ubuntu下 GCC编译程序出现 undefined reference to `std::ios_base::Init::Init()'问题

最新推荐文章于 2025-07-03 19:01:15 发布

转载最新推荐文章于 2025-07-03 19:01:15 发布 · 2.1k 阅读

文章标签：

#reference #gcc #ubuntu #ios #basic #iterator

本文通过解决一个具体的编译链接问题，介绍了GCC和G++之间的区别。主要探讨了两者如何处理不同类型的源文件，以及在链接阶段的不同行为。并解释了为何某些情况下需要指定-lstdc++。

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在ubuntu vim下编辑如下代码（代码来自《C++标准程序库》p107）：

#include <iostream>
#include <vector>
#include <string>
#include <algorithm>
#include <iterator>

using namespace std;

int main()
{
    vector<string> coll;
    
    /* read all words from the standard input
    * - source: all strings until end-of-file (or erro)
    * - destination: coll(inserting)
    */
    copy (istream_iterator<string>(cin), // start of source
        istream_iterator<string>(),      // end of source
        back_inserter(coll));

    // sort elements
    sort (coll.begin(), coll.end());

    /* print all elements without duplicates
    * - source: coll
    * - destination: standard output (with newline between elements)
    */
    unique_copy (coll.begin(), coll.end(),  // source
                 ostream_iterator<string>(cout, "\n")); // destination
    return 0;
}

使用GCC编译后出现下列可怕的问题：

hello.o: In function `main':
hello.cpp:(.text+0x41): undefined reference to `std::cin'
hello.cpp:(.text+0xd1): undefined reference to `std::cout'
hello.o: In function `__static_initialization_and_destruction_0(int, int)':
hello.cpp:(.text+0x19e): undefined reference to `std::ios_base::Init::Init()'
hello.cpp:(.text+0x1a3): undefined reference to `std::ios_base::Init::~Init()'
hello.o: In function `std::istream_iterator<std::basic_string<char, std::char_traits<char>, std::allocator<char> >, char, std::char_traits<char>, int>::~istream_iterator()':
hello.cpp:(.text._ZNSt16istream_iteratorISscSt11char_traitsIcEiED2Ev[_ZNSt16istream_iteratorISscSt11char_traitsIcEiED5Ev]+0x10): undefined reference to `std::basic_string<char, std::char_traits<char>, std::allocator<char> >::~basic_string()'
hello.o: In function `std::istream_iterator<std::basic_string<char, std::char_traits<char>, std::allocator<char> >, char, std::char_traits<char>, int>::istream_iterator(std::basic_istream<char, std::char_traits<char> >&)':
hello.cpp:(.text._ZNSt16istream_iteratorISscSt11char_traitsIcEiEC2ERSi[_ZNSt16istream_iteratorISscSt11char_traitsIcEiEC5ERSi]+0x24): undefined reference to `std::basic_string<char, std::char_traits<char>, std::allocator<char> >::basic_string()'
hello.cpp:(.text._ZNSt16istream_iteratorISscSt11char_traitsIcEiEC2ERSi[_ZNSt16istream_iteratorISscSt11char_traitsIcEiEC5ERSi]+0x41): undefined reference to `std::basic_string<char, std::char_traits<char>, std::allocator<char> >::~basic_string()'
hello.o: In function `std::istream_iterator<std::basic_string<char, std::char_traits<char>, std::allocator<char> >, char, std::char_traits<char>, int>::istream_iterator()':
hello.cpp:(.text._ZNSt16istream_iteratorISscSt11char_traitsIcEiEC2Ev[_ZNSt16istream_iteratorISscSt11char_traitsIcEiEC5Ev]+0x24): undefined reference to `std::basic_string<char, std::char_traits<char>, std::allocator<char> >::basic_string()'
hello.o: In function `std::istream_iterator<std::basic_string<char, std::char_traits<char>, std::allocator<char> >, char, std::char_traits<char>, int>::istream_iterator(std::istream_iterator<std::basic_string<char, std::char_traits<char>, std::allocator<char> >, char, std::char_traits<char>, int> const&)':
hello.cpp:(.text._ZNSt16istream_iteratorISscSt11char_traitsIcEiEC2ERKS2_[_ZNSt16istream_iteratorISscSt11char_traitsIcEiEC5ERKS2_]+0x2f): undefined reference to `std::basic_string<char, std::char_traits<char>, std::allocator<char> >::basic_string(std::basic_string<char, std::char_traits<char>, std::allocator<char> > const&)'
hello.o: In function `std::istream_iterator<std::basic_string<char, std::char_traits<char>, std::allocator<char> >, char, std::char_traits<char>, int>::_M_read()':
hello.cpp:(.text._ZNSt16istream_iteratorISscSt11char_traitsIcEiE7_M_readEv[std::istream_iterator<std::basic_string<char, std::char_traits<char>, std::allocator<char> >, char, std::char_traits<char>, int>::_M_read()]+0x29): undefined reference to `std::basic_ios<char, std::char_traits<char> >::operator void*() const'
hello.cpp:(.text._ZNSt16istream_iteratorISscSt11char_traitsIcEiE7_M_readEv[std::istream_iterator<std::basic_string<char, std::char_traits<char>, std::allocator<char> >, char, std::char_traits<char>, int>::_M_read()]+0x61): undefined reference to `std::basic_istream<char, std::char_traits<char> >& std::operator>><char, std::char_traits<char>, std::allocator<char> >(std::basic_istream<char, std::char_traits<char> >&, std::basic_string<char, std::char_traits<char>, std::allocator<char> >&)'
hello.cpp:(.text._ZNSt16istream_iteratorISscSt11char_traitsIcEiE7_M_readEv[std::istream_iterator<std::basic_string<char, std::char_traits<char>, std::allocator<char> >, char, std::char_traits<char>, int>::_M_read()]+0x7f): undefined reference to `std::basic_ios<char, std::char_traits<char> >::operator void*() const'
hello.o: In function `void std::__insertion_sort<__gnu_cxx::__normal_iterator<std::basic_string<char, std::char_traits<char>, std::allocator<char> >*, std::vector<std::basic_string<char, std::char_traits<char>, std::allocator<char> >, std::allocator<std::basic_string<char, std::char_traits<char>, std::allocator<char> > > > > >(__gnu_cxx::__normal_iterator<std::basic_string<char, std::char_traits<char>, std::allocator<char> >*, std::vector<std::basic_string<char, std::char_traits<char>, std::allocator<char> >, std::allocator<std::basic_string<char, std::char_traits<char>, 
……