1. 安装Session数据库
在Framework目录
C:/WINDOWS/Microsoft.NET/Framework/v2.0.50727
运行下面的命令:
aspnet_regsql.exe -ssadd -sstype c -d [DB] -S [Server] –E
-E是使用Windows认证,也可以使用数据库认证:
aspnet_regsql.exe -ssadd -sstype c -d [DB] -S [Server] –U [User Name] – P [Password]
在指定的SQL Server服务器的指定数据库中建立Session数据库,可以是个单独的数据库,也就是可以是程序所用的数据库,也可以不给名字,那么会使用一个默认的数据库名称。创建完成后,在Sql Server里给上相应的帐号权限。
2. 修改web.config:
<sessionState mode="SQLServer" allowCustomSqlDatabase="true" sqlConnectionString="data source=[Server];initial catalog=[DB];user id=[User Name];password=[Password]"
cookieless="false"
timeout="20" />
如果使用默认的数据库名称,如下:
<sessionState mode="SQLServer" sqlConnectionString="data source=[Server];user id=[User Name];password=[Password]"
cookieless="false"
timeout="20" />
这样程序的Session就会存储到数据库中了,需要注意的是,这样配置以后,存到Session中的对象必须是可序列化的,如果是自定义的类,那么就要加上[Seriablizable]属性。
3.注意在进行系统测试(主要是负载测试)的时候,因为数据库访问负载的增加,需要调整SQL Server相应超时的配置项以适应负载。(默认值为10,请适度进行调整。)
ASP.NET Session状态数据库数据模型
1.ASPStateTempSessions表定义
列名 类型 描述 SessionId nvarchar(88) Session ID + application ID Created datetime Date and time session was created (UTC) Expires datetime Date and time session expires (UTC) LockDate datetime UTC date and time session was locked LockDateLocal datetime Local date and time session was locked LockCookie int Lock ID Timeout int Session timeout in minutes Locked bit 1=Session locked, 0=Session not locked SessionItemShort varbinary(7000) Serialized session state (if <= 7,000 bytes) SessionItemLong image Serialized session state (if > 7,000 bytes) Flags int Session state flags (1=Uninitialized session)
2.ASPStateTempApplications表定义
列名 类型 描述 AppId int Application ID AppName char(280) Application name
3.使用的存储过程
Stored Procedure | Description |
---|---|
CreateTempTables | Creates the ASPStateTempSessions and ASPStateTempApplications tables; called during setup, but not called by SqlSessionStateStore. |
DeleteExpiredSessions | Used by SQL Server Agent to remove expired sessions. |
GetHashCode | Hashes an application name and returns the hash; called by TempGetAppID. |
GetMajorVersion | Returns SQL Server's major version number. |
TempGetAppID | Converts an application name into an application ID; queries the ASPStateTempApplications table and inserts a new record if necessary. |
TempGetStateItem | Retrieves read-only session state from the database (ASP.NET 1.0; ASP.NET 1.1/SQL Server 7). |
TempGetStateItem2 | Retrieves read-only session state from the database (ASP.NET 1.1). |
TempGetStateItem3 | Retrieves read-only session state from the database (ASP.NET 2.0). |
TempGetStateItemExclusive | Retrieves read/write session state from the database (ASP.NET 1.0; ASP.NET 1.1/SQL Server 7). |
TempGetStateItemExclusive2 | Retrieves read/write session state from the database (ASP.NET 1.1). |
TempGetStateItemExclusive3 | Retrieves read/write session state from the database (ASP.NET 2.0). |
TempGetVersion | Marker whose presence indicates to ASP.NET 2.0 that the session state database is ASP.NET 2.0-compatible. |
TempInsertStateItemLong | Adds a new session, whose size is > 7,000 bytes, to the database. |
TempInsertStateItemShort | Adds a new session, whose size is <= 7,000 bytes, to the database. |
TempInsertUninitializedItem | Adds a new uninitialized session to the database in support of cookieless sessions. |
TempReleaseStateItemExclusive | Releases a lock on a session; called when ASP.NET determines that a request has timed out and calls the provider's ReleaseItemExclusive method. |
TempRemoveStateItem | Removes a session from the database when the session is abandoned. |
TempResetTimeout | Resets a session's timeout by writing the current date and time to the corresponding record's Expires field. |
TempUpdateStateItemLong | Updates a session whose size is > 7,000 bytes. |
TempUpdateStateItemLongNullShort | Updates a session whose old size is <= 7,000 bytes, but whose new size is > 7,000 bytes. |
TempUpdateStateItemShort | Updates a session whose size is <= 7,000 bytes. |
TempUpdateStateItemShortNullLong | Updates a session whose old size is > 7,000 bytes, but whose new size is <= 7,000 bytes. |
ASP.NET 状态数据库FAQ
1.如果把SESSION值存放到数据库中去,用户关闭了程序那怎么样清空数据库里的SESSION值呢?
实际ASP.NET在创建状态数据库的时候会在SQL Server代理(SQL Server Agent)的作业中添加一个作业,名称为<状态数据库名>_Job_DeleteExpiredSessions。如果打开SQL Server代理服务数据库可以通过添加的状态记录的超时时间字段(Exprires)定期对超时的状态数据进行删除。
2.ASPStateTempSessions表中的SessionId字段如何使用?
数据库中此表的SessionID字段的值,由SessionID和AppID共同组成,最后8位为AppID所以,后8位之前一定是SessionID。例如,存储在数据库中的值为"ekr30c3mwvnc3145yrswew3a037e5e5a",后8位的"037e5e5a"为AppID,而前面的"ekr30c3mwvnc3145yrswew3a"为应用程序中你可以使用Session.SessionID获得的字符串。
3.如何判断Session何时被更新的?
Session记录被更新时会同时更新Expires和LockDateLocal,Expires字段为UTC时间,如果想通过本地之间进行比较判断还是需要使用LockDateLocal。
4.获得Web.config配置文件节点信息的程序?


''获得Web.config文件配置实例
Dim configuration As System.Configuration.Configuration = System.Web.Configuration.WebConfigurationManager.OpenWebConfiguration("~/web.config")
''获得状态配置节点实例
Dim mSessionStateSection As System.Web.Configuration.SessionStateSection = CType(configuration.GetSection("system.web/sessionState"),System.Web.Configuration.SessionStateSection)
''获得状态模式
Response.Write(mSessionStateSection.Mode)
''获得状态超时时间
Response.Write(mSessionStateSection.Timeout)