edge-tts语音合成API：RESTful接口设计与OpenAPI文档
项目地址: https://gitcode.com/GitHub_Trending/ed/edge-tts 概述
edge-tts是一个强大的Python库，它允许开发者通过Microsoft Edge的在线文本转语音服务生成高质量的语音内容，无需安装Microsoft Edge浏览器、Windows操作系统或API密钥。本文将深入探讨如何为edge-tts设计RESTful API接口并生成完整的OpenAPI文档。
核心功能分析
语音合成服务
edge-tts提供以下核心功能：
- 文本转语音转换：支持多种语言和语音风格
- 语音参数调节：可调整语速、音量和音调
- 字幕生成：自动生成SRT格式的字幕文件
- 批量处理：支持长文本自动分块处理
- 同步/异步接口：提供同步和异步两种调用方式
技术架构
RESTful API设计
基础端点设计
1. 语音列表获取端点
GET /api/v1/voices
Accept: application/json
响应示例：
{
"voices": [
{
"name": "en-US-EmmaMultilingualNeural",
"gender": "Female",
"locale": "en-US",
"categories": ["General"],
"personalities": ["Friendly", "Positive"]
}
],
"total_count": 287
}
2. 语音合成端点
POST /api/v1/synthesize
Content-Type: application/json
请求体：
{
"text": "Hello, world!",
"voice": "en-US-EmmaMultilingualNeural",
"rate": "+0%",
"volume": "+0%",
"pitch": "+0Hz",
"output_format": "mp3",
"include_subtitles": true
}
3. 批量处理端点
POST /api/v1/batch-synthesize
Content-Type: application/json
错误处理设计
| HTTP状态码 | 错误类型 | 描述 |
|---|---|---|
| 400 | Bad Request | 请求参数无效 |
| 403 | Forbidden | 服务访问被拒绝 |
| 429 | Too Many Requests | 请求频率过高 |
| 500 | Internal Server Error | 服务器内部错误 |
OpenAPI 3.0文档设计
基本信息配置
openapi: 3.0.0
info:
title: Edge-TTS RESTful API
description: Microsoft Edge文本转语音服务的RESTful接口
version: 1.0.0
contact:
name: API支持
email: support@example.com
license:
name: MIT
url: https://opensource.org/licenses/MIT
servers:
- url: https://api.example.com/edge-tts
description: 生产环境
- url: https://staging-api.example.com/edge-tts
description: 预发布环境
组件定义
语音模型组件
components:
schemas:
Voice:
type: object
properties:
name:
type: string
example: "en-US-EmmaMultilingualNeural"
gender:
type: string
enum: ["Male", "Female"]
locale:
type: string
example: "en-US"
categories:
type: array
items:
type: string
personalities:
type: array
items:
type: string
required:
- name
- gender
- locale
SynthesisRequest:
type: object
properties:
text:
type: string
minLength: 1
maxLength: 5000
example: "Hello, world!"
voice:
type: string
default: "en-US-EmmaMultilingualNeural"
rate:
type: string
pattern: "^[+-]\\d+%$"
default: "+0%"
volume:
type: string
pattern: "^[+-]\\d+%$"
default: "+0%"
pitch:
type: string
pattern: "^[+-]\\d+Hz$"
default: "+0Hz"
output_format:
type: string
enum: ["mp3", "wav", "ogg"]
default: "mp3"
include_subtitles:
type: boolean
default: false
required:
- text
SynthesisResponse:
type: object
properties:
audio_url:
type: string
format: uri
subtitles_url:
type: string
format: uri
duration_ms:
type: integer
request_id:
type: string
format: uuid
路径操作详细定义
获取语音列表
paths:
/voices:
get:
summary: 获取可用语音列表
description: 返回所有支持的语音配置信息
parameters:
- in: query
name: locale
schema:
type: string
description: 按语言区域过滤语音
- in: query
name: gender
schema:
type: string
enum: ["Male", "Female"]
description: 按性别过滤语音
responses:
'200':
description: 成功返回语音列表
content:
application/json:
schema:
type: object
properties:
voices:
type: array
items:
$ref: '#/components/schemas/Voice'
total_count:
type: integer
'500':
description: 服务器内部错误
语音合成请求
/synthesize:
post:
summary: 文本转语音合成
description: 将文本转换为语音音频文件
requestBody:
required: true
content:
application/json:
schema:
$ref: '#/components/schemas/SynthesisRequest'
responses:
'200':
description: 合成成功
content:
application/json:
schema:
$ref: '#/components/schemas/SynthesisResponse'
'400':
description: 请求参数无效
'429':
description: 请求频率过高
headers:
Retry-After:
schema:
type: integer
description: 重试等待时间（秒）
安全方案设计
API密钥认证
components:
securitySchemes:
ApiKeyAuth:
type: apiKey
in: header
name: X-API-Key
security:
- ApiKeyAuth: []
速率限制配置
x-rate-limit:
requests:
per-minute: 60
per-hour: 1000
burst:
capacity: 10
refill-rate: 1
实现示例代码
FastAPI实现
from fastapi import FastAPI, HTTPException, Depends
from fastapi.security import APIKeyHeader
from pydantic import BaseModel, validator
import edge_tts
import uuid
from typing import Optional, List
app = FastAPI(title="Edge-TTS API", version="1.0.0")
api_key_header = APIKeyHeader(name="X-API-Key")
class VoiceResponse(BaseModel):
name: str
gender: str
locale: str
categories: List[str]
personalities: List[str]
class SynthesisRequest(BaseModel):
text: str
voice: str = "en-US-EmmaMultilingualNeural"
rate: str = "+0%"
volume: str = "+0%"
pitch: str = "+0Hz"
include_subtitles: bool = False
@validator('text')
def validate_text_length(cls, v):
if len(v) > 5000:
raise ValueError('Text too long')
return v
class SynthesisResponse(BaseModel):
audio_url: str
subtitles_url: Optional[str] = None
duration_ms: int
request_id: str
@app.get("/voices", response_model=List[VoiceResponse])
async def get_voices(api_key: str = Depends(api_key_header)):
try:
voices = edge_tts.list_voices()
return [
VoiceResponse(
name=voice.get('Name'),
gender=voice.get('Gender'),
locale=voice.get('Locale'),
categories=voice.get('ContentCategories', []),
personalities=voice.get('VoicePersonalities', [])
)
for voice in voices
]
except Exception as e:
raise HTTPException(status_code=500, detail=str(e))
@app.post("/synthesize", response_model=SynthesisResponse)
async def synthesize_text(
request: SynthesisRequest,
api_key: str = Depends(api_key_header)
):
try:
communicate = edge_tts.Communicate(
text=request.text,
voice=request.voice,
rate=request.rate,
volume=request.volume,
pitch=request.pitch
)
# 这里实现文件保存和URL生成逻辑
request_id = str(uuid.uuid4())
audio_filename = f"{request_id}.mp3"
subtitles_filename = f"{request_id}.srt" if request.include_subtitles else None
await communicate.save(audio_filename, subtitles_filename)
return SynthesisResponse(
audio_url=f"/download/{audio_filename}",
subtitles_url=f"/download/{subtitles_filename}" if subtitles_filename else None,
duration_ms=0, # 需要实际计算
request_id=request_id
)
except Exception as e:
raise HTTPException(status_code=400, detail=str(e))
性能优化策略
缓存机制设计
连接池配置
connection_pool:
max_size: 100
max_connections_per_host: 10
keep_alive_timeout: 300
connection_timeout: 10
read_timeout: 30
监控和日志
监控指标
| 指标名称 | 类型 | 描述 |
|---|---|---|
| tts_requests_total | Counter | 总请求数 |
| tts_requests_duration_seconds | Histogram | 请求处理时间 |
| tts_errors_total | Counter | 错误总数 |
| tts_cache_hits_total | Counter | 缓存命中数 |
日志格式
{
"timestamp": "2024-01-15T10:30:00Z",
"level": "INFO",
"request_id": "uuid",
"endpoint": "/synthesize",
"duration_ms": 150,
"text_length": 25,
"voice": "en-US-EmmaMultilingualNeural"
}
部署架构
云原生部署方案
总结
本文详细介绍了edge-tts的RESTful API接口设计和OpenAPI文档规范。通过合理的API设计、完善的错误处理机制、安全认证方案和性能优化策略，可以构建出稳定可靠的文本转语音服务API。这种设计不仅适用于edge-tts，也可以为其他类似的语音合成服务提供参考架构。
关键要点包括：
- 遵循RESTful设计原则，保持接口简洁一致
- 提供完整的OpenAPI文档，便于客户端集成
- 实现多层次的安全防护和速率限制
- 设计合理的缓存和性能优化策略
- 建立完善的监控和日志系统
这种API设计能够满足大多数企业级应用的需求，为开发者提供稳定、高效的文本转语音服务。
创作声明：本文部分内容由AI辅助生成（AIGC），仅供参考
