第七周项目四，五合集----复数模版类以及拓展模版中使用友元函数

/*
* 程序的版权和版本声明部分
* Copyright (c)2013, 烟台大学计算机学院学生
* All rightsreserved.
* 文件名称： object.cpp
* 作者：赵晓晨
* 完成日期： 2013年04月15日
* 版本号： v1.0
* 输入描述：无
* 问题描述：无
* 程序输出：无
*/
#include <iostream>
using namespace std;
template<class T>   //声明类模版，虚拟类型名为T

class Complex   
{
public:
      Complex( )
	  {real=0;imag=0;}      
      Complex(T r,T i)
	  {real=r;imag=i;}    
      Complex complex_add(Complex &c2);
      Complex complex_minus(Complex &c2);
      Complex complex_multiply(Complex &c2);
      Complex complex_divide(Complex &c2);
      void display( );   
private:
      T real;    
      T imag;
};
  
//复数相加：(a+bi)+(c+di)=(a+c)+(b+d)i.
template<class T>   //每一个成员函数的定义前，必须要声明类模板
Complex<T> Complex<T>::complex_add(Complex<T> &c2)
{   
      Complex<T> c;    
      c.real=real+c2.real;
      c.imag=imag+c2.imag;
      return c;
}


//复数相减：(a+bi)-(c+di)=(a-c)+(b-d)i.
template <class T>      
Complex<T> Complex<T>::complex_minus(Complex <T> &c2)      
{      
      Complex <T> c;      
      c.real=real-c2.real;      
      c.imag=imag-c2.imag;      
      return c;      
}      
    
//复数相乘：(a+bi)(c+di)=(ac－bd)+(bc+ad)i.
template <class T>      
Complex<T> Complex<T>::complex_multiply(Complex <T> &c2)        
{      
      Complex <T> c;      
      c.real=real*c2.real-imag*c2.imag;      
      c.imag=imag*c2.real+real*c2.imag;      
      return c;      
}      
    
//复数相除：(a+bi)/(c+di)=(ac+bd)/(c^2+d^2) +(bc-ad)/(c^2+d^2)i
template <class T>      
Complex<T> Complex<T>::complex_divide(Complex <T> &c2)        
{      
      Complex <T> c;      
      T d=c2.real*c2.real+c2.imag*c2.imag;
      c.real=(real*c2.real+imag*c2.imag)/d;       
      c.imag=(imag*c2.real-real*c2.imag)/d;      
      return c;      
}  
  
template<class T>
void Complex<T>::display( )   
{
      cout<<"("<<real<<","<<imag<<"i)"<<endl;
}
  
int main( )
{
      Complex<int> c1(3,4),c2(5,-10),c3; 
      c3=c1.complex_add(c2);  
      cout<<"c1+c2=";
      c3.display( );  
      Complex<double> c4(3.1,4.4),c5(5.34,-10.21),c6; 
      c6=c4.complex_add(c5);  
      cout<<"c4+c5=";
      c6.display( );


      c6=c4.complex_minus(c5);  
      cout<<"c4-c5=";
      c6.display( );


      c6=c4.complex_multiply(c5);  
      cout<<"c4*c5=";
      c6.display( );


      c6=c4.complex_divide(c5);  
      cout<<"c4/c5=";
      c6.display( );
      system("PAUSE");
      return 0;
}


#include <iostream>
using namespace std;

template<class T1>
class Complex
{
public:
	Complex( ){real=0;imag=0;}
	Complex(T1 r,T1 i){real=r;imag=i;}
	Complex complex_add(const Complex &c2);
	template<class T2> friend Complex<T2> add_complex(const Complex<T2> &c1, const Complex<T2> &c2);  
	void display( );
private:
	T1 real;
	T1 imag;
};

template<class T1>
Complex<T1> Complex<T1>::complex_add(const Complex<T1> &c2)
{
	Complex<T1> c;
	c.real=real+c2.real;
	c.imag=imag+c2.imag;
	return c;
}

//利用了模板的友元函数的定义
template<class T1>
Complex<T1> add_complex(const Complex<T1> &c1, const Complex<T1> &c2)
{
	Complex<T1> c;
	c.real=c1.real+c2.real;
	c.imag=c1.imag+c2.imag;
	return c;
}

template<class T1>
void Complex<T1>::display( )
{
	cout<<"("<<real<<","<<imag<<"i)"<<endl;
}

int main( )
{
	Complex<int> c1(3,4),c2(5,-10),c3;
	c3=c1.complex_add(c2);
	cout<<"c1+c2=";
	c3.display( );
	Complex<double> c4(3.1,4.4),c5(5.34,-10.21),c6;
	c6=c4.complex_add(c5);
	cout<<"c4+c5=";
	c6.display( );
	Complex<int> c7;

	c7=add_complex(c1,c2);  //需要在模板类中有一个友员函数支持加法运算，有两个形参
	cout<<"c1+c2=";
	c7.display( );
	return 0;
}