init-connectMysql对用户操作加审计功能-优快云博客

本文介绍如何利用MySQL的init-connect参数和日志表实现用户登录行为的审计，包括追踪操作时间及操作者等关键信息。

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在MYSQL中，每个连接都会先执行init-connect，进行连接的初始化。我们可以在这里获取用户的登录名称和thread的ID值。然后配合binlog，就可以追踪到每个操作语句的操作时间，操作人等。实现审计。

实验过程：
1：创建登录日志库，登录日志表

CREATE DATABASE `accesslog`;
USE `accesslog`;
CREATE TABLE `accesslog` 
(
  `id` int(11) NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT,
  `thread_id` int(11) DEFAULT NULL, #线程ID，这个值很重要
  `log_time` timestamp NOT NULL DEF AULT CURRENT_TIMESTAMP ON UPDATE CURRENT_TIMESTAMP, #登录时间
  `localname` varchar(30) DEFAULT NULL, #登录名称
  `matchname` varchar(30) DEFAULT NULL, #登录用户
  PRIMARY KEY (`id`)
) ENGINE=InnoDB AUTO_INCREMENT=1 DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8;

2：在配置文件中配置init-connect参数。登录时插入日志表。如果这个参数是个错误的SQL语句，登录就会失败。

init-connect='insert into accesslog.accesslog values(null,connection_id(),now(),user(),current_user());'

3：创建普通用户，不能有super权限。init-connect对具有super权限的用户不起作用。同时此用户必须要有INSERT权限，如果没有，登录后的任何操作都会导致MYSQL登录失败。

grant insert,select,update on *.* to 'user1'@'localhost'; #带INSERT权限
grant select,update on *.* to 'user2'@'localhost'; #不带INSERT权限

4：SESSION1登录，并查看日志

D:\mysql6\bin>mysql -uuser1 -p
Enter password:
Welcome to the MySQL monitor. Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MySQL connection id is 65
Server version: 5.1.45-community-log MySQL Community Server (GPL)
Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.
mysql> select * FROM accesslog.accesslog;
+----+-----------+---------------------+-----------------+-----------------+
| id | thread_id | log_time | localname | matchname |
+----+-----------+---------------------+-----------------+-----------------+
| 1 | 65 | 2011-03-11 19:18:25 | user1@localhost | user1@localhost |
+----+-----------+---------------------+-----------------+-----------------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)
mysql> show processlist;
+----+-------+----------------+------+---------+------+-------+------------------+
| Id | User | Host | db | Command | Time | State | Info |
+----+-------+----------------+------+---------+------+-------+------------------+
| 65 | user1 | localhost:1339 | NULL | Query | 0 | NULL | show processlist |
+----+-------+----------------+------+---------+------+-------+------------------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)
mysql>

5：再用user2登录

D:\mysql6\bin>mysql -uuser2 -p
Enter password:
Welcome to the MySQL monitor. Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MySQL connection id is 76
Server version: 5.1.45-community-log
Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.
mysql> select * FROM accesslog.accesslog;
ERROR 2006 (HY000): MySQL server has gone away
No connection. Trying to reconnect...
Connection id: 77
Current database: *** NONE ***
ERROR 2013 (HY000): Lost connection to MySQL server during query
mysql> select * FROM accesslog.accesslog;
ERROR 2006 (HY000): MySQL server has gone away
No connection. Trying to reconnect...
Connection id: 78
Current database: *** NONE ***

看下错误日志

110311 19:23:47 [Warning] Aborted connection 77 to db: 'unconnected' user: 'user2' host: 'localhost' (init_connect command failed)
110311 19:23:47 [Warning] INSERT command denied to user 'user2'@'localhost' for table 'accesslog'
110311 19:23:53 [Warning] Aborted connection 78 to db: 'unconnected' user: 'user2' host: 'localhost' (init_connect command failed)
110311 19:23:53 [Warning] INSERT command denied to user 'user2'@'localhost' for table 'accesslog'

6：下面以USER1登录，并做一个INSERT操作，查看日志文件。

mysql> insert into t3 values(10,10,'2011-10-10 00:00:00');
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec)
mysql> show processlist;
+----+-------+----------------+-----------+---------+------+-------+------------------+
| Id | User | Host | db | Command | Time | State | Info |
+----+-------+----------------+-----------+---------+------+-------+------------------+
| 69 | user1 | localhost:1439 | accesslog | Query | 0 | NULL | show processlist |
+----+-------+----------------+-----------+---------+------+-------+------------------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)
mysql> select * from accesslog.accesslog;
+----+-----------+---------------------+-----------------+-----------------+
| id | thread_id | log_time | localname | matchname |
+----+-----------+---------------------+-----------------+-----------------+
| 1 | 65 | 2011-03-11 19:18:25 | user1@localhost | user1@localhost |
| 2 | 91 | 2011-03-11 19:28:33 | user1@localhost | user1@localhost |
| 3 | 2 | 2011-03-11 19:31:49 | user1@localhost | user1@localhost |
| 4 | 2 | 2000-10-10 10:10:10 | user1@localhost | user1@localhost |
| 5 | 21 | 2000-10-10 11:11:11 | root@localhost | root@% |
| 6 | 69 | 2011-03-12 21:35:43 | user1@localhost | user1@localhost |
+----+-----------+---------------------+-----------------+-----------------+
6 rows in set (0.01 sec)

查看日志文件的内容

# at 340
#110312 21:36:01 server id 1 end_log_pos 453 Query thread_id=69 exec_time=0 error_code=0
use text/*!*/;
SET TIMESTAMP=1299936961/*!*/;
insert into t3 values(10,10,'2011-10-10 00:00:00')
/*!*/;
# at 453