CentOS7下yum安装Jenkins

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本文详细介绍了如何通过RPM包在Linux环境下安装Jenkins自动化服务器，包括下载依赖、导入秘钥、安装、配置JDK路径、更改端口、启动服务以及解决启动失败的常见问题。同时，提供了从安装到初次访问Jenkins的完整步骤。

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1.下载依赖

sudo wget -O /etc/yum.repos.d/jenkins.repo https://pkg.jenkins.io/redhat-stable/jenkins.repo

2.导入秘钥

sudo rpm --import https://pkg.jenkins.io/redhat-stable/jenkins.io.key

3.安装

yum install jenkins

等待jenkins安装完毕

4.启动前检查是否已安装jdk

java -version

#显示java参数即证明已安装jdk

[root@ding sysconfig]# java -version

java version "1.8.0_201"

Java(TM) SE Runtime Environment (build 1.8.0_201-b09)

Java HotSpot(TM) 64-Bit Server VM (build 25.201-b09, mixed mode)

[root@ding sysconfig]#

5.查找jenkins安装路径

rpm -ql jenkins

jenkins安装路径

[root@ding sysconfig]# rpm -ql jenkins

/etc/init.d/jenkins

/etc/logrotate.d/jenkins

/etc/sysconfig/jenkins

/usr/lib/jenkins

/usr/lib/jenkins/jenkins.war

/usr/sbin/rcjenkins

/var/cache/jenkins

/var/lib/jenkins

/var/log/jenkins

[root@ding sysconfig]#

jenkins相关目录释义：
（1）/usr/lib/jenkins/：jenkins安装目录，war包会放在这里。
( 2 ) /etc/sysconfig/jenkins：jenkins配置文件，“端口”，“JENKINS_HOME”等都可以在这里配置。
（3）/var/lib/jenkins/：默认的JENKINS_HOME。
（4）/var/log/jenkins/jenkins.log：jenkins日志文件。

6.配置jenkins
（1）查找jenkins端口,并修改端口为8899

cat /etc/sysconfig/jenkins

查找到jenkins端口为8080

vim /etc/sysconfig/jenkins

（2）启动jenkins

sudo service jenkins start

[root@ding jenkins]# sudo service jenkins start

Starting jenkins (via systemctl): Job for jenkins.service failed because the control process exited with error code. See "systemctl status jenkins.service" and "journalctl -xe" for details.

[FAILED]

[root@ding jenkins]#

　　通过RPM安装Jenkins简单方便,不太需要复杂的过程，但是在安装完成以后启动Jenkins的时候提示“Starting jenkins (via systemctl): Job for jenkins.service failed because the control process exited with error code. See "systemctl status jenkins.service" and "journalctl -xe" for details.”，此时无法启动Jenkins，需要执行systemctl status jenkins.service来检查下其状态；

通过检查Jenkins的运行状态我们可以捕捉到启动的时候报错“Starting Jenkins bash: /usr/bin/java: No such file or directory”，没有找到jdk；

[root@ding jenkins]# systemctl status jenkins.service

● jenkins.service - LSB: Jenkins Automation Server

Loaded: loaded (/etc/rc.d/init.d/jenkins; bad; vendor preset: disabled)

Active: failed (Result: exit-code) since Sun 2019-02-17 15:22:06 CST; 1min 34s ago

Docs: man:systemd-sysv-generator(8)

Process: 6694 ExecStart=/etc/rc.d/init.d/jenkins start (code=exited, status=1/FAILURE)

Feb 17 15:22:06 ding.com systemd[1]: Starting LSB: Jenkins Automation Server...

Feb 17 15:22:06 ding.com runuser[6699]: pam_unix(runuser:session): session opened for user jenkins by (uid=0)

Feb 17 15:22:06 ding.com jenkins[6694]: Starting Jenkins bash: /usr/bin/java: No such file or directory

Feb 17 15:22:06 ding.com runuser[6699]: pam_unix(runuser:session): session closed for user jenkins

Feb 17 15:22:06 ding.com jenkins[6694]: [FAILED]