http://www.cnblogs.com/onekey/archive/2004/08/25/36513.html
在.net中提供了一些类来显示和控制Windows系统上的服务,并可以实现对远程计算机服务服务的访问,如System.ServiceProcess命名空间下面的ServiceController 类,System.Management下面的一些WMI操作的类。虽然用ServiceController可以很方便的实现对服务的控制,而且很直观、简洁和容易理解。但是我认为他的功能同通过WMI来操作服务相比,那可能就有些单一了,并且对多个服务的操作可能就比较麻烦,也无法列出系统中的所有服务的具体数据。这里要讲的就是如何使用System.Management组件来操作远程和本地计算机上的服务。
WMI作为Windows 2000操作系统的一部分提供了可伸缩的,可扩展的管理架构.公共信息模型(CIM)是由分布式管理任务标准协会(DMTF)设计的一种可扩展的、面向对象的架构,用于管理系统、网络、应用程序、数据库和设备。Windows管理规范也称作CIM for Windows,提供了统一的访问管理信息的方式。如果需要获取详细的WMI信息请读者查阅MSDN。System.Management组件提供对大量管理信息和管理事件集合的访问,这些信息和事件是与根据 Windows 管理规范 (WMI) 结构对系统、设备和应用程序设置检测点有关的。
但是上面并不是我们最关心的,下面才是我们需要谈的话题。
毫无疑问,我们要引用System.Management.Dll程序集,并要使用System.Management命名空间下的类,如ManagementClass,ManagementObject等。下面用一个名为Win32ServiceManager的类把服务的一些相关操作包装了一下,代码如下:
using
System; using
System.Management; namespace
ZZ.Wmi
{ public class Win32ServiceManager { private string strPath; private ManagementClass managementClass; public Win32ServiceManager(): this ( " . " , null , null ) { } public Win32ServiceManager( string host, string userName, string password) { this .strPath = " // " + host + " /root/cimv2:Win32_Service " ; this .managementClass = new ManagementClass(strPath); if (userName != null && userName.Length > 0 ) { ConnectionOptions connectionOptions = new ConnectionOptions(); connectionOptions.Username = userName; connectionOptions.Password = password; ManagementScope managementScope = new ManagementScope( " // " + host + " /root/cimv2 " ,connectionOptions) ; this .managementClass.Scope = managementScope; } } // 验证是否能连接到远程计算机 public static bool RemoteConnectValidate( string host, string userName, string password) { ConnectionOptions connectionOptions = new ConnectionOptions(); connectionOptions.Username = userName; connectionOptions.Password = password; ManagementScope managementScope = new ManagementScope( " // " + host + " /root/cimv2 " ,connectionOptions) ; try { managementScope.Connect(); } catch { } return managementScope.IsConnected; } // 获取指定服务属性的值 public object GetServiceValue( string serviceName, string propertyName) { ManagementObject mo = this .managementClass.CreateInstance(); mo.Path = new ManagementPath( this .strPath + " .Name=" " + serviceName + " " " ); return mo[propertyName]; } // 获取所连接的计算机的所有服务数据 public string [,] GetServiceList() { string [,] services = new string [ this .managementClass.GetInstances().Count, 4 ]; int i = 0 ; foreach (ManagementObject mo in this .managementClass.GetInstances()) { services[i, 0 ] = ( string )mo[ " Name " ]; services[i, 1 ] = ( string )mo[ " DisplayName " ]; services[i, 2 ] = ( string )mo[ " State " ]; services[i, 3 ] = ( string )mo[ " StartMode " ]; i ++ ; } return services; } // 获取所连接的计算机的指定服务数据 public string [,] GetServiceList( string serverName) { return GetServiceList( new string [] {serverName} ); } // 获取所连接的计算机的的指定服务数据 public string [,] GetServiceList( string [] serverNames) { string [,] services = new string [serverNames.Length, 4 ]; ManagementObject mo = this .managementClass.CreateInstance(); for ( int i = 0 ;i < serverNames.Length;i ++ ) { mo.Path = new ManagementPath( this .strPath + " .Name=" " + serverNames[i] + " " " ); services[i, 0 ] = ( string )mo[ " Name " ]; services[i, 1 ] = ( string )mo[ " DisplayName " ]; services[i, 2 ] = ( string )mo[ " State " ]; services[i, 3 ] = ( string )mo[ " StartMode " ]; } return services; } // 停止指定的服务 public string StartService( string serviceName) { string strRst = null ; ManagementObject mo = this .managementClass.CreateInstance(); mo.Path = new ManagementPath( this .strPath + " .Name=" " + serviceName + " " " ); try { if (( string )mo[ " State " ] == " Stopped " ) // !(bool)mo["AcceptStop"] mo.InvokeMethod( " StartService " , null ); } catch (ManagementException e) { strRst = e.Message; } return strRst; } // 暂停指定的服务 public string PauseService( string serviceName) { string strRst = null ; ManagementObject mo = this .managementClass.CreateInstance(); mo.Path = new ManagementPath( this .strPath + " .Name=" " + serviceName + " " " ); try { // 判断是否可以暂停 if (( bool )mo[ " acceptPause " ] && ( string )mo[ " State " ] == " Running " ) mo.InvokeMethod( " PauseService " , null ); } catch (ManagementException e) { strRst = e.Message; } return strRst; } // 恢复指定的服务 public string ResumeService( string serviceName) { string strRst = null ; ManagementObject mo = this .managementClass.CreateInstance(); mo.Path = new ManagementPath( this .strPath + " .Name=" " + serviceName + " " " ); try { // 判断是否可以恢复 if (( bool )mo[ " acceptPause " ] && ( string )mo[ " State " ] == " Paused " ) mo.InvokeMethod( " ResumeService " , null ); } catch (ManagementException e) { strRst = e.Message; } return strRst; } // 停止指定的服务 public string StopService( string serviceName) { string strRst = null ; ManagementObject mo = this .managementClass.CreateInstance(); mo.Path = new ManagementPath( this .strPath + " .Name=" " + serviceName + " " " ); try { // 判断是否可以停止 if (( bool )mo[ " AcceptStop " ]) // (string)mo["State"]=="Running" mo.InvokeMethod( " StopService " , null ); } catch (ManagementException e) { strRst = e.Message; } return strRst; } } }
在Win32ServiceManager中通过RemoteConnectValidate静态方法来测试连接成功与否;另外提供了GetServiceValue方法和GetServiceList方法以及它的重载来获取服务信息;后面的四个方法就是对服务的状态控制了。
下面建立一个简单的窗口来使用它。
大致的界面如下:
通过vs.net 2003可以很快做出上面的窗体,下面列出了一些增加的代码:
using
ZZ.Wmi; namespace
ZZForm
{ public class Form1 : System.Windows.Forms.Form { // …… private Win32ServiceManager serviceManager; public Form1() { InitializeComponent(); this .serviceManager = null ; } // …… [STAThread] static void Main() { Application.Run( new Form1()); } // 修改服务状态 private void buttonChangeState_Click( object sender, System.EventArgs e) { switch (((Button)sender).Text) { case " 启动 " : string startRst = this .serviceManager.StartService( this .listViewService.SelectedItems[ 0 ].SubItems[ 0 ].Text); if (startRst == null ) MessageBox.Show( " 操作成功,请点击获取刷新按钮刷新结果! " ); else MessageBox.Show(startRst); break ; case " 暂停 " : string startPause = this .serviceManager.PauseService( this .listViewService.SelectedItems[ 0 ].SubItems[ 0 ].Text); if (startPause == null ) MessageBox.Show( " 操作成功,请点击获取刷新按钮刷新结果! " ); else MessageBox.Show(startPause); break ; case " 继续 " : string startResume = this .serviceManager.ResumeService( this .listViewService.SelectedItems[ 0 ].SubItems[ 0 ].Text); if (startResume == null ) MessageBox.Show( " 操作成功,请点击获取刷新按钮刷新结果! " ); else MessageBox.Show(startResume); break ; case " 停止 " : string startStop = this .serviceManager.StopService( this .listViewService.SelectedItems[ 0 ].SubItems[ 0 ].Text); if (startStop == null ) MessageBox.Show( " 操作成功,请点击获取刷新按钮刷新结果! " ); else MessageBox.Show(startStop); break ; } } // 获取和刷新数据 private void buttonLoadRefresh_Click( object sender, System.EventArgs e) { if ( this .textBoxHost.Text.Trim().Length > 0 ) { if ( this .textBoxHost.Text.Trim() == " . " ) { this .serviceManager = new Win32ServiceManager(); } else { if (Win32ServiceManager.RemoteConnectValidate( this .textBoxHost.Text.Trim(), this .textBoxName.Text.Trim(), this .textBoxPassword.Text.Trim())) { this .serviceManager = new Win32ServiceManager( this .textBoxHost.Text.Trim(), this .textBoxName.Text.Trim(), this .textBoxPassword.Text.Trim()); } else { MessageBox.Show( " 连接到远程计算机验证错误. " ); return ; } } string [,] services = serviceManager.GetServiceList(); this .listViewService.BeginUpdate(); this .listViewService.Items.Clear(); for ( int i = 0 ;i < services.GetLength( 0 );i ++ ) { ListViewItem item = new ListViewItem( new string [] {services[i, 0 ],services[i, 1 ],services[i, 2 ],services[i, 3 ]} ); this .listViewService.Items.Add(item); } this .listViewService.EndUpdate(); } else MessageBox.Show(" 请输入计算机名或IP地址 " ); } } }
说明,其实一个服务的属性和方法除了上面这几个还有很多,我们可以通过实例化ManagementClass类,使用它的Properties属性和Methods属性列出所有的属性和方法。上面的Win32ServiceManager中生成的每个服务实例都是ManagementObejct类型的,其实还有一种强类型的类,可以通过编程和工具来生成。
总结,通过引用System.Management命名空间,上面简单的实现了通过访问/root/cimv2:Win32_Service名称空间对服务进行显示和操作。此外,我们还可以通过访问其他名称空间来访问计算机的一些硬件信息,软件信息以及网络等,有兴趣的读者可以研究一下。