SpringBoot整合RabbitMQ

最新推荐文章于 2024-02-19 10:33:27 发布

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本文详细介绍如何在Spring Boot项目中整合RabbitMQ，包括配置依赖、设置参数、定义交换机与队列、实现生产者与消费者等功能。通过具体代码示例，帮助读者快速上手并理解RabbitMQ在微服务架构中的应用。

1.导入pom依赖

        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-amqp</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId>
        </dependency>

2.配置

（1）application.yml

server:
  port: 44000
spring:
  application:
    name: test‐rabbitmq‐producer
  rabbitmq:
    host: 127.0.0.1
    port: 5672
    username: guest
    password: guest
    virtualHost: /

（2）定义RabbitConfig类

配置Exchange、Queue、及绑定交换机

本例配置Topic交换机

@Configuration
public class RabbitmqConfig {
    public static final String QUEUE_INFORM_EMAIL = "queue_inform_email";
    public static final String QUEUE_INFORM_SMS = "queue_inform_sms";
    public static final String EXCHANGE_TOPICS_INFORM = "exchange_topics_inform";
    public static final String ROUTINGKEY_EMAIL = "inform.#.email.#";
    public static final String ROUTINGKEY_SMS = "inform.#.sms.#";

    //声明交换机
    @Bean(EXCHANGE_TOPICS_INFORM)
    public Exchange EXCHANGE_TOPICS_INFORM() {
        //durable(true) 持久化，mq重启之后交换机还在
        return ExchangeBuilder.topicExchange(EXCHANGE_TOPICS_INFORM).durable(true).build();
    }

    //声明QUEUE_INFORM_EMAIL队列
    @Bean(QUEUE_INFORM_EMAIL)
    public Queue QUEUE_INFORM_EMAIL() {
        return new Queue(QUEUE_INFORM_EMAIL);
    }

    //声明QUEUE_INFORM_SMS队列
    @Bean(QUEUE_INFORM_SMS)
    public Queue QUEUE_INFORM_SMS() {
        return new Queue(QUEUE_INFORM_SMS);
    }

    //ROUTINGKEY_EMAIL队列绑定交换机，指定routingKey
    @Bean
    public Binding BINDING_QUEUE_INFORM_EMAIL(@Qualifier(QUEUE_INFORM_EMAIL) Queue queue,
                                              @Qualifier(EXCHANGE_TOPICS_INFORM) Exchange exchange) {
        return BindingBuilder.bind(queue).to(exchange).with(ROUTINGKEY_EMAIL).noargs();
    }

    //ROUTINGKEY_SMS队列绑定交换机，指定routingKey
    @Bean
    public Binding BINDING_ROUTINGKEY_SMS(@Qualifier(QUEUE_INFORM_SMS) Queue queue,
                                          @Qualifier(EXCHANGE_TOPICS_INFORM) Exchange exchange) {
        return BindingBuilder.bind(queue).to(exchange).with(ROUTINGKEY_SMS).noargs();
    }

}

（3）生产者

@SpringBootTest
@RunWith(SpringRunner.class)
public class Producer05_topics_springboot {
    @Autowired
    RabbitTemplate rabbitTemplate;

    //使用rabbitTemplate发送消息
    @Test
    public void testSendEmail(){

        String message = "send email message to user";
        /**
         * 参数：
         * 1、交换机名称
         * 2、routingKey
         * 3、消息内容
         */
        rabbitTemplate.convertAndSend(RabbitmqConfig.EXCHANGE_TOPICS_INFORM,"inform.email",message);

    }
}

（4）消费者

@Component
public class ReceiveHandler {

    @RabbitListener(queues = {RabbitmqConfig.QUEUE_INFORM_EMAIL})
    public void send_email(String msg,Message message,Channel channel){
        System.out.println("receive message is:"+msg);
    }

}