Okhttp3食用初级指北

原创 于 2016-12-01 10:39:54 发布 · 375 阅读 · 0 ·
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本文详细介绍了如何使用OkHttp3进行同步及异步GET、POST请求，包括添加请求头、上传文件、键值对传输等操作，并展示了如何实现文件下载。

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package com.quaie.wms.myhttpdiscuss;

import android.os.Bundle;
import android.support.v7.app.AppCompatActivity;
import android.util.Log;
import android.view.View;
import android.widget.Button;

import java.io.File;
import java.io.FileOutputStream;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStream;

import okhttp3.Call;
import okhttp3.Callback;
import okhttp3.FormBody;
import okhttp3.MediaType;
import okhttp3.MultipartBody;
import okhttp3.OkHttpClient;
import okhttp3.Request;
import okhttp3.RequestBody;
import okhttp3.Response;

public class MainActivity extends AppCompatActivity implements View.OnClickListener {

    private Button tongbuget;
    private Button yibuget;
    private Button tianjiaheader;
    private Button posejianzhidui;
    private Button poseString;
    private Button posefile;
    private Button yibuxiazai;
    private Button Multipart;

    @Override
    protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
        setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);
        initView();

    }

    private void initView() {
        tongbuget = (Button) findViewById(R.id.tongbuget);
        tongbuget.setOnClickListener(this);
        yibuget = (Button) findViewById(R.id.yibuget);
        yibuget.setOnClickListener(this);
        tianjiaheader = (Button) findViewById(R.id.tianjiaheader);
        tianjiaheader.setOnClickListener(this);
        posejianzhidui = (Button) findViewById(R.id.posejianzhidui);
        posejianzhidui.setOnClickListener(this);
        posefile = (Button) findViewById(R.id.posefile);
        posefile.setOnClickListener(this);
        yibuxiazai = (Button) findViewById(R.id.yibuxiazai);
        yibuxiazai.setOnClickListener(this);
        poseString = (Button) findViewById(R.id.poseString);
        poseString.setOnClickListener(this);
        Multipart = (Button) findViewById(R.id.Multipart);
        Multipart.setOnClickListener(this);
    }

    @Override
    public void onClick(View v) {
        switch (v.getId()) {
            case R.id.tongbuget:
                tongbuGET();
                break;
            case R.id.yibuget:
                yibuGET();
                break;
            case R.id.tianjiaheader:
                tianjiaHeader();
                break;
            case R.id.posejianzhidui:
                jianzhiduiPOSE();
                break;
            case R.id.poseString:
                StringPOSE();
                break;
            case R.id.posefile:
                filePOSE();
                break;
            case R.id.yibuxiazai:
                yibuxiazaiFile();
                break;
            case R.id.Multipart:
                sendMultipart();
                break;
        }
    }

    /**
     * 同步GET
     * 同步GET的意思是一直等待http请求, 直到返回了响应. 在这之间会阻塞进程,
     * 所以通过get不能在Android的主线程中执行, 否则会报错.
     * 

     * Request是okhttp3 的请求对象，Response是okhttp3中的响应。通过response.isSuccessful()判断请求是否成功。
     */

    private void tongbuGET() {

        new Thread(new Runnable() {
            @Override
            public void run() {
                try {
                    String url = "https://www.baidu.com";
                    OkHttpClient client = new OkHttpClient();
                    Request request = new Request.Builder().url(url).build();

                    //同步GET需要用 .execute()
                    Response response = client.newCall(request).execute();
                    if (response.isSuccessful()) {
                        Log.e("11111", "response = " + response.body().string());
                    } else {
                        Log.e("11111", "okHttp is request error");
                    }
                } catch (IOException e) {
                    e.printStackTrace();
                }
            }
        }).start();
    }

    /**
     * 异步GET
     * 有时候需要下载一份文件（比如网络图片），如果文件比较大，整个下载会比较耗时，通常我们会将耗时任务放到工作线程中
     * 而使用okhttp3异步方法，不需要我们开启工作线程执行网络请求，返回的结果也在工作线程中
     */
    private void yibuGET() {
        Log.e("11111", "main thread id is " + Thread.currentThread().getId());

        String url = "https://www.baidu.com";
        OkHttpClient client = new OkHttpClient();

        Request request = new Request.Builder().url(url).build();

/*          //另一种设置请求的方式
            Request.Builder requestBuilder = new Request.Builder().url("http://www.baidu.com");
            //可以省略，默认是GET请求
            requestBuilder.method("GET",null);
            Request request = requestBuilder.build();
*/

        //异步GET需要用 .enqueue
        client.newCall(request).enqueue(new Callback() {
            @Override
            public void onFailure(Call call, IOException e) {
                Log.e("11111", "Failure");
            }

            @Override
            public void onResponse(Call call, Response response) throws IOException {
                // 注：该回调是子线程，非主线程
                Log.e("11111", "callback thread id is " + Thread.currentThread().getId());
                Log.e("11111", "response = " + response.body().string());

                if (null != response.cacheResponse()) {
                    String str = response.cacheResponse().toString();
                    Log.i("11111", "cache---" + str);
                } else {
                    response.body().string();
                    String str = response.networkResponse().toString();
                    Log.i("11111", "network---" + str);
                }
                runOnUiThread(new Runnable() {
                    @Override
                    public void run() {
                        Log.e("11111", "异步GET请求成功");
                    }
                });
            }
        });
    }

    /**
     * okhttp3添加请求头，
     * 需要在Request.Builder()使用.header(String key,String value)或者.addHeader(String key,String value);
     * 

     * 使用.header(String key,String value)，如果key已经存在，将会移除该key对应的value，然后将新value添加进来，即替换掉原来的value；
     * 

     * 使用.addHeader(String key,String value)，即使当前的可以已经存在值了，只会添加新value的值，并不会移除/替换原来的值。
     */
    private void tianjiaHeader() {

        new Thread(new Runnable() {
            @Override
            public void run() {
                try {
                    OkHttpClient client = new OkHttpClient();

                    Request request = new Request.Builder()
                            .url("https://api.github.com/repos/square/okhttp/issues")
                            .header("User-Agent", "OkHttp Headers.java")
                            .addHeader("Accept", "application/json; q=0.5")
                            .addHeader("Accept", "application/vnd.github.v3+json")
                            .build();

                    Response response = client.newCall(request).execute();
                    if (!response.isSuccessful())
                        throw new IOException("Unexpected code " + response);

                    Log.e("11111", "Server: " + response.header("Server"));
                    Log.e("11111", "Date: " + response.header("Date"));
                    Log.e("11111", "Vary: " + response.headers("Vary"));

                    if (response.isSuccessful()) {

                        Log.e("11111", "response = " + response.body().string());
                    } else {

                        Log.e("11111", "okHttp is request error");
                    }
                } catch (IOException e) {
                    e.printStackTrace();
                }
            }
        }).start();
    }

    /**
     * POSE 文件
     * 异步请求
     * 同步用 okHttpClient.newCall(request).execute();
     */
    private void filePOSE() {
        //首先定义上传文件类型
        final MediaType MEDIA_TYPE_MARKDOWN = MediaType.parse("text/x-markdown; charset=utf-8");
        //将sdcard根目录的11111.txt文件上传到服务器上
        OkHttpClient mOkHttpClient = new OkHttpClient();
        File file = new File("/sdcard/test.txt");
        Request request = new Request.Builder()
                .url("https://api.github.com/markdown/raw")
                .post(RequestBody.create(MEDIA_TYPE_MARKDOWN, file))
                .build();

        mOkHttpClient.newCall(request).enqueue(new Callback() {
            @Override
            public void onFailure(Call call, IOException e) {
                Log.e("11111", "onFailure");
            }

            @Override
            public void onResponse(Call call, Response response) throws IOException {
                Log.i("11111", "response = " + response.body().string());
            }
        });
    }

    /**
     * POSE String串
     * 可以使用Post方法发送一串字符串，但不建议发送超过1M的文本信息
     */
    private void StringPOSE() {
        final MediaType MEDIA_TYPE_MARKDOWN = MediaType.parse("text/x-markdown; charset=utf-8");

        new Thread() {
            @Override
            public void run() {
                super.run();
                try {
                    OkHttpClient client = new OkHttpClient();

                    String postBody = ""
                            + "Releases\n"
                            + "--------\n"
                            + "\n"
                            + " * _1.0_ May 6, 2016\n"
                            + " * _1.1_ June 15, 2016\n"
                            + " * _1.2_ August 11, 2016\n";

                    Request request = new Request.Builder()
                            .url("https://api.github.com/markdown/raw")
                            .post(RequestBody.create(MEDIA_TYPE_MARKDOWN, postBody))
                            .build();

                    Response response = client.newCall(request).execute();
                    if (!response.isSuccessful())
                        throw new IOException("Unexpected code " + response);

                    Log.e("11111", "response = " + response.body().string());
                } catch (Exception e) {
                    Log.e("11111", "Exception = " + e.toString().trim());
                }
            }
        }.start();
    }

    /**
     * POSE 键值对（JSON）
     * okhttp3使用FormBody.Builder创建请求的参数键值对
     */
    private void jianzhiduiPOSE() {
        new Thread(new Runnable() {
            @Override
            public void run() {
                // 请求完整url：http://api.k780.com:88/?app=weather.future&weaid=1&&appkey=10003&sign=b59bc3ef6191eb9f747dd4e83c99f2a4&format=json
                String url = "http://api.k780.com:88/";
                OkHttpClient okHttpClient = new OkHttpClient();

                String json = "{'app':'weather.future','weaid':'1','appkey':'10003'," + "'sign':'b59bc3ef6191eb9f747dd4e83c99f2a4','format':'json'}";

                RequestBody formBody = new FormBody.Builder()
                        .add("app", "weather.future")
                        .add("weaid", "1")
                        .add("appkey", "10003")
                        .add("sign", "b59bc3ef6191eb9f747dd4e83c99f2a4")
                        .add("format", "json")
                        .build();

                Request request = new Request.Builder()
                        .url(url)
                        .post(formBody)
                        .build();

                //同步pose
                //okhttp3.Response response = okHttpClient.newCall(request).execute();
                //Log.e("11111", "response = " + response.body().string());

                //异步pose
                Call call = okHttpClient.newCall(request);
                call.enqueue(new Callback() {
                    @Override
                    public void onFailure(Call call, IOException e) {
                        Log.e("11111", "onFailure");
                    }

                    @Override
                    public void onResponse(Call call, Response response) throws IOException {
                        String str = response.body().string();
                        Log.e("11111", "response = " + str);

                        runOnUiThread(new Runnable() {
                            @Override
                            public void run() {
                                Log.e("11111", "异步POSE键值对请求成功");
                            }
                        });
                    }
                });
            }
        }).start();
    }

    /**
     * 异步下载文件
     */
    private void yibuxiazaiFile() {
        OkHttpClient mOkHttpClient = new OkHttpClient();
        //指定下载文件在哪里
        String url = "https://img-my.youkuaiyun.com/uploads/201603/26/1458988468_5804.jpg";

        Request request = new Request.Builder().url(url).build();

        mOkHttpClient.newCall(request).enqueue(new Callback() {
            @Override
            public void onFailure(Call call, IOException e) {
                Log.e("11111", "onFailure");
            }

            @Override
            public void onResponse(Call call, Response response) {
                //把得到Response后将流写进指定的图片文件
                InputStream inputStream = response.body().byteStream();
                FileOutputStream fileOutputStream = null;
                try {
                    //指定的图片文件并写入
                    fileOutputStream = new FileOutputStream(new File("/sdcard/11111.jpg"));
                    byte[] buffer = new byte[2048];
                    int len = 0;
                    while ((len = inputStream.read(buffer)) != -1) {
                        fileOutputStream.write(buffer, 0, len);
                    }
                    fileOutputStream.flush();
                } catch (IOException e) {
                    Log.e("11111", "IOException");
                    e.printStackTrace();
                }
                Log.e("11111", "文件下载成功");
            }
        });
    }

    /**
     * 上传文件同时还需要传其他类型的字段
     */
    private void sendMultipart() {
        final MediaType MEDIA_TYPE_PNG = MediaType.parse("image/png");
        OkHttpClient mOkHttpClient = new OkHttpClient();
        RequestBody requestBody = new MultipartBody.Builder()
                .setType(MultipartBody.FORM)
                //设置字段
                .addFormDataPart("title", "11111")
                .addFormDataPart("image", "11111.jpg", RequestBody.create(MEDIA_TYPE_PNG, new File("/sdcard/11111.jpg")))
                .build();

        Request request = new Request.Builder()
                .header("Authorization", "Client-ID " + "...")
                .url("https://api.imgur.com/3/image")
                .post(requestBody)
                .build();

        mOkHttpClient.newCall(request).enqueue(new Callback() {
            @Override
            public void onFailure(Call call, IOException e) {
                Log.e("11111", "onFailure");
            }

            @Override
            public void onResponse(Call call, Response response) throws IOException {
                Log.e("11111", "response = " + response.body().string());
            }
        });
    }
}



Okhttp3的固定步骤是：
一：创建请求队列：
     方法一：
                    设置url
                    String url = "https://www.baidu.com";

                    设置OkHttpClient对象
                    OkHttpClient client = new OkHttpClient();

                    创建一个request
                    Request request = new Request.Builder().url(url).build();

     方法二：
            创建一个Request.Builder对象，指定url
            Request.Builder requestBuilder = new Request.Builder().url("http://www.baidu.com");

            设置请求方式默认是GET请求
            requestBuilder.method("GET",null);

            创建一个request
            Request request = requestBuilder.build();

二：发送请求
        同步请求用：Response response = client.newCall(request).execute();
        异步请求用：
                Call call = okHttpClient.newCall(request);
                call.enqueue(new Callback() {
                    @Override
                    public void onFailure(Call call, IOException e) {
                        Log.e("11111", "onFailure");
                    }

                    @Override
                    public void onResponse(Call call, Response response) throws IOException {
                        String str = response.body().string();
                        Log.e("11111", "response = " + str);

                        runOnUiThread(new Runnable() {
                            @Override
                            public void run() {
                                Log.e("11111", "异步POSE键值对请求成功");
                            }
                        });
                    }
                });

三：与文件有关要指定文件类型
MediaType MEDIA_TYPE_PNG = MediaType.parse("image/png");
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