单向多对多关联映射
我们假设这样一个场景,一个员工可能有多个角色,一个角色可能有多个员工,从员工或角色的角度看,这就是
多对多的关系。多对多关联映射关系一般采用中间表的形式来实现,即新增一种包含关联双方主键的表。多对多关联
映射可以使用<set>元素和<many-to-many>元素进行配置,Hibernate会自动生成中间表。
如下图所示:
Role实体类:
package com.demo.domain;
public class Role {
private int id;
private String name;
public int getId() {
return id;
}
public void setId(int id) {
this.id = id;
}
public String getName() {
return name;
}
public void setName(String name) {
this.name = name;
}
}
Role实体类的对象关系映射文件:
<?xml version="1.0"?>
<!DOCTYPE hibernate-mapping PUBLIC
"-//Hibernate/Hibernate Mapping DTD 3.0//EN"
"http://hibernate.sourceforge.net/hibernate-mapping-3.0.dtd">
<hibernate-mapping>
<class name="com.demo.domain.Role" table="t_role">
<id name="id">
<generator class="native"/>
</id>
<property name="name"/>
</class>
</hibernate-mapping>
User实体类:
package com.demo.domain;
import java.util.HashSet;
import java.util.Set;
public class User {
private int id;
private String name;
private Set<Role> roles = new HashSet<Role>();
public int getId() {
return id;
}
public void setId(int id) {
this.id = id;
}
public String getName() {
return name;
}
public void setName(String name) {
this.name = name;
}
public Set<Role> getRoles() {
return roles;
}
public void setRoles(Set<Role> roles) {
this.roles = roles;
}
}
User实体类的对象关系映射文件:
<?xml version="1.0"?>
<!DOCTYPE hibernate-mapping PUBLIC
"-//Hibernate/Hibernate Mapping DTD 3.0//EN"
"http://hibernate.sourceforge.net/hibernate-mapping-3.0.dtd">
<hibernate-mapping>
<class name="com.demo.domain.User" table="t_user">
<id name="id">
<generator class="native"/>
</id>
<property name="name"/>
<set name="roles" table="t_user_role">
<key column="user_id"/>
<many-to-many class="com.demo.domain.Role" column="role_id" />
</set>
</class>
</hibernate-mapping>
测试类:
package com.demo.test;
import java.util.HashSet;
import java.util.Iterator;
import java.util.Set;
import org.hibernate.Session;
import com.demo.domain.HibernateUtils;
import com.demo.domain.Role;
import com.demo.domain.User;
import junit.framework.TestCase;
public class Many2ManyTest extends TestCase {
public void testSave1() {
Session session = null;
try {
session = HibernateUtils.getSession();
session.beginTransaction();
Role r1 = new Role();
r1.setName("数据录入人员");
session.save(r1);
Role r2 = new Role();
r2.setName("商务主管");
session.save(r2);
Role r3 = new Role();
r3.setName("商务经理");
session.save(r3);
Role r4 = new Role();
r4.setName("项目会计");
session.save(r4);
User u1 = new User();
u1.setName("张三");
Set<Role> u1Roles = new HashSet<Role>();
u1Roles.add(r1);
u1Roles.add(r2);
u1.setRoles(u1Roles);
session.save(u1);
User u2 = new User();
u2.setName("李四");
Set<Role> u2Roles = new HashSet<Role>();
u2Roles.add(r1);
u2Roles.add(r2);
u2Roles.add(r3);
u2.setRoles(u2Roles);
session.save(u2);
User u3 = new User();
u3.setName("王五");
Set<Role> u3Roles = new HashSet<Role>();
u3Roles.add(r3);
u3Roles.add(r4);
u3.setRoles(u3Roles);
session.save(u3);
session.getTransaction().commit();
}catch(Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
session.getTransaction().rollback();
}finally {
HibernateUtils.closeSession(session);
}
}
public void testLoad1() {
Session session = null;
try {
session = HibernateUtils.getSession();
session.beginTransaction();
User user = (User)session.load(User.class, 2);
System.out.println(user.getName());
for (Iterator<Role> iter=user.getRoles().iterator(); iter.hasNext();) {
Role role = (Role)iter.next();
System.out.println(role.getName());
}
session.getTransaction().commit();
}catch(Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
session.getTransaction().rollback();
}finally {
HibernateUtils.closeSession(session);
}
}
}
testSave1()方法:
控制台输出:
数据库显示:
testLoad1()方法
控制台输出:
需要注意:生成的中间表名称必须一样;生成的中间表中的字段必须一样。