android 之 JNI 详解（三）-优快云博客

本文详细介绍了在Android中如何通过JNI注册本地方法，以提高函数调用效率，并实现运行时的替换功能。

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3.registerNativeMethods()函数的用途

　　应用层级的Java类别透过VM而呼叫到本地函数。一般是仰赖VM去寻找*.so里的本地函数。如果需要连续呼叫很多次，每次都需要寻找一遍，会多花许多时间。此时，组件开发者可以自行将本地函数向VM进行登记。例如，在Android的/system/lib/libmedia_jni.so档案里的代码段如下：

java代码：

//#define LOG_NDEBUG 0
#define LOG_TAG "MediaPlayer-JNI"
static JNINativeMethod gMethods[] = {
{"setDataSource", "(Ljava/lang/String;)V",(void *)android_media_MediaPlayer_setDataSource},　{"setDataSource", "(Ljava/io/FileDescriptor;JJ)V",(void *)android_media_MediaPlayer_setDataSourceFD},
{"prepare", "()V", (void *)android_media_MediaPlayer_prepare},
{"prepareAsync", "()V", (void *)android_media_MediaPlayer_prepareAsync},
{"_start", "()V", (void *)android_media_MediaPlayer_start},
{"_stop", "()V", (void *)android_media_MediaPlayer_stop},
{"getVideoWidth", "()I", (void *)android_media_MediaPlayer_getVideoWidth},
{"getVideoHeight", "()I", (void *)android_media_MediaPlayer_getVideoHeight},
{"seekTo", "(I)V", (void *)android_media_MediaPlayer_seekTo},
{"_pause", "()V", (void *)android_media_MediaPlayer_pause},
{"isPlaying", "()Z", (void *)android_media_MediaPlayer_isPlaying},
{"getCurrentPosition", "()I", (void *)android_media_MediaPlayer_getCurrentPosition},
{"getDuration", "()I", (void *)android_media_MediaPlayer_getDuration},
{"_release", "()V", (void *)android_media_MediaPlayer_release},
{"_reset", "()V", (void *)android_media_MediaPlayer_reset},
{"setAudioStreamType","(I)V", (void *)android_media_MediaPlayer_setAudioStreamType},
{"setLooping", "(Z)V", (void *)android_media_MediaPlayer_setLooping},
{"setVolume", "(FF)V", (void *)android_media_MediaPlayer_setVolume},
{"getFrameAt", "(I)Landroid/graphics/Bitmap;",(void *)android_media_MediaPlayer_getFrameAt},
{"native_setup", "(Ljava/lang/Object;)V",(void *)android_media_MediaPlayer_native_setup},
{"native_finalize", "()V", (void *)android_media_MediaPlayer_native_finalize},
};
static int register_android_media_MediaPlayer(JNIEnv *env){
return AndroidRuntime::registerNativeMethods(env,"android/media/MediaPlayer", gMethods, NELEM(gMethods));
}

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java代码：

jint JNI_OnLoad(JavaVM* vm, void* reserved){
if (register_android_media_MediaPlayer(env) < 0) {
LOGE("ERROR: MediaPlayer native registration failed ");
goto bail;
}
}

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当VM载入libmedia_jni.so档案时，就呼叫JNI_OnLoad()函数。接着，JNI_OnLoad()呼叫 register_android_media_MediaPlayer()函数。此时，就呼叫到 AndroidRuntime::registerNativeMethods()函数，向VM(即AndroidRuntime)登记 gMethods[]表格所含的本地函数了。简而言之，registerNativeMethods()函数的用途有二：

　　(1)更有效率去找到函数。
　　(2)可在执行期间进行抽换。由于gMethods[]是一个<名称，函数指针>对照表，在程序执行时，可多次呼叫registerNativeMethods()函数来更换本地函数之指针，而达到弹性抽换本地函数之目的。

系列之Android 深入研究JNI（三）的帖子链接http://www.eoeandroid.com/thread-87011-1-1.html