自己的mysql 入门

原创于 2010-06-24 14:47:39 发布 · 104 阅读

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本文介绍了MySQL中如何设置字符编码以确保数据正确存储及检索，并详细解释了如何通过SQL命令为用户分配不同级别的访问权限。

参考 http://xyfxh.spaces.live.com/Blog/cns!4EFEB1E6EFF8C824!151.entry

http://border.iteye.com/blog/116537

增加用户和密码，设定localhost,全部，特定区域都能访问
    grant all privileges on qbake100617.* to likun@localhost Identified by "123456";
    grant all privileges on qbake100617.* to likun@"%" Identified by "123456";
    grant all privileges on qbake100617.* to likun@"%.mydomain.com" Identified by "123456";

导入sql
mysql -h localhost -u root -p mydb2 < e:\mysql\mydb2.sql

设定编码

务必注意设定的时候是utf8不是utf-8，多条横杠就杯具了。

查看系统的字符集和排序方式的设定可以通过下面的两条命令或mysql> status 。

mysql> SHOW VARIABLES LIKE 'character_set_%'; 
+--------------------------+----------------------------+ 
| Variable_name | Value | 
+--------------------------+----------------------------+ 
| character_set_client | latin1 | 
| character_set_connection | latin1 | 
| character_set_database | latin1 | 
| character_set_results | latin1 | 
| character_set_server | latin1 | 
| character_set_system | utf8 | 
| character_sets_dir | /usr/share/mysql/charsets/ | 
+--------------------------+----------------------------+ 
7 rows in set (0.00 sec) 

mysql> SHOW VARIABLES LIKE 'collation_%'; 
+----------------------+-------------------+ 
| Variable_name | Value | 
+----------------------+-------------------+ 
| collation_connection | latin1_swedish_ci | 
| collation_database | latin1_swedish_ci | 
| collation_server | latin1_swedish_ci | 
+----------------------+-------------------+ 
3 rows in set (0.00 sec) 

mysql> status
--------------
mysql  Ver 14.12 Distrib 5.0.45, for pc-linux-gnu (i686) using readline 5.0

Connection id:          17
Current database:
Current user:           root@localhost
SSL:                    Not in use
Current pager:          stdout
Using outfile:          ''
Using delimiter:        ;
Server version:         5.0.45-community MySQL Community Edition (GPL)
Protocol version:       10
Connection:             Localhost via UNIX socket
Server characterset:    utf8
Db     characterset:    utf8
Client characterset:    latin1
Conn.  characterset:    latin1
UNIX socket:            /var/lib/mysql/mysql.sock
Uptime:                 50 min 34 sec

Threads: 15  Questions: 2413  Slow queries: 0  Opens: 13  Flush tables: 1  Open tables: 8  Queries per second avg: 0.795
--------------

1. SET NAMES 'utf8';

它相当于下面的三句指令：
SET character_set_client = utf8;
SET character_set_results = utf8;
SET character_set_connection = utf8;

2. 创建数据库
mysql> create database name character set utf8;

3. 创建表
CREATE TABLE `type` (
`id` int(10) unsigned NOT NULL auto_increment,
`flag_deleted` enum('Y','N') character set utf8 NOT NULL default 'N',
`flag_type` int(5) NOT NULL default '0',
`type_name` varchar(50) character set utf8 NOT NULL default '',
PRIMARY KEY (`id`)
) DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8;

4. 修改数据库成utf8的.
mysql> alter database name character set utf8;

5. 修改表默认用utf8.
mysql> alter table type character set utf8;

6. 修改字段用utf8
mysql> alter table type modify type_name varchar(50) CHARACTER SET utf8;

7 在/etc/下找到my.cnf，如果没有就把MySQL的安装目录下的support-files目录下的my-medium.cnf复制到/etc/下并改名为my.cnf即可
打开my.cnf以后，在[client]和[mysqld]下面均加上default-character-set=utf8，保存并关闭