1:
Given an array with n objects colored red, white or blue, sort them so that objects of the same color are adjacent, with the colors in the order red, white and blue.
Here, we will use the integers 0, 1, and 2 to represent the color red, white, and blue respectively.
Note:
You are not suppose to use the library's sort function for this problem.
1:注意特殊情况;2:遍历数组一次;3:设置两个指针,分别表示0和2的边界,当从头到后遍历数组的时候,如果是1,直接遍历下一个;如果为0,与前面的数组进行交换;如果是2, 与后面的数字进行交换,注意循环结束的情况
void sortColors(int A[], int n)
{
if(A == NULL || n <= 1)
{
return;
}
int leftIndex = -1;
int rightIndex = n;
int i = 0;
while(i < rightIndex)
{
if(A[i] == 1 || i == leftIndex)
{
i++;
}
else if(A[i] == 0)
{
int tmp = A[i];
A[i] = A[++leftIndex];
A[leftIndex] = tmp;
}
else if(A[i] == 2)
{
int tmp = A[i];
A[i] = A[--rightIndex];
A[rightIndex] = tmp;
}
}
return;
}

本文介绍了一种不使用标准库排序函数解决红白蓝三色排序问题的算法。该算法通过一次遍历数组,并利用三个指针来实现0、1、2的排序。此方法巧妙地避免了重复排序和额外的空间开销。
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