c++模板类&&模板函数

模板函数：

template <typename T>

func()

模板类：

template <class T>

class ClassName{

public:

void add(T a){

}

}

template <class T>

void ClassName<T>::add(T a){

}

#include 
#include 

#include 
#include 
#include 

using namespace std;

/**
* Template Function
*/

/*

template 
inline T const& Max(T const& a, T const& b){
	return a < b ? b : a;
}

int main(){
	int i = 39;
	int j = 20;
	cout << "Max(i, j):" << Max(i, j) << endl;

	double f1 = 13.5;
	double f2 = 20.7;
	cout << "Max(f1, f2):" << Max(f1, f2) << endl;

	string s1 = "Hello";
	string s2 = "World";
	cout << "Max(s1, s2):" << Max(s1, s2) << endl;

	return 0;
}
*/

/*Template Class*/
template 
class Stack{
private:
	vector elems;

public:
	void push(T const&);
	void pop();
	T top() const;//constant function do not change the variable member's value
	bool empty() const{
		return elems.empty();
	}
	int depth(){
		return elems.size();
	}
};

template 
void Stack::push(T const& elem){
	elems.push_back(elem);
}

template 
void Stack::pop(){
	if (elems.empty()){
		throw out_of_range("Stack<>::pop():empty");
	}

	elems.pop_back();
}

template 
T Stack::top() const{
	if (elems.empty()){
		throw out_of_range("Stack<>::pop():empty");
	}

	return elems.back();
}

int main(){

	try{
		Stack intStack;
		Stack stringStack;

		intStack.push(7);
		cout << intStack.top() << endl;
		cout << "intStack size " << intStack.depth() << endl;

		stringStack.push("hello");
		stringStack.push("hi");
		cout << stringStack.top() << std::endl;
		cout << "stringStack size " << stringStack.depth() << endl;
		stringStack.pop();
		cout << "Pop stringStack size " << stringStack.depth() << endl;
		stringStack.pop();
		cout << "Pop stringStack size " << stringStack.depth() << endl;
		stringStack.pop();
	}
	catch (exception const& ex){
		cerr << "Exception:" << ex.what() << endl;
		return -1;
	}
	
}