Security Onion API开发指南：自定义集成与自动化操作接口详解
项目地址: https://gitcode.com/GitHub_Trending/se/securityonion 引言：为什么需要Security Onion API开发
在当今复杂的网络安全环境中，企业需要快速响应威胁并实现安全运营的自动化。Security Onion作为一款开源的威胁狩猎和安全监控平台，提供了丰富的API接口，允许用户进行自定义集成和自动化操作。通过这些API，您可以将Security Onion与其他安全工具无缝对接，构建更强大的安全生态系统。
API接口概述
Security Onion提供了多种API接口，用于不同的功能模块。以下是几个核心API模块及其对应的实现文件：
- OTX API：用于与AlienVault OTX威胁情报平台集成
- MalwareBazaar API：用于查询恶意软件样本信息
- Elastic Defend Filters API：用于管理Elastic Defend的过滤规则
OTX API集成详解
OTX API允许Security Onion查询AlienVault OTX的威胁情报数据。以下是使用OTX API的基本步骤：
1. API配置
首先，需要在配置文件中设置API密钥：
headers = {"X-OTX-API-KEY": conf["api_key"]}
2. 构建请求
根据不同的 artifact 类型（IP、URL、域名、哈希）构建相应的请求：
def buildReq(conf, artifact_type, artifact_value):
headers = {"X-OTX-API-KEY": conf["api_key"]}
base_url = conf['base_url']
if artifact_type == "ip":
uri = "indicators/IPv4/"
elif artifact_type == "url":
uri = "indicators/url/"
elif artifact_type == "domain":
uri = "indicators/domain/"
elif artifact_type == "hash":
uri = "indicators/file/"
section = "/general"
url = base_url + uri + artifact_value + section
return url, headers
3. 发送请求并处理响应
使用requests库发送API请求，并对响应进行处理：
def sendReq(url, headers):
response = requests.request('GET', url, headers=headers)
return response.json()
def prepareResults(response):
if len(response) != 0:
raw = response
if 'reputation' in raw:
reputation = raw["reputation"]
if reputation == 0:
status = "ok"
summaryinfo = "harmless"
elif reputation > 0 and reputation < 50:
status = "ok"
summaryinfo = "likely_harmless"
elif reputation >= 50 and reputation < 75:
status = "caution"
summaryinfo = "suspicious"
elif reputation >= 75 and reputation <= 100:
status = "threat"
summaryinfo = "malicious"
else:
status = "info"
summaryinfo = "analyzer_analysis_complete"
else:
raw = {}
status = "caution"
summaryinfo = "internal_failure"
results = {'response': raw, 'status': status, 'summary': summaryinfo}
return results
MalwareBazaar API使用指南
MalwareBazaar API提供了查询恶意软件样本信息的功能。以下是使用该API的关键步骤：
1. 构建请求
根据不同的 observable 类型构建查询请求：
def buildReq(observ_type, observ_value):
# determine correct query type to send based off of observable type
unique_types = {'gimphash': 1, 'telfhash': 1, 'tlsh': 1}
if observ_type in unique_types:
qtype = 'get_' + observ_type
else:
qtype = 'get_info'
return {'query': qtype, observ_type: observ_value}
2. 发送请求并解析结果
def sendReq(meta, query):
# send a post request with our compiled query to the API
url = meta['baseUrl']
response = requests.post(url, query)
return response.json()
def prepareResults(raw):
# parse raw API response, gauge threat level
# and return status and a short summary
if raw == {}:
status = 'caution'
summary = 'internal_failure'
elif raw['query_status'] == 'ok':
parsed = raw['data'][0]
vendor_data = parsed['vendor_intel']
# 处理逻辑省略...
# compute status
if score >= 75 or isInJson(raw, 'MALICIOUS'.lower(), 1001):
status = 'threat'
elif score >= 50:
status = 'caution'
elif score >= 25:
status = 'info'
else:
status = 'ok'
elif raw['query_status'] != 'ok':
status = 'info'
summary = 'no result'
return {'response': raw, 'summary': summary, 'status': status}
Elastic Defend Filters API操作
Elastic Defend Filters API用于管理Elastic Defend的过滤规则，实现安全事件的精准过滤和告警。
1. API请求函数
# Generalized API request function
def api_request(method, guid, username, password, json_data=None):
headers = {
'kbn-xsrf': 'true',
'Content-Type': 'application/json'
}
auth = HTTPBasicAuth(username, password)
if method == "POST":
url = "http://localhost:5601/api/exception_lists/items?namespace_type=agnostic"
else:
url = f"http://localhost:5601/api/exception_lists/items?item_id={guid}&namespace_type=agnostic"
response = requests.request(method, url, headers=headers, auth=auth, json=json_data)
if response.status_code in [200, 201]:
return response.json() if response.content else True
elif response.status_code == 404 and method == "GET":
return None
else:
print(f"Error with {method} request: {response.status_code} - {response.text}")
return False
2. 规则管理
该API还提供了规则的加载、解析和生成功能：
def load_yaml_files(*dirs):
yaml_files = []
for dir_path in dirs:
if os.path.isdir(dir_path):
# Recurse through the directory and subdirectories
for root, dirs, files in os.walk(dir_path):
for file_name in files:
if file_name.endswith(".yaml"):
full_path = os.path.join(root, file_name)
with open(full_path, 'r') as f:
try:
yaml_content = yaml.safe_load(f)
yaml_files.append(yaml_content)
except yaml.YAMLError as e:
print(f"Error loading {full_path}: {e}")
else:
print(f"Invalid directory: {dir_path}")
return yaml_files
API调用示例
以下是一个完整的OTX API调用示例，用于查询IP地址的威胁情报：
def main():
dir = os.path.dirname(os.path.realpath(__file__))
parser = argparse.ArgumentParser(description='Search Alienvault OTX for a given artifact')
parser.add_argument('artifact', help='the artifact represented in JSON format')
parser.add_argument('-c', '--config', metavar="CONFIG_FILE", default=dir + "/otx.yaml", help='optional config file to use instead of the default config file')
args = parser.parse_args()
if args.artifact:
results = analyze(helpers.loadConfig(args.config), args.artifact)
print(json.dumps(results))
自定义API集成最佳实践
1. 错误处理
在API调用过程中，务必实现完善的错误处理机制：
def checkConfigRequirements(conf):
if "api_key" not in conf or len(conf['api_key']) == 0:
sys.exit(126)
else:
return True
2. 性能优化
对于频繁调用的API，建议实现缓存机制，减少重复请求：
# 伪代码示例
def get_cached_data(artifact_type, artifact_value, ttl=3600):
cache_key = f"{artifact_type}:{artifact_value}"
if cache_key in cache and time.time() - cache[cache_key]['timestamp'] < ttl:
return cache[cache_key]['data']
# 否则调用API获取数据并更新缓存
data = fetch_from_api(artifact_type, artifact_value)
cache[cache_key] = {'data': data, 'timestamp': time.time()}
return data
3. 安全考虑
- 始终使用HTTPS协议进行API通信
- 实现API密钥的安全存储，避免硬编码
- 对API请求进行速率限制，防止滥用
总结与展望
Security Onion提供的API接口为安全运营自动化和自定义集成提供了强大的支持。通过OTX API、MalwareBazaar API和Elastic Defend Filters API等接口，用户可以构建灵活高效的安全自动化工作流。
随着Security Onion的不断发展，未来将提供更多API接口，涵盖平台的各个功能模块。建议开发者关注项目的更新日志，及时了解新API的发布情况。
参考资料
创作声明：本文部分内容由AI辅助生成（AIGC），仅供参考
