GridView概述

一、使用GridView以表格形式显示多张图片
GridView用于在界面上按行、列分布的方式来显示多个组件

二、使用GridView
1、java代码

import android.support.v7.app.AppCompatActivity;
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.view.View;
import android.widget.AdapterView;
import android.widget.GridView;
import android.widget.SimpleAdapter;
import android.widget.Toast;

import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.HashMap;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.Map;

public class MainActivity extends AppCompatActivity implements AdapterView.OnItemClickListener{

    private GridView gridView;
    private List<Map<String,Object>>dataList;
    private int[]icon = {R.drawable.calendar,R.drawable.address_book,R.drawable.camera,R.drawable.clock,R.drawable.games_control,R.drawable.messenger,R.drawable.settings};
    private String[]iconName = {"日历","电话簿","照相机","闹钟","游戏控制","信息","设置"};
    private SimpleAdapter adapter;
    @Override
    protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
        setContentView(R.layout.main);
        gridView = (GridView) findViewById(R.id.gridView);
        //1、准备数据源
        //2、新建适配器（SimpleAdapter）
        //3、GridView加载适配器
        //4、GridView配置事件监听器（OnItemClickListener）

        //新建数据源的集合
        dataList = new ArrayList<Map<String,Object>>();
        //getData();
        //新建适配器
        adapter = new SimpleAdapter(this,getData(),R.layout.item,new String[]{"image","text"},new int[]{R.id.image,R.id.text});
        //加载适配器
        gridView.setAdapter(adapter);
        //加载监听器
        gridView.setOnItemClickListener(this);
    }

    public List<Map<String,Object>> getData() {
        //填充数据源
        for(int i=0;i<icon.length;i++) {
            Map<String, Object> map = new HashMap<String, Object>();
            map.put("image",icon[i]);
            map.put("text",iconName[i]);
            dataList.add(map);
        }
         return dataList;
    }

    @Override
    public void onItemClick(AdapterView<?> adapterView, View view, int i, long l) {
        Toast.makeText(this,"我是"+iconName[i],Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
    }
}

2、xml文件

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    android:layout_width="match_parent"
    android:layout_height="match_parent"
    android:orientation="vertical"
    android:gravity="center"
    android:background="#000000">

    <ImageView
        android:src="@drawable/ic_launcher"
        android:layout_width="60dp"
        android:layout_height="60dp"
        android:id="@+id/image"/>
    <TextView
        android:layout_marginTop="5dp"
        android:layout_width="wrap_content"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:textColor="#ffffff"
        android:text="文字"
        android:id="@+id/text"/>
</LinearLayout>

   <!--
       android:numColumns="" 每一行显示多少列
        android:horizontalSpacing="" 两列之间的间距
        android:verticalSpacing="" 两行之间的间距
    -->
    <GridView
        android:layout_marginTop="10dp"
        android:id="@+id/gridView"
        android:layout_width="wrap_content"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:numColumns="3"
        android:horizontalSpacing="10dp"
        android:verticalSpacing="10dp"
        ></GridView>

每行显示三项，由于采用均分策略，会把多余位置平均分散到间隙中，所以视图列间距会大于10dp