nginx 安装
本文主讲nginx的安装
nginx的负载均衡，反向代理，gzip压缩配置等，详见：nginx 安装、配置、负载均衡、反向代理<二>
准备工作: 一台能联公网的CentOS 7.x服务器
# root 登录(因为要使用80端口，一般情况下需要root权限)
cd ~
# 新建nginx用户和nginx组
groupadd -r nginx && useradd -r -g nginx -s /bin/false -M nginx
# yum安装nginx必须的依赖库(已安装的会自动监测是否为最新并升级到最新版本)
yum -y install openssl openssl-devel libxml2-devel libxslt-devel perl-devel perl-ExtUtils-Embed
# 官网下载Nginx1.9.0的tar包，然后解压到服务器上
wget -c http://nginx.org/download/nginx-1.9.0.tar.gz
tar -zxf nginx-1.9.0.tar.gz && cd nginx-1.9.0
# 下载pcre的tar包并解压，以便支持Nginx的Rewrite功能
wget -c https://o3cex9zsl.qnssl.com/libs/nginx/pcre-8.36.tar.gz && tar -zxf pcre-8.36.tar.gz
# 下载zlib的tar包并解压，以便支持Nginx的Gzip压缩功能
wget -c https://o3cex9zsl.qnssl.com/libs/nginx/zlib-1.2.8.tar.gz && tar -zxf zlib-1.2.8.tar.gz
# 新建Nginx1.9.0安装时所需要的目录
cd /var/tmp/ && mkdir -p /var/tmp/nginx/{client,proxy,fastcgi,uwsgi,scgi}
mkdir -p /var/run/nginx && cd ~/nginx-1.9.0
# 至此，准备工作基本完成配置安装参数
# 执行 ./configure 命令安装，下面是完整的路径配置和安装，__注意不能有换行__，具体配置含义见文末
./configure --prefix=/usr/share/nginx --sbin-path=/usr/sbin/nginx --conf-path=/etc/nginx/nginx.conf --error-log-path=/var/log/nginx/error.log --http-log-path=/var/log/nginx/access.log --pid-path=/var/run/nginx/nginx.pid --lock-path=/var/lock/nginx.lock --user=nginx --group=nginx --with-http_ssl_module --with-http_spdy_module --with-http_dav_module --with-http_flv_module --with-http_realip_module --with-http_addition_module --with-http_xslt_module --with-http_stub_status_module --with-http_sub_module --with-http_random_index_module --with-http_degradation_module --with-http_secure_link_module --with-http_gzip_static_module --with-http_perl_module --with-pcre=pcre-8.36 --with-zlib=zlib-1.2.8 --with-debug --with-file-aio --with-mail --with-mail_ssl_module --http-client-body-temp-path=/var/tmp/nginx/client_body --http-proxy-temp-path=/var/tmp/nginx/proxy --http-fastcgi-temp-path=/var/tmp/nginx/fastcgi --http-uwsgi-temp-path=/var/tmp/nginx/uwsgi --http-scgi-temp-path=/var/tmp/nginx/scgi --with-stream --with-ld-opt="-Wl,-E"
编译和安装
# 执行make编译，make install 安装（可能需要时间稍微长点儿，几分钟到十几分钟，请耐心等待）
make && make install
# 测试安装是否成功，能显示版本号就说明没问题
nginx -v配置nginx的操作命令和开机自动重启
# 进入root目录
cd ~
# 编辑nginx文件
vi nginx
# 文件内容如下，粘贴时注意核对下有没有漏掉，然后保存退出
# 添加到systemctl初始化目录中
mv ~/nginx /etc/init.d/nginx && chmod +x /etc/init.d/nginx
# 删除不必要的文件夹
rm -rf nginx-1.9.0*
# 添加开机启动
chkconfig --add nginx
chkconfig nginx onnginx命令配置文件的内容
#! /bin/bash
#
# nginx - this script starts and stops the nginx daemon
#
# chkconfig: - 85 15
# description: Nginx is an HTTP(S) server, HTTP(S) reverse \
# proxy and IMAP/POP3 proxy server
#
# processname: nginx
# config: /etc/nginx/nginx.conf
# pidfile: /var/run/nginx/nginx.pid
# Source function library.
. /etc/rc.d/init.d/functions
# Source networking configuration.
. /etc/sysconfig/network
# Check that networking is up.
[ "$NETWORKING" = "no" ] && exit 0
nginx="/usr/sbin/nginx"
prog=$(basename $nginx)
NGINX_CONF_FILE="/etc/nginx/nginx.conf"
[ -f /etc/sysconfig/nginx ] && . /etc/sysconfig/nginx
lockfile=/var/lock/nginx.lock
start() {
[ -x $nginx ] || exit 5
[ -f $NGINX_CONF_FILE ] || exit 6
echo -n $"Starting $prog: "
daemon $nginx -c $NGINX_CONF_FILE
retval=$?
echo
[ $retval -eq 0 ] && touch $lockfile
return $retval
}
stop() {
echo -n $"Stopping $prog: "
killproc $prog -QUIT
retval=$?
echo
[ $retval -eq 0 ] && rm -f $lockfile
return $retval
}
restart() {
configtest || return $?
stop
sleep 1
start
}
reload() {
configtest || return $?
echo -n $"Reloading $prog: "
killproc $nginx -HUP
RETVAL=$?
echo
}
force_reload() {
restart
}
configtest() {
$nginx -t -c $NGINX_CONF_FILE
}
rh_status() {
status $prog
}
rh_status_q() {
rh_status >/dev/null 2>&1
}
case "$1" in
start)
rh_status_q && exit 0
$1
;;
stop)
rh_status_q || exit 0
$1
;;
restart|configtest)
$1
;;
reload)
rh_status_q || exit 7
$1
;;
force-reload)
force_reload
;;
status)
rh_status
;;
condrestart|try-restart)
rh_status_q || exit 0
;;
*)
echo $"Usage: $0 {start|stop|status|restart|condrestart|try-restart|reload|force-reload|configtest}"
exit 2
esac测试安装和配置结果
# nginx 版本
nginx -v
# 启动Nginx服务
systemctl start nginx
# 停止nginx服务
systemctl stop nginx
# 重启Nginx服务
systemctl restart nginx
# 服务的状态（可以查看当前nginx服务是否正常，以及报错原因）
systemctl status nginx
# 检查nginx.conf配置的合法性（一般用于编辑完nginx.conf文件后，看看编辑是否有问题）
nginx -t以上，安装工作完成 =================================================
附：nginx的安装参数详述
| 配置项 | 说明 |
|---|---|
| ./configure | |
| –prefix=/usr/share/nginx | Nginx安装目录 |
| –sbin-path=/usr/sbin/nginx | Nginx的sbin目录 |
| –conf-path=/etc/nginx/nginx.conf | Nginx的配置文件 |
| –error-log-path=/var/log/nginx/error.log | Nginx的错误日志 |
| –http-log-path=/var/log/nginx/access.log | Nginx的访问日志 |
| –pid-path=/var/run/nginx/nginx.pid | Nginx的进程ID |
| –lock-path=/var/lock/nginx.lock | |
| –user=nginx | Nginx所属用户 |
| –group=nginx | Nginx所属用户组 |
| –with-http_ssl_module | Nginx的ssl模块 |
| –with-http_spdy_module[Nginx的Google spdy模块 | |
| –with-http_dav_module | |
| –with-http_flv_module | |
| –with-http_realip_module | |
| –with-http_addition_module | |
| –with-http_xslt_module | |
| –with-http_stub_status_module | |
| –with-http_sub_module | |
| –with-http_random_index_module | |
| –with-http_degradation_module | |
| –with-http_secure_link_module | |
| –with-http_gzip_static_module | Nginx的gzip压缩模块 |
| –with-http_perl_module | |
| –with-pcre=pcre-8.36 | pcre的安装目录 |
| –with-zlib=zlib-1.2.8 | pcre的安装目录 |
| –with-debug | 允许DEBUG |
| –with-file-aio | |
| –with-mail | |
| –with-mail_ssl_module | |
| –http-client-body-temp-path=/var/tmp/nginx/client_body | |
| –http-proxy-temp-path=/var/tmp/nginx/proxy | |
| –http-fastcgi-temp-path=/var/tmp/nginx/fastcgi | |
| –http-uwsgi-temp-path=/var/tmp/nginx/uwsgi | |
| –http-scgi-temp-path=/var/tmp/nginx/scgi | |
| –with-stream | Nginx1.9.0特有的stream模块 |
| –with-ld-opt=”-Wl,-E” | gcc的编译优化 |
+ 参考资料：blog地址https://typecodes.com/web/centos7compilenginx.html
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