Local rehydrate when Woo cart is empty * ------------------------------------------------- */ add_action('wp_ajax_pc_rehydrate_cart', 'pc_rehydrate_cart'); add_action('wp_ajax_nopriv_pc_rehydrate_cart', 'pc_rehydrate_cart'); function pc_rehydrate_cart() { check_ajax_referer('woocommerce-cart', 'security'); $raw = isset($_POST['items']) ? wp_unslash($_POST['items']) : ''; $items = is_string($raw) ? json_decode($raw, true) : (array)$raw; if (!is_array($items)) { wp_send_json_error(array('message' => 'Invalid items.'), 400); } if (!WC()->cart) wc_load_cart(); if (!WC()->cart->is_empty()) { wp_send_json_success(array('message' => 'Cart not empty.')); } foreach ($items as $it) { $pid = isset($it['product_id']) ? (int)$it['product_id'] : 0; $vid = isset($it['variation_id']) ? (int)$it['variation_id'] : 0; $qty = isset($it['quantity']) ? wc_stock_amount($it['quantity']) : 0; $var = isset($it['variation']) && is_array($it['variation']) ? array_map('wc_clean', $it['variation']) : array(); if ($pid && $qty > 0) { WC()->cart->add_to_cart($pid, $qty, $vid, $var); } } WC()->cart->calculate_totals(); wp_send_json_success(array('rehydrated' => true)); } /* ------------------------------------------------- * AJAX: Update qty (per-row; no page reload) * ------------------------------------------------- */ add_action('wp_ajax_update_cart_item_qty', 'pc_update_cart_item_qty'); add_action('wp_ajax_nopriv_update_cart_item_qty', 'pc_update_cart_item_qty'); function pc_update_cart_item_qty() { check_ajax_referer('woocommerce-cart', 'security'); $key = isset($_POST['cart_item_key']) ? wc_clean(wp_unslash($_POST['cart_item_key'])) : ''; $qty = isset($_POST['qty']) ? wc_stock_amount($_POST['qty']) : null; if (!$key || $qty === null) { wp_send_json_error(array('message' => 'Missing params.'), 400); } if (!WC()->cart) wc_load_cart(); if ($qty <= 0) { $removed = WC()->cart->remove_cart_item($key); WC()->cart->calculate_totals(); wp_send_json_success(array('removed' => (bool)$removed)); } else { $set = WC()->cart->set_quantity($key, $qty, true); WC()->cart->calculate_totals(); $cart_item = WC()->cart->get_cart_item($key); if (!$cart_item) { wp_send_json_error(array('message' => 'Cart item not found after update.'), 404); } $_product = $cart_item['data']; $subtotal_html = apply_filters( 'woocommerce_cart_item_subtotal', WC()->cart->get_product_subtotal($_product, $cart_item['quantity']), $cart_item, $key ); // Use line_total + line_tax (after totals) for checkbox data-price $line_total_incl_tax = (float)($cart_item['line_total'] + $cart_item['line_tax']); wp_send_json_success(array( 'subtotal_html' => $subtotal_html, 'line_total_incl_tax' => $line_total_incl_tax, 'removed' => false, )); } } /* ------------------------------------------------- * AJAX: Remove selected * ------------------------------------------------- */ add_action('wp_ajax_remove_selected_cart_items', 'pc_remove_selected_cart_items'); add_action('wp_ajax_nopriv_remove_selected_cart_items', 'pc_remove_selected_cart_items'); function pc_remove_selected_cart_items() { check_ajax_referer('woocommerce-cart', 'security'); $keys = isset($_POST['selected_items']) ? (array) $_POST['selected_items'] : array(); if (!WC()->cart) wc_load_cart(); foreach ($keys as $k) { $k = wc_clean(wp_unslash($k)); WC()->cart->remove_cart_item($k); } WC()->cart->calculate_totals(); wp_send_json_success(true); } /* ------------------------------------------------- * AJAX: Empty cart * ------------------------------------------------- */ add_action('wp_ajax_empty_cart', 'pc_empty_cart'); add_action('wp_ajax_nopriv_empty_cart', 'pc_empty_cart'); function pc_empty_cart() { check_ajax_referer('woocommerce-cart', 'security'); if (!WC()->cart) wc_load_cart(); WC()->cart->empty_cart(); wp_send_json_success(true); } /* ------------------------------------------------- * AJAX: Apply coupon * ------------------------------------------------- */ add_action('wp_ajax_apply_coupon', 'pc_apply_coupon'); add_action('wp_ajax_nopriv_apply_coupon', 'pc_apply_coupon'); function pc_apply_coupon() { check_ajax_referer('woocommerce-cart', 'security'); $code = isset($_POST['coupon_code']) ? wc_format_coupon_code(wp_unslash($_POST['coupon_code'])) : ''; if (!$code) { wp_send_json_error(array('message' => __('请输入优惠券代码', 'woocommerce')), 400); } if (!WC()->cart) wc_load_cart(); $applied = WC()->cart->apply_coupon($code); WC()->cart->calculate_totals(); if (is_wp_error($applied)) { wp_send_json_error(array('message' => $applied->get_error_message()), 400); } if (!$applied) { wp_send_json_error(array('message' => __('优惠券应用失败', 'woocommerce')), 400); } wp_send_json_success(true); } /* ------------------------------------------------- * AJAX: Start partial checkout to regular checkout page * ------------------------------------------------- */ add_action('wp_ajax_create_direct_order', 'pc_create_direct_order'); add_action('wp_ajax_nopriv_create_direct_order', 'pc_create_direct_order'); function pc_create_direct_order() { check_ajax_referer('woocommerce-cart', 'security'); $selected_keys = isset($_POST['selected_items']) ? (array) $_POST['selected_items'] : array(); if (empty($selected_keys)) { wp_send_json_error(array('message' => __('请选择要结算的商品', 'woocommerce')), 400); } if (!WC()->cart) wc_load_cart(); // Snapshot full cart $snapshot = pc_snapshot_current_cart(); // Build selected items from current cart based on cart_item_key list $selected = array(); foreach (WC()->cart->get_cart() as $ci_key => $ci) { if (!in_array($ci_key, $selected_keys, true)) { continue; } $pid = (int)$ci['product_id']; $vid = (int)$ci['variation_id']; $qty = wc_stock_amount($ci['quantity']); $var = isset($ci['variation']) && is_array($ci['variation']) ? array_map('wc_clean', $ci['variation']) : array(); if ($pid && $qty > 0) { $selected[] = array( 'product_id' => $pid, 'variation_id' => $vid, 'variation' => $var, 'quantity' => $qty, ); } } if (empty($selected)) { wp_send_json_error(array('message' => __('没有可结算的商品', 'woocommerce')), 400); } $token = wp_generate_uuid4(); $payload = array( 'uid' => pc_get_cart_uid(), 'snapshot' => $snapshot, 'selected' => $selected, 'created' => time(), ); set_transient(pc_transient_key($token), $payload, 2 * DAY_IN_SECONDS); // Put token in session (used across checkout AJAX calls) if (method_exists(WC()->session, 'set')) { WC()->session->set('pc_partial_token', $token); } $checkout_url = add_query_arg('pc_token', rawurlencode($token), wc_get_checkout_url()); wp_send_json_success(array('checkout_url' => $checkout_url)); } /* ------------------------------------------------- * Virtualize cart on checkout for token and rebuild after purchase * ------------------------------------------------- */ // Entering checkout with token: virtualize cart to selected items add_action('woocommerce_before_checkout_form', function() { if (!isset($_GET['pc_token'])) return; $token = sanitize_text_field(wp_unslash($_GET['pc_token'])); $payload = get_transient(pc_transient_key($token)); if (empty($payload) || empty($payload['selected'])) return; if (!WC()->cart) wc_load_cart(); // Virtualize to selected items only pc_restore_cart_from_items($payload['selected']); // Persist token in session for all subsequent checkout AJAX calls if (method_exists(WC()->session, 'set')) { WC()->session->set('pc_partial_token', $token); } }, 1); // Safety: just-in-time re-virtualization before order processing add_action('woocommerce_before_checkout_process', function() { if (!method_exists(WC()->session, 'get')) return; $token = WC()->session->get('pc_partial_token'); if (!$token) return; $payload = get_transient(pc_transient_key($token)); if (empty($payload) || empty($payload['selected'])) return; // Ensure cart still equals selected set pc_restore_cart_from_items($payload['selected']); }, 1); // Tag order with token add_action('woocommerce_checkout_create_order', function($order) { $token = null; if (isset($_GET['pc_token'])) { $token = sanitize_text_field(wp_unslash($_GET['pc_token'])); } elseif (method_exists(WC()->session, 'get')) { $token = WC()->session->get('pc_partial_token'); } if ($token) { $order->update_meta_data('_pc_partial_token', $token); $order->update_meta_data('_pc_cart_snapshot', $token); } }, 10, 1); // Fixed: Only remove purchased items from cart add_action('woocommerce_thankyou', function($order_id) { $order = wc_get_order($order_id); if (!$order) return; $token = $order->get_meta('_pc_partial_token'); if (!$token) return; $payload = get_transient(pc_transient_key($token)); if (empty($payload) || empty($payload['snapshot'])) { if (method_exists(WC()->session, 'set')) { WC()->session->set('pc_partial_token', null); } delete_transient(pc_transient_key($token)); return; } // 1. Restore FULL snapshot (all items) pc_restore_cart_from_items($payload['snapshot']); WC()->cart->calculate_totals(); // 2. Remove only the purchased (selected) items foreach ($payload['selected'] as $selected_item) { $cart_item_key = pc_find_cart_item($selected_item['product_id'], $selected_item['variation_id']); if ($cart_item_key) { WC()->cart->remove_cart_item($cart_item_key); } } // 3. Update cart totals WC()->cart->calculate_totals(); // Cleanup token if (method_exists(WC()->session, 'set')) { WC()->session->set('pc_partial_token', null); } delete_transient(pc_transient_key($token)); }, 20); // Helper: Find cart item by product and variation ID function pc_find_cart_item($product_id, $variation_id = 0) { if (!WC()->cart) wc_load_cart(); foreach (WC()->cart->get_cart() as $cart_item_key => $cart_item) { $cart_pid = isset($cart_item['product_id']) ? (int)$cart_item['product_id'] : 0; $cart_vid = isset($cart_item['variation_id']) ? (int)$cart_item['variation_id'] : 0; if ($cart_pid == $product_id && $cart_vid == $variation_id) { return $cart_item_key; } } return false; } // Visiting cart with active token: restore full snapshot (cancel/back) add_action('woocommerce_before_cart', function() { if (!method_exists(WC()->session, 'get')) return; $token = WC()->session->get('pc_partial_token'); if (!$token) return; $payload = get_transient(pc_transient_key($token)); if (empty($payload) || empty($payload['snapshot'])) return; // Restore full snapshot so cart page always shows everything pc_restore_cart_from_items($payload['snapshot']); }, 1); /* ------------------------------------------------- * Keep cart count accurate during checkout process * ------------------------------------------------- */ add_filter('woocommerce_cart_contents_count', function($count) { // Check if partial token exists if (!method_exists(WC()->session, 'get')) return $count; $token = WC()->session->get('pc_partial_token'); if ($token) { $payload = get_transient(p You generated the functions.php halfway and havent generate code for cart.ophp yet. Please coninue from if ($token) { $payload = get_transient(p
最新发布
09-05
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