在对PostgreSQL进行参数优化后，启动服务时出现'could not create semaphores: No space left on device'错误。这并非磁盘空间不足，而是系统限制了最大连接数。解决方案是调整内核参数，如kernel.sem，并重新加载配置。通过增加共享内存等参数，可以解决这个问题。
服务器32G内存空间
参数优化
$ vi postgresql.conf
shared_buffers = 3072MB
max_connections = 4000
work_mem = 4MB
effective_cache_size = 4GB
maintenance_work_mem = 512MB
wal_buffers = 256
具体优化参数解释参考：https://blog.youkuaiyun.com/zhousenshan/article/details/70233820
启动服务出错
$ pg_ctl -D /data/pg_data start
server starting
$ LOG: could not create IPv6 socket: Address family not supported by protocol
FATAL: could not create semaphores: No space left on device
DETAIL: Failed system call was semget(5432124, 17, 03600).
HINT: This error does *not* mean that you have run out of disk space. It occurs when either the system limit for the maximum number of semaphore sets (SEMMNI), or the system wide maximum number of semaphores (SEMMNS), would be exceeded. You need to raise the respective kernel parameter.
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