shell入门到精通

目录 
 第一章  Shell基础知识 .............................................................. 8 
1.1 Shell简介 ...................................................................... 8 
1.2 Shell基本分两大类 .............................................................. 9 
1.3 第一个Shell脚本 ................................................................ 9 
1.4 Shell变量 ...................................................................... 9 
1.5 变量引用 ....................................................................... 12 
1.6 双引号和单引号 ................................................................. 13 
1.7 注释 ........................................................................... 14

第二章  Shell字符串处理之${} ....................................................... 14 
2.1 获取字符串长度 ................................................................. 14 
2.2 字符串切片 ..................................................................... 14 
2.3 替换字符串 ..................................................................... 15 
2.4 字符串截取 ..................................................................... 15 
2.5 变量状态赋值 ................................................................... 16 
2.6 字符串颜色 ..................................................................... 16

第三章  Shell表达式与运算符 ........................................................ 17 
3.1 条件表达式 ..................................................................... 17 
3.2 整数比较符 ..................................................................... 18 
3.3 字符串比较符 ................................................................... 18 
3.4 文件测试 ....................................................................... 19 
3.5 布尔运算符 ..................................................................... 19 
3.6 逻辑判断符 ..................................................................... 20 
3.7 整数运算 ....................................................................... 20 
3.8 其他运算工具（let/expr/bc） .................................................... 21 
3.9 Shell括号用途总结 ............................................................. 22

第四章  Shell流程控制 ............................................................. 23 
4.1 if语句 ........................................................................ 23 
4.2 for语句 ....................................................................... 25 
4.3 while语句 ..................................................................... 26 
4.4 break和continue语句 .......................................................... 28 
4.5 case语句 ...................................................................... 29 
4.6 select语句 .................................................................... 30

第五章  Shell函数与数组 ........................................................... 32 
5.1 函数 ........................................................................... 32 
5.2 数组 ........................................................................... 34

第六章  Shell正则表达式 ........................................................... 35

第七章  Shell文本处理三剑客 ........................................................ 38 
7.1 grep ........................................................................... 38 
7.2 sed ............................................................................ 42 
7.2.1 匹配打印（p） .............................................................. 44 
7.2.2 匹配删除（d） .............................................................. 46 
7.2.3 替换（s///） ............................................................... 47 
7.2.4 多重编辑（-e） ............................................................. 50 
7.2.5 添加新内容（a、i和c） ..................................................... 50 
7.2.6 读取文件并追加到匹配行后（r） .............................................. 52 
7.2.7 将匹配行写到文件（w） ...................................................... 52 
7.2.8 读取下一行（n和N） ........................................................ 53 
7.2.9 打印和删除模式空间第一行（P和D） .......................................... 55 
7.2.10 保持空间操作（h与H、g与G和x） .......................................... 55 
7.2.11 标签（:、b和t） .......................................................... 57 
7.2.12 忽略大小写匹配（I） ....................................................... 59 
7.2.13 获取总行数（#） ........................................................... 59 
8.3 awk ............................................................................ 59 
8.3.1 选项 ....................................................................... 60 
8.3.2 模式 ....................................................................... 60 
8.3.3 内置变量 ................................................................... 65 
8.3.4 操作符 ..................................................................... 70 
8.3.5 流程控制 ................................................................... 74 
8.3.6 数组 ....................................................................... 77 
8.3.7 内置函数 ................................................................... 80 
8.3.8 I/O语句 ................................................................... 84 
8.3.9 printf语句 ................................................................ 87 
8.3.10 自定义函数 ................................................................ 88 
8.3.11 需求案例 .................................................................. 89

第八章  Shell标准输入、输出和错误 .................................................. 94 
8.1 标准输入、输出和错误 ........................................................... 94 
8.2 重定向符号 ..................................................................... 94 
8.3 重定向输出 ..................................................................... 95 
8.4 重定向输入 ..................................................................... 95 
8.5 重定向标准输出和标准错误 ....................................................... 95 
8.6 重定向到空设备 ................................................................. 96 
8.7 read命令 ...................................................................... 97

第九章  Shell信号发送与捕捉 ........................................................ 98 
9.1 Linux信号类型 ................................................................. 98 
9.2 kill命令 ..................................................................... 100 
9.3 trap命令 ..................................................................... 100

第十章  Shell编程时常用的系统文件 ................................................. 102 
10.1 Linux系统目录结构 ........................................................... 102 
10.2 环境变量文件 ................................................................. 103 
10.3 系统配置文件 ................................................................. 103 
10.4 /dev目录 .................................................................... 104 
10.5 /proc目录 ................................................................... 104 
10.5.1 /proc .................................................................... 105 
10.5.2 /proc/net ................................................................ 105 
10.5.3 /proc/sys ................................................................ 106

第十一章  Shell常用命令与工具 ..................................................... 108 
11.1 ls ........................................................................... 108 
11.2 echo ......................................................................... 109 
11.3 printf ....................................................................... 109 
11.4 cat .......................................................................... 110 
11.5 tac .......................................................................... 111 
11.6 rev .......................................................................... 111 
11.7 wc ........................................................................... 111 
11.8 cp ........................................................................... 111 
11.9 mkdir ........................................................................ 112 
11.10 mv .......................................................................... 112 
11.11 rename ...................................................................... 112 
11.12 dirname ..................................................................... 113 
11.13 basename .................................................................... 113 
11.14 du .......................................................................... 113 
11.15 cut ......................................................................... 114 
11.16 tr .......................................................................... 114 
11.17 stat ........................................................................ 115 
11.18 seq ......................................................................... 115 
11.19 shuf ........................................................................ 116 
11.20 sort ........................................................................ 116 
11.21 uniq ........................................................................ 117 
11.22 tee .....................................................