Design a data structure that supports all following operations in average O(1) time.
Note: Duplicate elements are allowed.
insert(val)
: Inserts an item val to the collection.remove(val)
: Removes an item val from the collection if present.getRandom
: Returns a random element from current collection of elements. The probability of each element being returned is linearly related to the number of same value the collection contains.
Example:
// Init an empty collection. RandomizedCollection collection = new RandomizedCollection(); // Inserts 1 to the collection. Returns true as the collection did not contain 1. collection.insert(1); // Inserts another 1 to the collection. Returns false as the collection contained 1. Collection now contains [1,1]. collection.insert(1); // Inserts 2 to the collection, returns true. Collection now contains [1,1,2]. collection.insert(2); // getRandom should return 1 with the probability 2/3, and returns 2 with the probability 1/3. collection.getRandom(); // Removes 1 from the collection, returns true. Collection now contains [1,2]. collection.remove(1); // getRandom should return 1 and 2 both equally likely. collection.getRandom();
class RandomizedCollection {
private:
unordered_map<int,unordered_set<int>>dict;
vector<int>nums;
public:
/** Initialize your data structure here. */
RandomizedCollection() {
}
/** Inserts a value to the collection. Returns true if the collection did not already contain the specified element. */
bool insert(int val) {
dict[val].insert(nums.size());
nums.push_back(val);
return dict[val].size()==1;
}
/** Removes a value from the collection. Returns true if the collection contained the specified element. */
bool remove(int val) {
if(dict.find(val)==dict.end()) return false;
auto it=dict[val].begin();
swap(nums[*it],nums.back());
dict[nums[*it]].erase(nums.size()-1);
dict[nums[*it]].insert(*it);
nums.pop_back();
dict[val].erase(it);
if(dict[val].empty()) dict.erase(val);
return true;
}
/** Get a random element from the collection. */
int getRandom() {
return nums[rand()%nums.size()];
}
};
/**
* Your RandomizedCollection object will be instantiated and called as such:
* RandomizedCollection obj = new RandomizedCollection();
* bool param_1 = obj.insert(val);
* bool param_2 = obj.remove(val);
* int param_3 = obj.getRandom();
*/