概念 OLTP vs. OLAP

最新推荐文章于 2025-06-07 19:24:53 发布

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#transactions #processing #database #insert #schema #delete

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本文对比了在线交易处理(OLTP)与在线分析处理(OLAP)的特点。OLTP侧重于快速处理短事务，强调数据完整性和高并发处理能力；而OLAP则适用于复杂查询及聚合操作，常用于数据挖掘，提供历史数据的多维度分析。

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- OLTP (On-line Transaction Processing) is characterized by a large number of short on-line transactions (INSERT, UPDATE, DELETE). The main emphasis for OLTP systems is put on very fast query processing, maintaining data integrity in multi-access environments and an effectiveness measured by number of transactions per second. In OLTP database there is detailed and current data, and schema used to store transactional databases is the entity model (usually 3NF).

- OLAP (On-line Analytical Processing) is characterized by relatively low volume of transactions. Queries are often very complex and involve aggregations. For OLAP systems a response time is an effectiveness measure. OLAP applications are widely used by Data Mining techniques. In OLAP database there is aggregated, historical data, stored in multi-dimensional schemas (usually star schema).