在 openEuler 全字符界面下,使用 官网虚拟机磁盘镜像qcow2文件新建虚拟机

在 openEuler 全字符界面下,使用操作系统官网的虚拟机磁盘镜像 qcow2 文件新建虚拟机并配置网络信息,可按以下步骤操作。

一、前提条件

1、安装虚拟化下相关软件包

    确保系统已安装 qemu - kvm、libvirt、virt - install 等虚拟化相关工具,若未安装,可通过以下命令安装:
dnf install qemu-kvm libvirt virt-install bridge-utils -y

[root@localhost ~]# dnf install qemu-kvm libvirt virt-install bridge-utils -y       
Last metadata expiration check: 3:23:44 ago on Wed 18 Jun 2025 01:13:15 PM CST.
Dependencies resolved.
==========================================================================================================================================================================================================================================
 Package                                                                       Architecture                               Version                                                   Repository                                       Size
==========================================================================================================================================================================================================================================
Installing:
 bridge-utils                                                                  aarch64                                    1.7.1-2.oe2203sp4                                         My_openEuler                                     28 k
 libvirt                                                                       aarch64                                    6.2.0-65.oe2203sp4                                        My_openEuler                                    9.9 k
 qemu                                                                          aarch64                                    10:6.2.0-95.oe2203sp4                                     My_openEuler                                    6.6 M
 virt-install                                                                  noarch                                     2.1.0-10.oe2203sp4                                        My_openEuler                                     21 k
Installing dependencies:
 CUnit                                                                         aarch64                                    2.1.3-24.oe2203sp4                                        My_openEuler                                     87 k
 augeas                                                                        aarch64                                    1.13.0-5.oe2203sp4                                        My_openEuler                                    361 k
 autogen                                                                       aarch64                                    5.18.16-3.oe2203sp4                                       My_openEuler                                    452 k
 cryptsetup                                                                    aarch64                                    2.4.1-5.oe2203sp4                                         My_openEuler                                    944 k
 dnsmasq                                                                       aarch64                                    2.86-8.oe2203sp4                                          My_openEuler                                    220 k
 dtc                                                                           aarch64                                    1.6.1-3.oe2203sp4                                         My_openEuler                                     88 k
 ebtables                                                                      aarch64                                    2.0.11-11.oe2203sp4                                       My_openEuler                                     76 k
 fmt                                                                           aarch64                                    8.0.1-2.oe2203sp4                                         My_openEuler                                     94 k
 genisoimage                                                                   aarch64                                    1.1.11-51.oe2203sp4                                       My_openEuler                                    259 k
 glusterfs                                                                     aarch64                                    10.0-9.oe2203sp4                                          My_openEuler                                    489 k
 glusterfs-cli                                                                 aarch64                                    10.0-9.oe2203sp4                                          My_openEuler                                    155 k
 glusterfs-client-xlators                                                      aarch64                                    10.0-9.oe2203sp4                                          My_openEuler                                    730 k
 glusterfs-fuse                                                                aarch64                                    10.0-9.oe2203sp4                                          My_openEuler                                    114 k
 gnutls-utils                                                                  aarch64                                    3.7.2-15.oe2203sp4                                        My_openEuler                                    234 k
 gssproxy                                                                      aarch64                                    0.9.1-3.oe2203sp4                                         My_openEuler                                     86 k
 keyutils                                                                      aarch64                                    1.6.3-4.oe2203sp4                                         My_openEuler                                     50 k
 krb5                                                                          aarch64                                    1.19.2-16.oe2203sp4                                       My_openEuler                                     76 k
 libargon2                                                                     aarch64                                    20190702-3.oe2203sp4                                      My_openEuler                                     23 k
 libdrm                                                                        aarch64                                    2.4.109-7.oe2203sp4                                       My_openEuler                                    107 k
 libgfapi0                                                                     aarch64                                    10.0-9.oe2203sp4                                          My_openEuler                                     72 k
 libgfrpc0                                                                     aarch64                                    10.0-9.oe2203sp4                                          My_openEuler                                     45 k
 libgfxdr0                                                                     aarch64                                    10.0-9.oe2203sp4                                          My_openEuler                                     21 k
 libglusterd0                                                                  aarch64                                    10.0-9.oe2203sp4                                          My_openEuler                                    6.9 k
 libglusterfs0                                                                 aarch64                                    10.0-9.oe2203sp4                                          My_openEuler                                    247 k
 libiscsi                                                                      aarch64                                    1.19.0-10.oe2203sp4                                       My_openEuler                                     81 k
 libosinfo                                                                     aarch64                                    1.10.0-1.oe2203sp4                                        My_openEuler                                    251 k
 libpciaccess                                                                  aarch64                                    0.16-3.oe2203sp4                                          My_openEuler                                     20 k
 librados2                                                                     aarch64                                    2:16.2.7-20.oe2203sp4                                     My_openEuler                                    3.2 M
 librbd1                                                                       aarch64                                    2:16.2.7-20.oe2203sp4                                     My_openEuler                                    2.6 M
 libslirp                                                                      aarch64                                    4.7.0-2.oe2203sp4                                         My_openEuler                                     63 k
 libssh2                                                                       aarch64                                    1.10.0-6.oe2203sp4                                        My_openEuler                                    169 k
 liburing                                                                      aarch64                                    0.7-3.oe2203sp4                                           My_openEuler                                     19 k
 libusal                                                                       aarch64                                    1.1.11-51.oe2203sp4                                       My_openEuler                                     59 k
 libvirt-bash-completion                                                       aarch64                                    6.2.0-65.oe2203sp4                                        My_openEuler                                     11 k
 libvirt-client                                                                aarch64                                    6.2.0-65.oe2203sp4                                        My_openEuler                                    292 k
 libvirt-daemon                                                                aarch64                                    6.2.0-65.oe2203sp4                                        My_openEuler                                    256 k
 libvirt-daemon-config-network                                                 aarch64                                    6.2.0-65.oe2203sp4                                        My_openEuler                                     12 k
 libvirt-daemon-config-nwfilter                                                aarch64                                    6.2.0-65.oe2203sp4                                        My_openEuler                                     16 k
 libvirt-daemon-driver-interface                                               aarch64                                    6.2.0-65.oe2203sp4                                        My_openEuler                                    132 k
 libvirt-daemon-driver-network                                                 aarch64                                    6.2.0-65.oe2203sp4                                        My_openEuler                                    155 k
 libvirt-daemon-driver-nodedev                                                 aarch64                                    6.2.0-65.oe2203sp4                                        My_openEuler                                    132 k
 libvirt-daemon-driver-nwfilter                                                aarch64                                    6.2.0-65.oe2203sp4                                        My_openEuler                                    153 k
 libvirt-daemon-driver-qemu                                                    aarch64                                    6.2.0-65.oe2203sp4                                        My_openEuler                                    690 k
 libvirt-daemon-driver-secret                                                  aarch64                                    6.2.0-65.oe2203sp4                                        My_openEuler                                    123 k
 libvirt-daemon-driver-storage                                                 aarch64                                    6.2.0-65.oe2203sp4                                        My_openEuler                                    9.8 k
 libvirt-daemon-driver-storage-core                                            aarch64                                    6.2.0-65.oe2203sp4                                        My_openEuler                                    168 k
 libvirt-daemon-driver-storage-disk                                            aarch64                                    6.2.0-65.oe2203sp4                                        My_openEuler                                     19 k
 libvirt-daemon-driver-storage-gluster                                         aarch64                                    6.2.0-65.oe2203sp4                                        My_openEuler                                     22 k
 libvirt-daemon-driver-storage-iscsi                                           aarch64                                    6.2.0-65.oe2203sp4                                        My_openEuler                                     17 k
 libvirt-daemon-driver-storage-iscsi-direct                                    aarch64                                    6.2.0-65.oe2203sp4                                        My_openEuler                                     19 k
 libvirt-daemon-driver-storage-logical                                         aarch64                                    6.2.0-65.oe2203sp4                                        My_openEuler                                     20 k
 libvirt-daemon-driver-storage-mpath                                           aarch64                                    6.2.0-65.oe2203sp4                                        My_openEuler                                     15 k
 libvirt-daemon-driver-storage-rbd                                             aarch64                                    6.2.0-65.oe2203sp4                                        My_openEuler                                     24 k
 libvirt-daemon-driver-storage-scsi                                            aarch64                                    6.2.0-65.oe2203sp4                                        My_openEuler                                     17 k
 libvirt-libs                                                                  aarch64                                    6.2.0-65.oe2203sp4                                        My_openEuler                                    3.9 M
 libxslt                                                                       aarch64                                    1.1.37-1.oe2203sp4                                        My_openEuler                                    162 k
 lttng-ust                                                                     aarch64                                    2.10.1-11.oe2203sp4                                       My_openEuler                                    172 k
 lzop                                                                          aarch64                                    1.04-3.oe2203sp4                                          My_openEuler                                     41 k
 mesa-libgbm                                                                   aarch64                                    21.3.1-6.oe2203sp4                                        My_openEuler                                     27 k
 multipath-tools                                                               aarch64                                    0.8.7-12.oe2203sp4                                        My_openEuler                                    287 k
 netcf                                                                         aarch64                                    0.2.8-20.oe2203sp4                                        My_openEuler                                     67 k
 nfs-utils                                                                     aarch64                                    2:2.5.4-15.oe2203sp4                                      My_openEuler                                    283 k
 nmap                                                                          aarch64                                    2:7.92-9.oe2203sp4                                        My_openEuler                                    5.8 M
 numad                                                                         aarch64                                    0.5-33.oe2203sp4                                          My_openEuler                                     27 k
 open-iscsi                                                                    aarch64                                    2.1.5-14.oe2203sp4                                        My_openEuler                                    291 k
 open-isns                                                                     aarch64                                    0.101-3.oe2203sp4                                         My_openEuler                                    125 k
 osinfo-db                                                                     aarch64                                    20220214-3.oe2203sp4                                      My_openEuler                                    254 k
 osinfo-db-tools                                                               aarch64                                    1.10.0-1.oe2203sp4                                        My_openEuler                                     45 k
 python3-argcomplete                                                           noarch                                     2.0.0-1.oe2203sp4                                         My_openEuler                                     57 k
 python3-chardet                                                               noarch                                     5.0.0-2.oe2203sp4                                         My_openEuler                                    226 k
 python3-charset-normalizer                                                    noarch                                     2.0.12-1.oe2203sp4                                        My_openEuler                                     72 k
 python3-idna                                                                  noarch                                     3.2-4.oe2203sp4                                           My_openEuler                                     87 k
 python3-libvirt                                                               aarch64                                    6.2.0-6.oe2203sp4                                         My_openEuler                                    287 k
 python3-libxml2                                                               aarch64                                    2.9.14-13.oe2203sp4                                       My_openEuler                                    218 k
 python3-pysocks                                                               noarch                                     1.7.1-2.oe2203sp4                                         My_openEuler                                     30 k
 python3-requests                                                              noarch                                     2.26.0-8.oe2203sp4                                        My_openEuler                                    104 k
 python3-urllib3                                                               noarch                                     1.26.12-6.oe2203sp4                                       My_openEuler                                    202 k
 qemu-block-curl                                                               aarch64                                    10:6.2.0-95.oe2203sp4                                     My_openEuler                                     48 k
 qemu-block-iscsi                                                              aarch64                                    10:6.2.0-95.oe2203sp4                                     My_openEuler                                     53 k
 qemu-hw-usb-host                                                              aarch64                                    10:6.2.0-95.oe2203sp4                                     My_openEuler                                     55 k
 qemu-img                                                                      aarch64                                    10:6.2.0-95.oe2203sp4                                     My_openEuler                                    2.5 M
 quota                                                                         aarch64                                    1:4.06-7.oe2203sp4                                        My_openEuler                                    222 k
 radvd                                                                         aarch64                                    2.19-2.oe2203sp4                                          My_openEuler                                     60 k
 rdma-core                                                                     aarch64                                    41.0-25.oe2203sp4                                         My_openEuler                                    820 k
 rpcbind                                                                       aarch64                                    1.2.6-7.oe2203sp4                                         My_openEuler                                     41 k
 systemd-container                                                             aarch64                                    249-81.oe2203sp4                                          My_openEuler                                    201 k
 virglrenderer                                                                 aarch64                                    0.8.2-3.oe2203sp4                                         My_openEuler                                    169 k
 virt-manager-common                                                           noarch                                     2.1.0-10.oe2203sp4                                        My_openEuler                                    1.0 M
 yajl                                                                          aarch64                                    2.1.0-20.oe2203sp4                                        My_openEuler                                     29 k
Installing weak dependencies:
 libiscsi-utils                                                                aarch64                                    1.19.0-10.oe2203sp4                                       My_openEuler                                    153 k
 nfs-utils-help                                                                aarch64                                    2:2.5.4-15.oe2203sp4                                      My_openEuler                                     95 k
 numad-help                                                                    noarch                                     0.5-33.oe2203sp4                                          My_openEuler                                    6.8 k
 open-isns-help                                                                noarch                                     0.101-3.oe2203sp4                                         My_openEuler                                     20 k

Transaction Summary
==========================================================================================================================================================================================================================================
Install  97 Packages

Total download size: 38 M
Installed size: 170 M
Downloading Packages:
(1/97): CUnit-2.1.3-24.oe2203sp4.aarch64.rpm  
...                                                                                                                                                            
Installed:
  CUnit-2.1.3-24.oe2203sp4.aarch64                                          augeas-1.13.0-5.oe2203sp4.aarch64                                                autogen-5.18.16-3.oe2203sp4.aarch64                                        
  bridge-utils-1.7.1-2.oe2203sp4.aarch64                                    cryptsetup-2.4.1-5.oe2203sp4.aarch64                                             dnsmasq-2.86-8.oe2203sp4.aarch64                                           
  dtc-1.6.1-3.oe2203sp4.aarch64                                             ebtables-2.0.11-11.oe2203sp4.aarch64                                             fmt-8.0.1-2.oe2203sp4.aarch64                                              
  genisoimage-1.1.11-51.oe2203sp4.aarch64                                   glusterfs-10.0-9.oe2203sp4.aarch64                                               glusterfs-cli-10.0-9.oe2203sp4.aarch64                                     
  glusterfs-client-xlators-10.0-9.oe2203sp4.aarch64                         glusterfs-fuse-10.0-9.oe2203sp4.aarch64                                          gnutls-utils-3.7.2-15.oe2203sp4.aarch64                                    
  gssproxy-0.9.1-3.oe2203sp4.aarch64                                        keyutils-1.6.3-4.oe2203sp4.aarch64                                               krb5-1.19.2-16.oe2203sp4.aarch64                                           
  libargon2-20190702-3.oe2203sp4.aarch64                                    libdrm-2.4.109-7.oe2203sp4.aarch64                                               libgfapi0-10.0-9.oe2203sp4.aarch64                                         
  libgfrpc0-10.0-9.oe2203sp4.aarch64                                        libgfxdr0-10.0-9.oe2203sp4.aarch64                                               libglusterd0-10.0-9.oe2203sp4.aarch64                                      
  libglusterfs0-10.0-9.oe2203sp4.aarch64                                    libiscsi-1.19.0-10.oe2203sp4.aarch64                                             libiscsi-utils-1.19.0-10.oe2203sp4.aarch64                                 
  libosinfo-1.10.0-1.oe2203sp4.aarch64                                      libpciaccess-0.16-3.oe2203sp4.aarch64                                            librados2-2:16.2.7-20.oe2203sp4.aarch64                                    
  librbd1-2:16.2.7-20.oe2203sp4.aarch64                                     libslirp-4.7.0-2.oe2203sp4.aarch64                                               libssh2-1.10.0-6.oe2203sp4.aarch64                                         
  liburing-0.7-3.oe2203sp4.aarch64                                          libusal-1.1.11-51.oe2203sp4.aarch64                                              libvirt-6.2.0-65.oe2203sp4.aarch64                                         
  libvirt-bash-completion-6.2.0-65.oe2203sp4.aarch64                        libvirt-client-6.2.0-65.oe2203sp4.aarch64                                        libvirt-daemon-6.2.0-65.oe2203sp4.aarch64                                  
  libvirt-daemon-config-network-6.2.0-65.oe2203sp4.aarch64                  libvirt-daemon-config-nwfilter-6.2.0-65.oe2203sp4.aarch64                        libvirt-daemon-driver-interface-6.2.0-65.oe2203sp4.aarch64                 
  libvirt-daemon-driver-network-6.2.0-65.oe2203sp4.aarch64                  libvirt-daemon-driver-nodedev-6.2.0-65.oe2203sp4.aarch64                         libvirt-daemon-driver-nwfilter-6.2.0-65.oe2203sp4.aarch64                  
  libvirt-daemon-driver-qemu-6.2.0-65.oe2203sp4.aarch64                     libvirt-daemon-driver-secret-6.2.0-65.oe2203sp4.aarch64                          libvirt-daemon-driver-storage-6.2.0-65.oe2203sp4.aarch64                   
  libvirt-daemon-driver-storage-core-6.2.0-65.oe2203sp4.aarch64             libvirt-daemon-driver-storage-disk-6.2.0-65.oe2203sp4.aarch64                    libvirt-daemon-driver-storage-gluster-6.2.0-65.oe2203sp4.aarch64           
  libvirt-daemon-driver-storage-iscsi-6.2.0-65.oe2203sp4.aarch64            libvirt-daemon-driver-storage-iscsi-direct-6.2.0-65.oe2203sp4.aarch64            libvirt-daemon-driver-storage-logical-6.2.0-65.oe2203sp4.aarch64           
  libvirt-daemon-driver-storage-mpath-6.2.0-65.oe2203sp4.aarch64            libvirt-daemon-driver-storage-rbd-6.2.0-65.oe2203sp4.aarch64                     libvirt-daemon-driver-storage-scsi-6.2.0-65.oe2203sp4.aarch64              
  libvirt-libs-6.2.0-65.oe2203sp4.aarch64                                   libxslt-1.1.37-1.oe2203sp4.aarch64                                               lttng-ust-2.10.1-11.oe2203sp4.aarch64                                      
  lzop-1.04-3.oe2203sp4.aarch64                                             mesa-libgbm-21.3.1-6.oe2203sp4.aarch64                                           multipath-tools-0.8.7-12.oe2203sp4.aarch64                                 
  netcf-0.2.8-20.oe2203sp4.aarch64                                          nfs-utils-2:2.5.4-15.oe2203sp4.aarch64                                           nfs-utils-help-2:2.5.4-15.oe2203sp4.aarch64                                
  nmap-2:7.92-9.oe2203sp4.aarch64                                           numad-0.5-33.oe2203sp4.aarch64                                                   numad-help-0.5-33.oe2203sp4.noarch                                         
  open-iscsi-2.1.5-14.oe2203sp4.aarch64                                     open-isns-0.101-3.oe2203sp4.aarch64                                              open-isns-help-0.101-3.oe2203sp4.noarch                                    
  osinfo-db-20220214-3.oe2203sp4.aarch64                                    osinfo-db-tools-1.10.0-1.oe2203sp4.aarch64                                       python3-argcomplete-2.0.0-1.oe2203sp4.noarch                               
  python3-chardet-5.0.0-2.oe2203sp4.noarch                                  python3-charset-normalizer-2.0.12-1.oe2203sp4.noarch                             python3-idna-3.2-4.oe2203sp4.noarch                                        
  python3-libvirt-6.2.0-6.oe2203sp4.aarch64                                 python3-libxml2-2.9.14-13.oe2203sp4.aarch64                                      python3-pysocks-1.7.1-2.oe2203sp4.noarch                                   
  python3-requests-2.26.0-8.oe2203sp4.noarch                                python3-urllib3-1.26.12-6.oe2203sp4.noarch                                       qemu-10:6.2.0-95.oe2203sp4.aarch64                                         
  qemu-block-curl-10:6.2.0-95.oe2203sp4.aarch64                             qemu-block-iscsi-10:6.2.0-95.oe2203sp4.aarch64                                   qemu-hw-usb-host-10:6.2.0-95.oe2203sp4.aarch64                             
  qemu-img-10:6.2.0-95.oe2203sp4.aarch64                                    quota-1:4.06-7.oe2203sp4.aarch64                                                 radvd-2.19-2.oe2203sp4.aarch64                                             
  rdma-core-41.0-25.oe2203sp4.aarch64                                       rpcbind-1.2.6-7.oe2203sp4.aarch64                                                systemd-container-249-81.oe2203sp4.aarch64                                 
  virglrenderer-0.8.2-3.oe2203sp4.aarch64                                   virt-install-2.1.0-10.oe2203sp4.noarch                                           virt-manager-common-2.1.0-10.oe2203sp4.noarch                              
  yajl-2.1.0-20.oe2203sp4.aarch64                                          

Complete!
[root@localhost ~]# systemctl 
2、启动并设置 libvirtd 开机自启

systemctl start libvirtd
systemctl enable libvirtd

 二、使用 qcow 文件新建虚拟机

1. 准备 qcow 镜像文件

确保已有可用的 qcow 格式虚拟机镜像文件(openEuler-24.03-LTS-aarch64.qcow2 )。


2. 使用 virt-install 命令创建虚拟机

virt-install \
  --name=oe2403 \  # 虚拟机名称,自定义,如 my_openeuler_vm
  --vcpus=2 \       # CPU 核心数,按需调整
  --ram=2048 \      # 内存大小,单位 MB,按需调整
  --disk path=/path/to/your_image.qcow2,format=qcow2 \  # qcow 镜像文件路径
  --network bridge=virbr0,model=virtio \  # 网络桥接,使用 virbr0 网桥(默认虚拟网桥), virtio 模式
  --machine virt \  # 明确机器类型
  --noacpi \  # 若仍有 ACPI 冲突,尝试禁用(部分系统可能不需要)
  --force \         # 强制创建,若有同名虚拟机存在则覆盖
  --autostart \     # 开机自启虚拟机
  --noautoconsole  # 不自动连接控制台(全字符界面下适用)



例如:

[root@localhost opt]# virt-install --name=oe2403 --vcpus=2 --ram=2048  --disk path=/opt/openEuler-24.03-LTS-aarch64.qcow2,format=qcow2  --network bridge=virbr0,model=virtio  --import  --machine virt  --noacpi  --force  --autostart --noautoconsole           
Starting install...
Domain creation completed.

执行后,虚拟机开始创建,可通过 virsh list --all 查看虚拟机状态。
[root@localhost opt]# virsh list --all 
 Id   Name     State
------------------------
 1    oe2403   running


三、查看虚拟机网络信息

1. 进入虚拟机控制台

使用 virsh console 命令进入虚拟机控制台:

virsh console vm_name  # vm_name 替换为实际虚拟机名称
实例:
[root@localhost opt]# virsh console oe2403

可以看到虚拟机通过桥接网络已自动获取到一个私网IP:192。168。122。7

登录虚拟机(若为新镜像,需先完成系统初始化配置,设置用户名、密码等 )。

2. . 验证网络

通过 ping 命令测试网络连通性,如 ping www.baidu.com 或 ping 宿主机 / 其他同网段设备 IP,检查是否能正常通信。

可以看到虚拟机能正常访问外部网络。虚拟机创建完成。 

<think>嗯,用户想压缩qcow2格式的虚拟机镜像文件,减少空间占用。我需要先回忆一下相关的知识。之前看到过一些方法,比如使用qemu-img命令进行转换,可能需要先清理虚拟机中的未使用空间,然后用convert命令压缩。不过具体步骤可能需要注意顺序,比如先在虚拟机里用dd填零,然后删除那个文件,再关闭虚拟机进行转换。 首先,用户可能已经知道qcow2镜像在删除文件后不会自动缩小,所以需要手动操作。引用中的资料提到,引用[4]里详细说明了在客户机中用dd写入零,然后删除,接着关闭虚拟机,最后用qemu-img convert命令转换镜像。这应该是关键步骤。 接下来,我需要确保步骤正确。比如,清理空间时,客户机需要安装必要的工具,如zerofree,或者手动使用dd命令。可能还需要注意文件系统类型,比如ext4可能需要不同的处理方式。此外,转换命令的参数是否正确,比如使用-c参数进行压缩,-O指定输出格式。 另外,用户可能关心压缩后的性能影响,引用[1]提到压缩会影响性能,所以需要提醒用户权衡空间和性能。同时,引用[3]解释了为什么需要手动回收空间,因为qcow2不会自动缩小。可能还需要提到其他方法,比如调整虚拟机配置或使用快照管理来减少空间增长。 可能的问题包括:步骤是否适用于所有Linux客户机,Windows系统如何处理,转换后的镜像是否会影响数据安,以及压缩后的镜像如何验证完整性。用户可能还会问如何自动化这个过程,或者有没有更优化的方法。 最后,要确保回答结构清晰,分步骤说明,并引用相关资料。同时生成的相关问题要覆盖用户可能进一步想了解的内容,比如性能影响、其他优化方法、不同系统的处理等。</think>### 如何压缩qcow2虚拟机镜像文件 #### 步骤说明 1. **客户机内部空间清理** 在虚拟机内部,需要通过填充未使用空间为0,便于后续压缩识别无效区域: ```bash # 对于ext4文件系统(需root权限) dd if=/dev/zero of=/zero.file bs=1M sync && rm /zero.file # 对于其他文件系统或更高效方式(需安装zerofree) zerofree -v /dev/sda1 ``` 此操作会覆盖空闲空间为0值数据,便于qcow2镜像识别可压缩区域[^4]。 2. **关闭虚拟机** 必须完关闭虚拟机,避免磁盘文件处于写入状态导致压缩失败: ```bash virsh shutdown <虚拟机名称> ``` 3. **使用qemu-img转换镜像** 通过`qemu-img convert`命令实现镜像压缩: ```bash qemu-img convert -c -O qcow2 原镜像.qcow2 压缩后镜像.qcow2 ``` - `-c`:启用压缩算法 - `-O qcow2`:指定输出格式 此过程会丢弃零块,显著减少镜像体积(实测可减少30%-70%)[^2]。 4. **验证与替换镜像** ```bash qemu-img info 压缩后镜像.qcow2 # 检查虚拟大小与实际占用 mv 压缩后镜像.qcow2 原镜像.qcow2 # 替换原镜像(建议先备份) ``` #### 注意事项 - **性能权衡**:压缩后的镜像读写性能会下降约5%-15%,因需实时解压数据块[^1] - **增量备份**:压缩后会破坏原有快照链,需重新建立快照 - **Windows系统**:需使用`SDelete.exe`工具完成空间填零操作
评论
成就一亿技术人!
拼手气红包6.0元
还能输入1000个字符
 
红包 添加红包
表情包 插入表情
 条评论被折叠 查看
添加红包

请填写红包祝福语或标题

红包个数最小为10个

红包金额最低5元

当前余额3.43前往充值 >
需支付:10.00
成就一亿技术人!
领取后你会自动成为博主和红包主的粉丝 规则
hope_wisdom
发出的红包

打赏作者

代先生.重庆

你的鼓励将是我创作的最大动力

¥1 ¥2 ¥4 ¥6 ¥10 ¥20
扫码支付:¥1
获取中
扫码支付

您的余额不足,请更换扫码支付或充值

打赏作者

实付
使用余额支付
点击重新获取
扫码支付
钱包余额 0

抵扣说明:

1.余额是钱包充值的虚拟货币,按照1:1的比例进行支付金额的抵扣。
2.余额无法直接购买下载,可以购买VIP、付费专栏及课程。

余额充值