Solon-Flow流程测试:从入门到精通的完整指南
还在为复杂的业务流程测试而头疼吗?Solon-Flow作为Java通用流程编排框架,提供了强大的测试能力。本文将带你全面掌握Solon-Flow的流程测试技巧,从基础配置到高级场景,一文解决所有测试难题。
读完本文,你将获得:
- ✅ Solon-Flow测试框架的核心概念
- ✅ 无状态流程测试的完整实践
- ✅ 有状态流程测试的深度解析
- ✅ 表达式和条件分支的测试策略
- ✅ 并行处理和事件广播的测试方法
1. Solon-Flow测试框架概述
Solon-Flow提供了完整的测试支持,包括无状态和有状态两种流程测试模式。测试框架基于JUnit 5构建,支持多种配置方式和丰富的断言功能。
1.1 核心测试组件
2. 无状态流程测试实践
无状态流程适用于计算任务编排和业务规则处理,测试相对简单直接。
2.1 基础流程测试示例
@Test
public void case1() throws Throwable {
// 创建组件容器
MapContainer mapContainer = new MapContainer();
mapContainer.putComponent("a", (c, o) -> {
((List) c.getAs("log")).add(o.getTitle());
});
// 初始化流程引擎
FlowEngine flow = FlowEngine.newInstance();
flow.register(new SimpleFlowDriver(mapContainer));
flow.load(Chain.parseByUri("classpath:flow/flow_case8.chain.yml"));
// 创建测试上下文
FlowContext context = FlowContext.of();
context.put("log", new ArrayList<>());
context.put("dataType", "1");
// 执行流程
flow.eval("f8", context);
// 验证执行结果
String log = context.getAs("log").toString();
System.out.println(log);
assert "[数据预处理, 元数据填充, 瞬时数据, 构建转发数据, Http转发, Mqtt转发]".equals(log);
}
2.2 测试流程配置文件
对应的YAML流程配置:
id: f8
title: 运动数据处理流程
layout:
- {title: 开始, type: start}
- {title: 数据预处理, id: s1, task: '@a'}
- {title: 元数据填充, id: s2, task: '@a'}
- {title: 排他, id: s3, type: exclusive,
link:[
{nextId: s3_1},
{nextId: s3_2, when: '"type1".equals(dataType)'}
]
}
- {title: 瞬时数据, id: s3_1, link: s4, task: '@a'}
- {title: 并行, id: s3_2, type: parallel,
link: [s3_2_1, s3_2_2]
}
- {title: 汇总数据, id: s3_2_1, link: s4, task: '@a'}
- {title: 汇总统计, id: s3_2_2, link: end, task: '@a'}
- {title: 构建转发数据, id: s4, link: s5, task: '@a'}
- {title: 并行, id: s5, type: parallel,
link: [s5_1, s5_2]
}
- {title: Http转发, id: s5_1, link: end, task: '@a'}
- {title: Mqtt转发, id: s5_2, link: end, task: '@a'}
- {title: 结束, id: end, type:end}
2.3 条件分支测试策略
@Test
public void testConditionalBranches() throws Throwable {
MapContainer container = new MapContainer();
container.putComponent("processor", (context, node) -> {
List<String> path = context.getAs("executionPath");
path.add(node.getId());
});
FlowEngine engine = FlowEngine.newInstance(new SimpleFlowDriver(container));
engine.load(Chain.parseByUri("classpath:flow/conditional.chain.yml"));
// 测试分支1
FlowContext context1 = FlowContext.of();
context1.put("executionPath", new ArrayList<>());
context1.put("condition", "branch1");
engine.eval("conditional", context1);
assert context1.getAs("executionPath").toString().contains("branch1");
// 测试分支2
FlowContext context2 = FlowContext.of();
context2.put("executionPath", new ArrayList<>());
context2.put("condition", "branch2");
engine.eval("conditional", context2);
assert context2.getAs("executionPath").toString().contains("branch2");
}
3. 有状态流程测试深度解析
有状态流程适用于办公审批和长时间运行流程,测试更加复杂。
3.1 有状态流程测试框架
@Test
public void case1() throws Throwable {
// 初始化有状态服务
FlowStatefulService statefulService = buildStatefulService();
FlowContext context;
StatefulTask statefulNode;
// 测试用户权限验证
context = getContext("刘涛");
statefulNode = statefulService.getTask(chainId, context);
assert statefulNode != null;
assert "step1".equals(statefulNode.getNode().getId());
assert StateType.WAITING == statefulNode.getState();
// 提交操作并验证状态转换
context.put("oaState", 2);
statefulService.postOperation(statefulNode.getNode(), Operation.FORWARD, context);
// 验证下一个用户的任务
context = getContext("陈鑫");
statefulNode = statefulService.getTask(chainId, context);
assert "step3".equals(statefulNode.getNode().getId());
assert StateType.WAITING == statefulNode.getState();
}
3.2 有状态流程配置
id: sf1
layout:
- {id: step1, title: "发起审批", meta: {actor: "刘涛", form: "form1"}}
- {id: step2, title: "抄送", meta: {cc: "吕方"}, task: "@OaMetaProcessCom"}
- {id: step3, title: "审批", meta: {actor: "陈鑫", cc: "吕方"}, task: "@OaMetaProcessCom"}
- {id: step4, title: "审批", type: "parallel", link: [step4_1, step4_2]}
- {id: step4_1, meta: {actor: "陈宇"}, link: step4_end}
- {id: step4_2, meta: {actor: "吕方"}, link: step4_end}
- {id: step4_end, type: "parallel"}
- {id: step5, title: "抄送", meta: {cc: "吕方"}, task: "@OaMetaProcessCom"}
- {id: step6, title: "结束", type: "end"}
3.3 并行处理测试
@Test
public void testParallelProcessing() throws Throwable {
FlowStatefulService service = buildStatefulService();
// 推进到并行节点
FlowContext context = getContext("刘涛");
StatefulTask task = service.getTask(chainId, context);
service.postOperation(task.getNode(), Operation.FORWARD, context);
context = getContext("陈鑫");
task = service.getTask(chainId, context);
service.postOperation(task.getNode(), Operation.FORWARD, context);
// 验证并行任务
context = getContext(null);
Collection<StatefulTask> tasks = service.getTasks(chainId, context);
assert tasks.size() == 2;
// 验证各个并行分支的权限
context = getContext("陈宇");
tasks = service.getTasks(chainId, context);
assert 1 == tasks.stream().filter(n -> n.getState() == StateType.WAITING).count();
}
4. 表达式和脚本测试
Solon-Flow支持丰富的表达式和脚本功能,测试时需要特别注意。
4.1 表达式测试示例
@Test
public void testExpressionEvaluation() throws Throwable {
MapContainer container = new MapContainer();
container.putComponent("scoreCalculator", (context, node) -> {
Order order = context.getAs("order");
// 基于表达式的分数计算逻辑
});
FlowEngine engine = FlowEngine.newInstance(new SimpleFlowDriver(container));
engine.load(Chain.parseByUri("classpath:flow/scoring.chain.yml"));
// 测试不同金额的评分规则
Order order100 = new Order(100);
FlowContext context100 = FlowContext.of().put("order", order100);
engine.eval("scoring", context100);
assert order100.getScore() == 0;
Order order300 = new Order(300);
FlowContext context300 = FlowContext.of().put("order", order300);
engine.eval("scoring", context300);
assert order300.getScore() == 100;
}
4.2 脚本流程配置
id: scoring
layout:
- {type: "start"}
- {when: "order.getAmount() >= 100", task: "order.setScore(0);"}
- {when: "order.getAmount() > 100 && order.getAmount() <= 500",
task: "order.setScore(100);"}
- {when: "order.getAmount() > 500 && order.getAmount() <= 1000",
task: "order.setScore(500);"}
- {type: "end"}
5. 事件广播和回调测试
5.1 事件测试框架
@Test
public void testEventBroadcast() throws Throwable {
MapContainer container = new MapContainer();
List<String> receivedEvents = new ArrayList<>();
container.putComponent("eventHandler", (context, node) -> {
// 模拟事件处理
receivedEvents.add("event_processed");
});
FlowEngine engine = FlowEngine.newInstance(new SimpleFlowDriver(container));
engine.load(Chain.parseByUri("classpath:flow/event_demo.chain.yml"));
FlowContext context = FlowContext.of();
context.put("eventLog", receivedEvents);
engine.eval("event_demo", context);
assert receivedEvents.size() > 0;
assert receivedEvents.contains("event_processed");
}
6. 测试最佳实践
6.1 测试组织结构
6.2 测试数据管理策略
| 测试类型 | 数据管理方式 | 清理策略 |
|---|---|---|
| 无状态流程 | 每次测试创建新上下文 | 自动垃圾回收 |
| 有状态流程 | 使用唯一实例ID | 显式调用clearState |
| 并行测试 | 隔离的上下文实例 | 分别清理 |
| 集成测试 | 共享测试数据库 | 事务回滚 |
6.3 断言和验证模式
// 路径验证模式
assertExecutionPath(context, "步骤1", "步骤2", "步骤3");
// 状态验证模式
assertNodeState(task, "step1", StateType.WAITING);
// 数据验证模式
assertContextData(context, "result", expectedValue);
// 权限验证模式
assertUserHasAccess(user, task, true);
7. 常见测试陷阱和解决方案
7.1 状态管理问题
问题: 有状态测试中的状态污染 解决方案: 使用唯一的实例ID和及时清理
@Test
public void testWithCleanState() throws Throwable {
String instanceId = Utils.uuid(); // 生成唯一ID
FlowContext context = FlowContext.of(instanceId, controller, repository);
try {
// 执行测试
// ...
} finally {
// 清理状态
statefulService.clearState(chainId, context);
}
}
7.2 表达式解析问题
问题: 表达式中的变量作用域 解决方案: 明确变量传递和上下文管理
// 明确设置所有需要的变量
context.put("order", order);
context.put("user", user);
context.put("timestamp", System.currentTimeMillis());
8. 性能测试和基准测试
8.1 基准测试示例
@Benchmark
public void benchmarkSimpleFlow() {
FlowEngine engine = FlowEngine.newInstance();
engine.load(Chain.parseByUri("classpath:flow/benchmark.chain.yml"));
FlowContext context = FlowContext.of();
engine.eval("benchmark", context);
}
@Test
public void testPerformanceUnderLoad() {
// 模拟并发测试
IntStream.range(0, 1000).parallel().forEach(i -> {
try {
benchmarkSimpleFlow();
} catch (Exception e) {
// 处理异常
}
});
}
总结
Solon-Flow提供了强大而灵活的流程测试框架,无论是简单的无状态流程还是复杂的有状态审批流程,都能得到充分的测试覆盖。通过本文的指南,你应该能够:
- 掌握核心测试概念:理解无状态和有状态测试的区别
- 实施完整测试策略:从单元测试到集成测试的全覆盖
- 处理复杂场景:并行处理、条件分支、事件广播等
- 避免常见陷阱:状态管理、表达式解析等问题
- 进行性能优化:基准测试和并发测试方法
记住良好的测试实践是确保流程可靠性的关键。合理组织测试代码,及时清理测试状态,明确断言条件,这样才能构建出健壮可靠的流程应用。
下一步行动:
- 尝试为你的业务流程编写测试用例
- 探索更多的测试场景和边界条件
- 参与社区贡献,分享你的测试经验
期待你在Solon-Flow的测试之旅中取得丰硕成果!
创作声明:本文部分内容由AI辅助生成(AIGC),仅供参考



