【1】web自动化——（史上最容易上手）2小时就轻松搞定！

本文链接：https://blog.youkuaiyun.com/for_further/article/details/105676085

学习基础肯定会写很多python文件啦，所以先建10个python文件。
**WHAT？**不是说好了自动化么？对，第一步，先建立15个python文件备用。
哦，可是不会啊。别急，。看这里->https://www.runoob.com/python/os-file-methods.html好了动手了。

（1）批量建立15个python文件

import os
for i in range(1, 16):
    fp = open(name, 'wb')

其实，上面三行代码就够了，为了规范美观，稍微加了点。

import os

for i in range(1, 16):  # 含前不含后
    if i >= 10:
        name = './0000' + str(i) + '.py'
    else:
        name = './00000' + str(i) + '.py'
    if not os.path.exists(name):
        fp = open(name, 'wb')
        #os.remove(name)
    else:
        pass

结果图：
在这里插入图片描述
同理，删除文件呢，os.remove(name)，一句就够了，注释在上面了。
wow，so easy。go on！
后面不想说废话了，直接上代码，都能看懂的！

（2）基础登录

from selenium import webdriver
from time import sleep
driver = webdriver.Firefox()
driver.get('https://demo.zdoo.com/')
driver.find_element_by_id('account').clear()
driver.find_element_by_id('account').send_keys('demo')

driver.find_element_by_id('password').clear()
driver.find_element_by_id('password').send_keys('demo')

driver.find_element_by_id('submit').click()
sleep(3)
driver.close()

（3）窗口控制

from selenium import webdriver
from time import sleep
driver = webdriver.Firefox()
driver.get('https://demo.zdoo.com/')
driver.find_element_by_id('account').clear()
driver.find_element_by_id('account').send_keys('demo')

driver.find_element_by_id('password').clear()
driver.find_element_by_id('password').send_keys('demo')

driver.find_element_by_id('submit').click()
sleep(3)
driver.minimize_window()
sleep(3)
driver.maximize_window()
sleep(2)
driver.back()
sleep(3)
driver.forward()
sleep(3)

driver.close()

（4）异常处理

from selenium import webdriver
from selenium.common.exceptions import NoSuchElementException
from time import ctime

driver = webdriver.Firefox()
driver.get('http://www.baidu.com')
print(ctime())

try:
    driver.find_element_by_id('kw2').send_keys('why')
except NoSuchElementException as e:
    print(e)
finally:
    print(ctime())
    driver.quit()

（5）元素属性

from selenium import webdriver
driver = webdriver.Firefox()
driver.get('http://www.baidu.com')

# 获取输入框尺寸
size = driver.find_element_by_id('kw').size
print(size)


# 获取底部备案信息文本 (在火狐浏览器里面可以选择的元素，进行复制XPATH路径)
text = driver.find_element_by_xpath('/html/body/div[1]/div[1]/div[5]/div[2]/a/span').text
print(text)


# 返回元素的属性值
attr = driver.find_element_by_id('kw').get_attribute('class')
print(attr)

# 返回元素是否可见
see = driver.find_element_by_id('kw').is_displayed()
print(see)

driver.quit()

（6）鼠标键盘事件

from time import sleep
from selenium import webdriver
from selenium.webdriver.common.keys import Keys
from selenium.webdriver.common.action_chains import ActionChains

driver = webdriver.Firefox()
driver.get('http://www.baidu.com')
sleep(3)
# 输入框右击
right = driver.find_element_by_id('kw')
ActionChains(driver).context_click(right).perform()
driver.find_element_by_id('kw').click()

# # 鼠标悬停在设置
stop = driver.find_element_by_xpath('//*[@id="s-usersetting-top"]')
ActionChains(driver).move_to_element(stop).perform()

# 双击百度
spot = driver.find_element_by_id('su')
ActionChains(driver).double_click(spot).perform()

# 将链接的地图拖动到文本框
begin = driver.find_element_by_xpath('/html/body/div[1]/div[1]/div[3]/a[3]')
print(begin.text)
ActionChains(driver).drag_and_drop(begin, right).perform()
driver.find_element_by_id('su').click()
sleep(10)
driver.close()

（7）邮箱登录验证

from time import sleep
from selenium import webdriver
from selenium.common.exceptions import NoSuchElementException

driver = webdriver.Firefox()
driver.get('http://www.126.com')

try:
    driver.find_element_by_xpath('//*[@id="lbNormal"]').click()
except NoSuchElementException as e:
    print(e)

print('----登录前----')
print(driver.title)
print(driver.current_url)

sleep(3)
# 登录嵌套在iframe中，需要先切换到iframe
# 如果报错，可在页面F12 中的搜索iframe标签

driver.switch_to.frame((driver.find_element_by_xpath("//div[@id='loginDiv']/iframe")))

# [css 选择器]
# tag[attribute1='value1'][attribute2='value2']
# 例：button[type='submit'][class='res-send']
a = driver.find_element_by_css_selector('input[name =email]')
print(a)

# [xpath]
b = driver.find_element_by_xpath("//div[@class ='u-input box']/input")
print(b)
driver.find_element_by_css_selector('input[name =email]').clear()
driver.find_element_by_css_selector('input[name =email]').send_keys('testing111111')
driver.find_element_by_css_selector('input[name =password]').clear()
driver.find_element_by_css_selector('input[name =password]').send_keys('testing11111')
driver.find_element_by_id('dologin').click()

driver.switch_to.default_content()
print('----登录后----')
print(driver.title)
print(driver.current_url)
sleep(10)
driver.close()

（8）多元素操作

# 选中所有的单选框，并取消掉最后一个
from time import sleep
from selenium import webdriver

driver = webdriver.Firefox()
driver.get('http://archive.wenming.cn/jingtai/sbhr_news/sbhr_cssx.htm')
sleep(3)
a = driver.find_elements_by_xpath("//input[@type='checkbox']")
b = driver.find_element_by_css_selector('input[type="checkbox"]')
print(a)
print(b)
for i in len(a):
    driver.click()

sleep(4)
a.pop().click()

（9）句柄操作

from time import sleep

from selenium import webdriver

driver = webdriver.Firefox()
driver.get('http://www.baidu.com')
search = driver.current_window_handle
print(search)
sleep(7)
# # ele = driver.find_elements_by_name("tj_login")
# ele = driver.find_element_by_xpath("//a[@class='lb']")
# if ele.is_displayed():
#     ele.click()
#
# # driver.find_element_by_xpath('//a[@name = "tj_login"]').click()
driver.find_element_by_link_text('登录').click()
sleep(3)
driver.find_element_by_xpath('//a[@class="pass-reglink pass-link"]').click()
sleep(2)
handles = driver.window_handles
print(handles)
for i in handles:
    driver.switch_to.window(i)
    if i != search:
        print('注册页面')
        driver.find_element_by_id('TANGRAM__PSP_4__userName').send_keys('123')

    else:
        print('百度页面')
        # 关掉登录弹窗
        # driver.find_element_by_id('driver.switch_to.window(i)').click()
        driver.find_element_by_id('kw').send_keys('111')
sleep(5)
# driver.quit()