opencv：帧差法（c++版）

#include <opencv2/opencv.hpp>
 using namespace std;
 using namespace cv;

int main (int argc, char** argv) 
{
	VideoCapture capture("2.avi");
	if (!capture.isOpened())
        {
            cout<<"No camera or video input!\n"<<endl;
            return -1;
        }
	Mat frame;
	Mat gray ;
	Mat gray_dilate1 ;
	Mat gray_dilate2 ;
	Mat gray_dilate3 ;
	Mat background,foreground,foreground_BW;
	Mat mid_filer;   //中值滤波法后的照片
	//---------------------------------------------------------------------
	//获取视频的宽度、高度、帧率、总的帧数
	int frameH    = capture.get(CV_CAP_PROP_FRAME_HEIGHT); //获取帧高
    int frameW    = capture.get(CV_CAP_PROP_FRAME_WIDTH);  //获取帧宽
    int fps       = capture.get(CV_CAP_PROP_FPS);          //获取帧率
    int numFrames = capture.get(CV_CAP_PROP_FRAME_COUNT);  //获取整个帧数
	int num=numFrames;
    printf("vedio's \nwidth = %d\t height = %d\n video's fps = %d\t nums = %d", frameW, frameH, fps, numFrames);  
	//---------------------------------------------------------------------
	Mat frame_0,frame_1;//Mat m(3, 5, CV_32FC1, 1);
	//---------------------------------------------------------------------
	while(1)
	{
	   capture>>frame;
	   imshow("frame_resize",frame);
	   cvtColor( frame,gray, CV_RGB2GRAY );
	   //-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------
	   //选择前一帧作为背景（读入第一帧时，第一帧作为背景）
	   if(num==numFrames)
	   {
		   background=gray.clone();
		   frame_0=background;
	   }
	   else
	   {
		    background=frame_0; 
	   }
	   //------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
	   absdiff(gray,background,foreground);//用帧差法求前景
	   imshow("foreground",foreground);
	   Mat element = getStructuringElement(MORPH_RECT,Size(5,5));

	   
	   threshold( foreground, foreground_BW, 30, 255 , 0 );//二值化通常设置为50  255
	   //threshold(foreground, foreground_BW, 0, 255 ,CV_THRESH_BINARY | CV_THRESH_OTSU) ;  //此处使用大津法  自适应取阈值
	   imshow("foreground_BW",foreground_BW);
	   medianBlur(foreground_BW,mid_filer,3);     //中值滤波法
	   imshow("mid_filer",mid_filer);
	   dilate(mid_filer,gray_dilate1,element);
	   imshow("gray_dilate1",gray_dilate1);
	   dilate(gray_dilate1,gray_dilate2,element);
	   imshow("gray_dilate2",gray_dilate2);
	   dilate(gray_dilate2,gray_dilate3,element);
	   imshow("gray_dilate3",gray_dilate3);

	   frame_0=gray.clone();
	   num--;
	   char c = waitKey(33);
	   if( c ==27 ) break;
	   if (num < 1)
		   return -1;
	}
}

实验结果如下：