SenseVoice Docker Compose部署:一键启动完整语音服务集群
1. 痛点与解决方案
你是否还在为语音识别服务的复杂部署流程而困扰?从环境配置、依赖安装到服务编排,每一步都可能遇到兼容性问题。本文将带你通过Docker Compose实现SenseVoice语音服务集群的一键部署,无需繁琐配置,5分钟即可拥有企业级语音识别能力。
读完本文你将获得:
- 完整的Docker化部署方案
- 高可用的服务集群架构
- 多语言语音识别能力
- 可视化Web界面与API服务
- 性能优化与资源配置指南
2. 部署架构设计
2.1 系统架构图
2.2 服务组件说明
| 组件 | 功能描述 | 技术栈 | 资源需求 |
|---|---|---|---|
| sensevoice-api | 语音识别核心服务 | FastAPI, PyTorch | CPU: 4核, 内存: 8GB |
| nginx | 负载均衡与反向代理 | Nginx Alpine | CPU: 1核, 内存: 256MB |
| WebUI | 可视化管理界面 | Gradio | 共享API资源 |
| 模型服务 | 语音识别模型推理 | SenseVoice模型 | 建议GPU加速 |
3. 部署准备工作
3.1 环境要求
| 环境 | 最低配置 | 推荐配置 |
|---|---|---|
| CPU | 4核 | 8核及以上 |
| 内存 | 8GB | 16GB及以上 |
| 存储 | 10GB空闲空间 | SSD 20GB以上 |
| Docker | 20.10+ | 23.0+ |
| Docker Compose | 2.0+ | 2.10+ |
| 网络 | 可访问Git仓库 | 稳定网络连接 |
3.2 前期准备
# 克隆代码仓库
git clone https://gitcode.com/gh_mirrors/se/SenseVoice
cd SenseVoice
# 创建必要目录
mkdir -p data webui logs nginx/conf.d
4. Docker Compose配置
4.1 docker-compose.yml
version: '3.8'
services:
sensevoice-api:
build:
context: .
dockerfile: Dockerfile
restart: unless-stopped
environment:
- SENSEVOICE_DEVICE=cpu # GPU环境可改为cuda:0
- MODEL_DIR=iic/SenseVoiceSmall
- LOG_LEVEL=INFO
- WORKERS=4
volumes:
- ./data:/app/data
- ./logs:/app/logs
deploy:
resources:
limits:
cpus: '4'
memory: 8G
healthcheck:
test: ["CMD", "curl", "-f", "http://localhost:50000/"]
interval: 30s
timeout: 10s
retries: 3
sensevoice-api-2:
extends: sensevoice-api
depends_on:
- sensevoice-api
sensevoice-api-3:
extends: sensevoice-api
depends_on:
- sensevoice-api
nginx:
image: nginx:alpine
ports:
- "80:80"
- "443:443"
volumes:
- ./nginx/conf.d:/etc/nginx/conf.d
- ./webui:/usr/share/nginx/html
- ./nginx/logs:/var/log/nginx
depends_on:
- sensevoice-api
- sensevoice-api-2
- sensevoice-api-3
restart: unless-stopped
webui:
build:
context: .
dockerfile: Dockerfile.webui
ports:
- "7860:7860"
depends_on:
- sensevoice-api
environment:
- API_URL=http://nginx/api/v1/asr
restart: unless-stopped
4.2 Dockerfile
FROM python:3.9-slim
WORKDIR /app
# 安装系统依赖
RUN apt-get update && apt-get install -y --no-install-recommends \
build-essential \
libsndfile1 \
ffmpeg \
&& rm -rf /var/lib/apt/lists/*
# 复制依赖文件
COPY requirements.txt .
# 安装Python依赖
RUN pip install --no-cache-dir -r requirements.txt -i https://pypi.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/simple
# 复制应用代码
COPY . .
# 暴露端口
EXPOSE 50000
# 启动命令
CMD ["python", "api.py"]
4.3 Nginx配置文件
创建nginx/conf.d/default.conf:
upstream sensevoice_api {
server sensevoice-api:50000;
server sensevoice-api-2:50000;
server sensevoice-api-3:50000;
}
server {
listen 80;
server_name localhost;
access_log /var/log/nginx/access.log;
error_log /var/log/nginx/error.log;
location / {
root /usr/share/nginx/html;
index index.html;
}
location /api/ {
proxy_pass http://sensevoice_api/;
proxy_set_header Host $host;
proxy_set_header X-Real-IP $remote_addr;
proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-For $proxy_add_x_forwarded_for;
proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-Proto $scheme;
}
location /ws/ {
proxy_pass http://sensevoice_api/;
proxy_http_version 1.1;
proxy_set_header Upgrade $http_upgrade;
proxy_set_header Connection "upgrade";
proxy_set_header Host $host;
}
}
5. 一键部署流程
5.1 启动服务集群
# 构建并启动服务
docker-compose up -d --build
# 查看服务状态
docker-compose ps
# 查看日志
docker-compose logs -f sensevoice-api
5.2 服务验证
# 检查API服务是否正常运行
curl http://localhost/api/v1/asr -X POST \
-H "Content-Type: multipart/form-data" \
-F "files=@test.wav" \
-F "lang=zh"
5.3 访问Web界面
打开浏览器访问:http://localhost
6. 性能优化与扩展
6.1 资源配置优化
根据服务器配置调整docker-compose.yml中的资源限制:
deploy:
resources:
limits:
cpus: '8' # 增加CPU核心数
memory: 16G # 增加内存限制
reservations:
cpus: '4'
memory: 8G
6.2 水平扩展
# 扩展API服务节点
docker-compose up -d --scale sensevoice-api=5
# 限制最大扩展数量
docker-compose up -d --scale sensevoice-api=3 sensevoice-api-2=0 sensevoice-api-3=0
6.3 GPU加速配置
services:
sensevoice-api:
deploy:
resources:
reservations:
devices:
- driver: nvidia
count: 1
capabilities: [gpu]
environment:
- SENSEVOICE_DEVICE=cuda:0
7. 日常维护与监控
7.1 日志管理
# 设置日志轮转
echo 'logs/*.log {
daily
missingok
rotate 7
compress
delaycompress
notifempty
}' | sudo tee /etc/logrotate.d/sensevoice
# 手动执行日志轮转
sudo logrotate -f /etc/logrotate.d/sensevoice
7.2 服务更新
# 拉取最新代码
git pull
# 重建并重启服务
docker-compose down
docker-compose up -d --build
7.3 监控指标
8. 常见问题解决
8.1 服务启动失败
# 检查容器日志
docker-compose logs sensevoice-api
# 常见问题:端口冲突
netstat -tulpn | grep 50000
# 解决方案:修改端口映射
sed -i 's/50000:50000/50001:50000/' docker-compose.yml
8.2 模型加载失败
# 检查模型文件
ls -l data/models
# 重新下载模型
docker-compose exec sensevoice-api python -c "from model import SenseVoiceSmall; SenseVoiceSmall.from_pretrained('iic/SenseVoiceSmall')"
8.3 性能瓶颈
9. 总结与展望
通过Docker Compose部署SenseVoice语音服务集群,我们实现了:
- 环境隔离与一致性
- 服务高可用与负载均衡
- 一键部署与快速扩展
- 资源优化与性能监控
未来功能规划:
- 增加模型热更新机制
- 实现多模型版本共存
- 引入Kubernetes管理方案
- 增加监控告警系统
10. 附录:完整配置文件
10.1 docker-compose.yml
version: '3.8'
services:
sensevoice-api:
build:
context: .
dockerfile: Dockerfile
restart: unless-stopped
environment:
- SENSEVOICE_DEVICE=cpu
- MODEL_DIR=iic/SenseVoiceSmall
- LOG_LEVEL=INFO
- WORKERS=4
volumes:
- ./data:/app/data
- ./logs:/app/logs
deploy:
resources:
limits:
cpus: '4'
memory: 8G
healthcheck:
test: ["CMD", "curl", "-f", "http://localhost:50000/"]
interval: 30s
timeout: 10s
retries: 3
sensevoice-api-2:
extends: sensevoice-api
sensevoice-api-3:
extends: sensevoice-api
nginx:
image: nginx:alpine
ports:
- "80:80"
- "443:443"
volumes:
- ./nginx/conf.d:/etc/nginx/conf.d
- ./webui:/usr/share/nginx/html
- ./nginx/logs:/var/log/nginx
depends_on:
- sensevoice-api
- sensevoice-api-2
- sensevoice-api-3
restart: unless-stopped
webui:
build:
context: .
dockerfile: Dockerfile.webui
ports:
- "7860:7860"
depends_on:
- sensevoice-api
environment:
- API_URL=http://nginx/api/v1/asr
restart: unless-stopped
10.2 Dockerfile.webui
FROM python:3.9-slim
WORKDIR /app
COPY requirements.txt .
RUN pip install --no-cache-dir -r requirements.txt -i https://pypi.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/simple
COPY webui.py .
COPY utils ./utils
EXPOSE 7860
CMD ["python", "webui.py"]
11. 收藏与关注
如果本文对你有帮助,请点赞、收藏、关注三连支持!下期我们将介绍如何基于SenseVoice构建实时语音转写系统,敬请期待。
感谢阅读,祝你的语音识别服务部署顺利!
创作声明:本文部分内容由AI辅助生成(AIGC),仅供参考



