Android源代码仓库及其管理工具Repo分析

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本文深入探讨了Android源代码管理工具Repo,包括Repo与Git的关系、Repo仓库、Manifest仓库以及AOSP子项目仓库的管理。Repo通过自动化处理简化了Android项目的分支管理和代码操作。它由一系列Python脚本组成,依赖于Git进行版本控制。Manifest仓库存储AOSP子项目的Git仓库元信息,Repo脚本通过HTTP协议获取并管理这些信息,实现对AOSP项目的克隆和更新。

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软件工程由于需要不断迭代开发,因此要对源代码进行版本管理。Android源代码工程(AOSP)也不例外,它采用Git来进行版本管理。AOSP作为一个大型开放源代码工程,由许许多多子项目组成,因此不能简单地用Git进行管理,它在Git的基础上建立了一套自己的代码仓库,并且使用工具Repo进行管理。工欲善其事,必先利其器。本文就对AOSP代码仓库及其管理工具repo进行分析,以便提高我们日常开发效率。


       现代的代码版本管理工具,SVN和Git是最流行的。SVN是一种集中式的代码管理工具,需要有一个中心服务器,而Git是一种分布式的代码管理工具。不需要一个中心服务器。不需要中心服务器意味着在没有网络的情况下,Git也能进行版本管理。因此,单从这一点出发,Git就比SVN要方便很多。当然,Git和SVN相比,还有许多不同的理念设计,但是总的来说,Git越来越受到大家的青睐,尤其是在开源社区。君不见,Linux是采用Git进行版本管理,而越来越火的GitHub,提供也是Git代码管理服务。本文不打算分析Git与SVN的区别,以及Git的使用方法,不过强烈建议大家先去了解Git,然后再看下面的内容。这里推荐一本Git书籍《Pro Git》,它是GitHub的员工

To make edits to changes after they have been uploaded, you should use a tool like git rebase -i or git commit --amend to update your local commits. After your edits are complete: Make sure the updated branch is the currently checked out branch. For each commit in the series, enter the Gerrit change ID inside the brackets: # Replacing from branch foo [ 3021 ] 35f2596c Refactor part of GetUploadableBranches to lookup one specific... [ 2829 ] ec18b4ba Update proto client to support patch set replacments # Insert change numbers in the brackets to add a new patch set. # To create a new change record, leave the brackets empty. After the upload is complete the changes will have an additional Patch Set. If you only want to upload the currently checked out Git branch, you can use the flag --current-branch (or --cbr for short). diff repo diff [<PROJECT_LIST>] Shows outstanding changes between commit and working tree using git diff. download repo download <TARGET> <CHANGE> Downloads the specified change from the review system and makes it available in your project's local working directory. For example, to download change 23823 into your platform/build directory: repo download platform/build 23823 A repo sync should effectively remove any commits retrieved via repo download. Or, you can check out the remote branch; e.g., git checkout m/master. Note: There is a slight mirroring lag between when a change is visible on the web in Gerrit and when repo download will be able to find it for all users, because of replication delays to all servers worldwide. forall repo forall [<PROJECT_LIST>] -c <COMMAND> Executes the given shell command in each project. The following additional environment variables are made available by repo forall: REPO_PROJECT is set to the unique name of the project. REPO_PATH is the path relative to the root of the client. REPO_REMOTE is the name of the remote system from the manifest. REPO_LREV is the name of the revision from the manifest, translated to a local tracking branch. Used if you need to pass the manifest revision to a locally executed git command. REPO_RREV is the name of the revision from the manifest, exactly as written in the manifest. Options: -c: command and arguments to execute. The command is evaluated through /bin/sh and any arguments after it are passed through as shell positional parameters. -p: show project headers before output of the specified command. This is achieved by binding pipes to the command's stdin, stdout, and sterr streams, and piping all output into a continuous stream that is displayed in a single pager session. -v: show messages the command writes to stderr. prune repo prune [<PROJECT_LIST>] Prunes (deletes) topics that are already merged. start repo start <BRANCH_NAME> [<PROJECT_LIST>] Begins a new branch for development, starting from the revision specified in the manifest. The <BRANCH_NAME> argument should provide a short description of the change you are trying to make to the projects.If you don't know, consider using the name default. The <PROJECT_LIST> specifies which projects will participate in this topic branch. Note: "." is a useful shorthand for the project in the current working directory. status repo status [<PROJECT_LIST>] Compares the working tree to the staging area (index) and the most recent commit on this branch (HEAD) in each project specified. Displays a summary line for each file where there is a difference between these three states. To see the status for only the current branch, run repo status. The status information will be listed by project. For each file in the project, a two-letter code is used: In the first column, an uppercase letter indicates how the staging area differs from the last committed state. letter meaning description - no change same in HEAD and index A added not in HEAD, in index M modified in HEAD, modified in index D deleted in HEAD, not in index R renamed not in HEAD, path changed in index C copied not in HEAD, copied from another in index T mode changed same content in HEAD and index, mode changed U unmerged conflict between HEAD and index; resolution required In the second column, a lowercase letter indicates how the working directory differs from the index. letter meaning description - new/unknown not in index, in work tree m modified in index, in work tree, modified d deleted in index, not in work tree Was this page helpful? Let us know how we did:
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