grep

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Grep help

grep还有很多开关, 例如-o就是我最喜欢的

/home/lee#grep --help
Usage: grep [OPTION]... PATTERN [FILE] ...
Search for PATTERN in each FILE or standard input.
Example: grep -i 'hello world' menu.h main.c

Regexp selection and interpretation:
  -E, --extended-regexp    PATTERN is an extended regular expression
  -F, --fixed-strings    PATTERN is a set of newline-separated strings
  -G, --basic-regexp       PATTERN is a basic regular expression
  -P, --perl-regexp       PATTERN is a Perl regular expression
  -e, --regexp=PATTERN    use PATTERN as a regular expression
  -f, --file=FILE          obtain PATTERN from FILE
  -i, --ignore-case       ignore case distinctions
  -w, --word-regexp       force PATTERN to match only whole words
  -x, --line-regexp       force PATTERN to match only whole lines
  -z, --null-data          a data line ends in 0 byte, not newline

Miscellaneous:
  -s, --no-messages       suppress error messages
  -v, --invert-match       select non-matching lines
  -V, --version          print version information and exit
   --help             display this help and exit
   --mmap             use memory-mapped input if possible

Output control:
  -m, --max-count=NUM    stop after NUM matches
  -b, --byte-offset       print the byte offset with output lines
  -n, --line-number       print line number with output lines
   --line-buffered    flush output on every line
  -H, --with-filename    print the filename for each match
  -h, --no-filename       suppress the prefixing filename on output
   --label=LABEL       print LABEL as filename for standard input
  -o, --only-matching    show only the part of a line matching PATTERN #
  -q, --quiet, --silent    suppress all normal output
   --binary-files=TYPE assume that binary files are TYPE
                        TYPE is 'binary', 'text', or 'without-match'
  -a, --text             equivalent to --binary-files=text
  -I                      equivalent to --binary-files=without-match
  -d, --directories=ACTION  how to handle directories
                        ACTION is 'read', 'recurse', or 'skip'
  -D, --devices=ACTION    how to handle devices, FIFOs and sockets
                        ACTION is 'read' or 'skip'
  -R, -r, --recursive    equivalent to --directories=recurse
   --include=PATTERN    files that match PATTERN will be examined
   --exclude=PATTERN    files that match PATTERN will be skipped.
   --exclude-from=FILE files that match PATTERN in FILE will be skipped.
  -L, --files-without-match only print FILE names containing no match
  -l, --files-with-matches  only print FILE names containing matches
  -c, --count             only print a count of matching lines per FILE
  -Z, --null             print 0 byte after FILE name

Context control:
  -B, --before-context=NUM  print NUM lines of leading context #
  -A, --after-context=NUM print NUM lines of trailing context #
  -C, --context=NUM       print NUM lines of output context
  -NUM                   same as --context=NUM
   --color[=WHEN],
   --colour[=WHEN]    use markers to distinguish the matching string
                        WHEN may be `always', `never' or `auto'.
  -U, --binary             do not strip CR characters at EOL (MSDOS)
  -u, --unix-byte-offsets report offsets as if CRs were not there (MSDOS)

`egrep' means `grep -E'.  `fgrep' means `grep -F'.
With no FILE, or when FILE is -, read standard input.  If less than
two FILEs given, assume -h.  Exit status is 0 if match, 1 if no match,
and 2 if trouble.