struts2_hibernate5_spring4整合的一般步骤及其注意事项

最新推荐文章于 2020-03-10 18:29:45 发布

原创最新推荐文章于 2020-03-10 18:29:45 发布 · 2.9k 阅读

3 ·

CC 4.0 BY-SA版权

文章标签：

#ssh框架整合

hibernate 同时被 2 个专栏收录

2 篇文章

订阅专栏

struts2

2 篇文章

订阅专栏

本文详细介绍了Spring、Struts2及Hibernate（SSH）框架的整合步骤，从搭建环境到完成测试，涵盖配置文件编写、实体类创建等关键环节。

摘要生成于 C知道，由 DeepSeek-R1 满血版支持，前往体验 >

整合逻辑：先整合spring，再整合hibernate，最后整合Struts2.

spring整合：

1.导入相关jar包：导入spring相关jar包：ioc,aop,tx,web,junit整合包

2.在src目录下创建config.spring的包，在其中创建applicationContext.xml文件，引入约束文件。本项目IOC与DI均采用注解的方式实现

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
	xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
	xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop" xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx"
	xsi:schemaLocation="
        					http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans 
        					http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
        					http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd
        					http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx.xsd
       		 				http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop.xsd">
	<!-- 开启注解扫描 -->
	<context:component-scan base-package="com.maeeki"/>
</beans>

3.在web.xml中配置applicationContext.xml文件为应用加载时，随着servletContext对象的创建而加载，因此需要配置servletContext对象的监听器

<listener>
	<listener-class>org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoaderListener</listener-class>
</listener>

4.接着需要指定加载applicationtionContext.xml文件的位置，若是将该文件放入WEB-INF目录下，那么就不用进行此配置，因为spring默认就是去加载WEB-INF下的applicationContext.xml文件的。但是为了便于配置文件的统一管理，建议还是将配置文件放于一处去管理

<context-param>
	<param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
	<param-value>classpath:config/spring/applicationContext.xml</param-value>
</context-param>

备注：为什么要加classpath呢？因为spring默认的加载路径是整个项目的根目录，而配置文件的保存位置是从类的根目录（src）起始的，加上classpath：进行指定当前的相对路径是类的根目录。

整合hibernate(spring接管hibernate配置文件，不再另外创建hibernate.cfg.xml文件)：

1.导入hibernate的相关jar包

2.在config.spring下面创建文件：applicationContext-jdbc.xml

如下配置applicationContext-jdbc.xml:

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
	xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
	xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop" xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx"
	xsi:schemaLocation="
        					http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans 
        					http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
        					http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd
        					http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx.xsd
       		 				http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop.xsd">
    <bean id="sessionFactory" class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate5.LocalSessionFactoryBean">
    	<!-- 连接数据库 -->
    	<property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource"></property>
    	<!-- 配置hibernate -->
    	<property name="hibernateProperties">
    		<props>
    			<!-- 配置MySQL数据库的方言 -->
    			<prop key="hibernate.dialect">org.hibernate.dialect.MySQLDialect</prop>
				<!-- 配置使得控制台可以展示自动生成的sql语句 -->
				<prop key="hibernate.show_sql">true</prop>
				<!-- 配置使得展示的sql语句以一定的格式输出 -->
				<prop key="hibernate.format_sql">true</prop>
				<!-- 配置值为update时，若数据库中不存在表时自动生成，存在表时在原表上操作，若不想自动生成改为none即可 -->
				<prop key="hibernate.hbm2ddl.auto">update</prop>
				<!-- 将session绑定到当前线程上，用于控制线程安全问题 -->
				<prop key="hibernate.current_session_context_class">
					org.springframework.orm.hibernate5.SpringSessionContext
				</prop>
    		</props>
    	</property>
    	<!-- 引入映射文件 -->
    	<property name="mappingLocations">
    		<array>
    			<value>classpath:com/maeeki/domain/*.hbm.xml</value>
    		</array>
    	</property>
    </bean>
	<!-- 配置数据源 -->
	<bean id="dataSource" class="com.mchange.v2.c3p0.ComboPooledDataSource">
		<property name="driverClass" value="com.mysql.jdbc.Driver"></property>
		<property name="jdbcUrl" value="jdbc:mysql://locahost:3306/crm"></property>
		<property name="user" value="root"></property>
		<property name="password" value="123"></property>
	</bean>
	
	<!-- 配置hibernateTemplate -->
	<bean id="hibernateTemplate" class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate4.HibernateTemplate">
		<property name="sessionFactory" ref="sessionFactory"></property>l
	</bean>
</beans>

3.配置事务创建applicationContext-tx.xml

配置文件的模板如下：

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
	xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
	xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop" xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx"
	xsi:schemaLocation="
        					http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans 
        					http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
        					http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd
        					http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx.xsd
       		 				http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop.xsd">
	<!-- 配置事务管理器 -->
	<bean id="transactionManager" class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate5.HibernateTransactionManager">
		<property name="sessionFactory" ref="sessionFactory"></property>
	</bean>
	<!-- 配置通知  因为通知也是采用注解配置，因此此处注释了 -->
	
	<!--<tx:advice id="txAdvice" transaction-manager="transactionManager">
 <tx:attributes><tx:method name="*" propagation="REQUIRED" read-only="false"/><tx:method name="find*" propagation="SUPPORTS" read-only="true"/></tx:attributes></tx:advice>配置切面 <aop:config><aop:advisor advice-ref="txAdvice" pointcut-ref="pt1"/></aop:config>-->
</beans>

4.配置aop 创建applicationContext-aop.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
	xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
	xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop" xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx"
	xsi:schemaLocation="
        					http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans 
        					http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
        					http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd
        					http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx.xsd
       		 				http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop.xsd">
	<!-- 配置切入点 -->
	<aop:config>
		<aop:pointcut expression="execution(* com.maeeki.service.impl.*.*(..))" id="pt1"/>
	</aop:config>
</beans>

5.将以上的三个配置导入整合到applicationContext.xml中

<import resource="applicationContext-jdbc.xml"/>
<import resource="applicationContext-tx.xml"/>
<import resource="applicationContext-aop.xml"/>

6.创建实体类及其对应的映射xml文件
映射文件的模板如下：

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE hibernate-mapping PUBLIC 
    "-//Hibernate/Hibernate Mapping DTD 3.0//EN"
    "http://www.hibernate.org/dtd/hibernate-mapping-3.0.dtd">
<hibernate-mapping package="com.maeeki.domain">
	<class name="Customer" table="cst_customer">
		<id name="custId" column="cust_id">
			<generator class="native"></generator>
		</id>
		<property name="custName" column="cust_name"></property>
		<property name="custSource" column="custSource"></property>
		<property name="custIndustry" column="custIndustry"></property>
		<property name="custLevel" column="custLevel"></property>
		<property name="custAddress" column="custAddress"></property>
		<property name="custPhone" column="custPhone"></property>
	</class>
</hibernate-mapping>

7.检测hibernate与spring整合是否成功
创建service层，创建dao层，在dao层中调用hibernateTemplate进行数据的存储操作（做Java开发的这个地方应该都很清楚的）
建立一个junit测试类，并在测试类中引入程序运行所需要加载的配置文件，测试类代码如下：

package com.maeeki.test;

import org.junit.Test;
import org.junit.runner.RunWith;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.test.context.ContextConfiguration;
import org.springframework.test.context.junit4.SpringJUnit4ClassRunner;

import com.maeeki.domain.Customer;
import com.maeeki.service.ICustomerService;

@RunWith(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.class)
@ContextConfiguration(locations={"classpath:config/spring/applicationContext.xml"})
public class SpringHibernateTest {
	
	@Autowired
	private ICustomerService customerService;
	
	@Test
	public void Test1(){
		Customer customer = new Customer();
		customer.setCustName("福光");
		customer.setCustPhone("34252525");
		customerService.addCustomer(customer);
	}
}

Struts2整合
1.导入Struts2 jar包
2.将action动作类交于spring进行管理
3.创建spring.struts包，在该包中创建struts.xml文件，（注意spring接管动作类后在Struts.xml中的class有属性应与spring定义的动作类id一致）示例代码如下：

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE struts PUBLIC
	"-//Apache Software Foundation//DTD Struts Configuration 2.3//EN"
	"http://struts.apache.org/dtds/struts-2.3.dtd">
<struts>
	<!-- 配置开发者模式 -->
	<constant name="struts.devMode" value="true"></constant>
	<!-- 配置URL后缀名 -->
	<constant name="struts.action.extension" value="action"></constant>
	<!-- 配置页面主题 -->
	<constant name="struts.ui.theme" value="simple"></constant>
	<!-- 配置公共包 -->
	<package name="MyDefault" extends="struts-default" abstract="true">
	</package>
	<!-- 载入其他配置文件 -->
	<include file="config/struts2/struts-customer.xml"></include>
</struts>

4.创建struts-customer.xml文件

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE struts PUBLIC
	"-//Apache Software Foundation//DTD Struts Configuration 2.3//EN"
	"http://struts.apache.org/dtds/struts-2.3.dtd">
<struts>
	<package name="customer" extends="MyDefault" namespace="/customer">
		<action name="findAllCustomer" class="customerAction" method="findAllCustomer">
			<result name="findAllCustomer">/jsp/customer/list.jsp</result>
		</action>
	</package>
</struts>

5.在Struts.xml中加载该文件

6.在web.xml中，配置Struts2的核心过滤器，并在过滤器中配置其初始化参数，指定Struts配置文件的位置,最终web.xml的配置：

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<web-app xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
	xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee"
	xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_2_5.xsd"
	id="WebApp_ID" version="2.5">
	<display-name>day038_crm_S2S4H503_Test</display-name>
	<welcome-file-list>
		<welcome-file>index.html</welcome-file>
		<welcome-file>index.htm</welcome-file>
		<welcome-file>index.jsp</welcome-file>
		<welcome-file>default.html</welcome-file>
		<welcome-file>default.htm</welcome-file>
		<welcome-file>default.jsp</welcome-file>
	</welcome-file-list>
	<!-- 配置监听器，用于监听servletContext对象的状态 -->
	<listener>
		<listener-class>org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoaderListener</listener-class>
	</listener>
	<!-- 配置servletContext对象创建时需要加载的内容 -->
	<context-param>
		<param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
		<param-value>classpath:config/spring/applicationContext.xml</param-value>
	</context-param>
	<!-- 配置Struts2的核心过滤器 -->
	<filter>
		<filter-name>struts2</filter-name>
		<filter-class>org.apache.struts2.dispatcher.ng.filter.StrutsPrepareAndExecuteFilter</filter-class>
		<!-- 配置核心过滤器初始化时加载的内容 -->
		<init-param>
			<param-name>config</param-name>
			<param-value>struts-default.xml,struts-plugin.xml,config/struts2/struts.xml</param-value>
		</init-param>
	</filter>
	<filter-mapping>
		<filter-name>struts2</filter-name>
		<url-pattern>/*</url-pattern>
	</filter-mapping>
</web-app>

7.创建动作类CustomerAction

package com.maeeki.web.action;

import java.util.List;

import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;

import com.maeeki.domain.Customer;
import com.maeeki.service.ICustomerService;
import com.opensymphony.xwork2.ActionSupport;
import com.opensymphony.xwork2.ModelDriven;

@Controller("customerAction")
public class CustomerAction extends ActionSupport implements ModelDriven<Customer>{
	@Autowired
	private ICustomerService customerService;
	
	private Customer customer = new Customer();
	@Override
	public Customer getModel() {
		return customer;
	}
	
	private List<Customer> customers;
	public List<Customer> getCustomers() {
		return customers;
	}
	
	public String findAllCustomer(){
		customers = customerService.findAllCustomer();
		return "findAllCustomer";
	}
	
}