本文探讨了3D坐标系的概念及其在不同应用中的表示方式，特别强调了Y轴向上方向的选择原因，旨在简化与Java3D等3D软件API的集成。文章还提到了atan2函数在计算角度时的应用。
3D Coordinates
The image below shows both Polar and Cartesian coordinate systems. The orientation of these axes is used by all beamforming pages on this site.
There doesn’t seem to be any rigid standard for the orientation of the Cartesian axis. The decision to have the Y axis point upwards was mainly to simplify the integration with some 3D software APIs, such as Java3D.
Note: The calculation of theta uses the atan2 function.
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