搭建springWeb保姆级教程

最新推荐文章于 2025-02-10 22:01:46 发布

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#spring #java #后端

经过我们对mybatis和spring框架的学习，我们即将要用框架进行前后端数据交互，已经脱离了那种用servlet的方式进行数据传输，今天让我们来搭建最基本的springweb框架！！！

1.创建一个web项目

2. 选择一个web项目

2.将spring集成mybatis

1.导入mybatis Jar包

<dependency>
<groupId>org.mybatis</groupId>
<artifactId>mybatis-spring</artifactId>
<version>1.3.1</version>
</dependency>

2.配置 sqlSessionFactory(在spring-mybatis.xml中)

 <bean id="sqlSessionFactory" class="org.mybatis.spring.SqlSessionFactoryBean">
   <!-- 注入数据源-->
        <property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource"></property>
  <!-- 配置mybatis配置文件       -->
        <property name="configLocation" value="classpath:mybatis-config.xml"></property>
   <!--扫描SQl映射文件        -->
        <property name="mapperLocations" value="classpath:mappers/*Mappers.xml">
        </property>
    </bean>
<!--让spring框架生成接口代理对象-->
    <bean id="mapperFactory"
          class="org.mybatis.spring.mapper.MapperScannerConfigurer">
        <property name="basePackage" value="com.ffyc.ssm.dao"></property>
        <property name="sqlSessionFactoryBeanName" value="sqlSessionFactory">
        </property>
    </bean>

3.将比较常用的包导入到项目中

<!--mybatis,mysql,druid数据源，单元测试  -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>mysql</groupId>
            <artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId>
            <version>8.0.16</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.mybatis</groupId>
            <artifactId>mybatis</artifactId>
            <version>3.4.2</version>
        </dependency>
        <!--junit-->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>junit</groupId>
            <artifactId>junit</artifactId>
            <version>4.12</version>
            <scope>provided</scope>
        </dependency>
        <!-- 阿里数据源 -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>com.alibaba</groupId>
            <artifactId>druid</artifactId>
            <version>1.1.10</version>
        </dependency>
<!--  spring-context,aop,jdbc -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-context</artifactId>
            <version>5.2.2.RELEASE</version>
        </dependency>
        <!-- spring-jdbc -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-jdbc</artifactId>
            <version>5.2.2.RELEASE</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>mysql</groupId>
            <artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId>
            <version>8.0.16</version>
        </dependency>
         <!-- spring-aop-->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-aspects</artifactId>
            <version>5.2.2.RELEASE</version>
        </dependency>

4.创建响应的包和类

5.配置对应的mybatis-config.xml文件

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?>
<!DOCTYPE configuration
        PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Config
3.0//EN"
        "http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-config.dtd">
<configuration>

    <settings>
        <setting name="logImpl" value="STDOUT_LOGGING"/>
    </settings>
    <!--    类型别名可为 Java 类型设置一个缩写名字。 它仅用于 XML 配置，意在降低冗余的全限定类名书写-->
    <typeAliases>
        <package name="com.ffyc.ssm.model"/>
    </typeAliases>


</configuration>

6.配置spring.xml,开启全局扫描

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
       xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
       xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop"
       xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
       xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop.xsd">
          <!--注解功能封装在AOP包中,开启注解扫描-->
    <context:component-scan base-package="com.ffyc.ssm"> </context:component-scan>
    <!--配置数据库 Aop(切面编程)的xml文件,运行时解析xml文件-->

     <!--开启自动代理-->
    <aop:aspectj-autoproxy />
</beans>

7.配置数据库db.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
       xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
       xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
       xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx"
       xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
       http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx.xsd">
<!--  配置JDBC功能的配置  负责加载config.properties文件-->
    <context:property-placeholder location="classpath:config.properties"></context:property-placeholder>
<!--spring统一管理数据库连接对象-->
    <bean id="dataSource" class="com.alibaba.druid.pool.DruidDataSource">

        <property name="driverClassName" value="${driver}"></property>
        <property name="url" value="${url}"></property>
        <property name="username" value="${uname}"></property>
        <property name="password" value="${pwd}"></property>
        <property name="initialSize" value="5"></property>
        <property name="maxActive" value="10"></property>

</bean>


    <!-- 配置 spring 事务管理类, 并注入数据源 -->
    <bean id="transactionManager"
          class="org.springframework.jdbc.datasource.DataSourceTransactionManager">
        <property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource"></property>
    </bean>

    <!-- 开启注解事务管理 -->
    <tx:annotation-driven transaction-manager="transactionManager"/>
</beans>

config.properties：

driver=com.mysql.cj.jdbc.Driver
url=jdbc:mysql://127.0.0.1:3306/数据库名?serverTimezone=Asia/Shanghai
uname=账号 //不能写成username，可能会调用系统上的username，结果报错
pwd=密码

8.集成mybatis

将数据库db.xml添加到spring-mybatis.xml中，spring-mybatis.xml添加到spring.xml进行全局扫描

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
       xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
       xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop"
       xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
       xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop.xsd">
    <!-- 导入数据库连接，以及事务管理配置        -->
    <import resource="classpath:db.xml"></import>

    <bean id="sqlSessionFactory" class="org.mybatis.spring.SqlSessionFactoryBean">
   <!-- 注入数据源-->
        <property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource"></property>
  <!-- 配置mybatis配置文件       -->
        <property name="configLocation" value="classpath:mybatis-config.xml"></property>
   <!--扫描SQl映射文件        -->
        <property name="mapperLocations" value="classpath:mappers/*Mappers.xml">
        </property>
    </bean>
<!--让spring框架生成接口代理对象-->
    <bean id="mapperFactory"
          class="org.mybatis.spring.mapper.MapperScannerConfigurer">
        <property name="basePackage" value="com.ffyc.ssm.dao"></property>
        <property name="sqlSessionFactoryBeanName" value="sqlSessionFactory">
        </property>
    </bean>

</beans>

9.导入 SpringWeb Jar包

<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-webmvc</artifactId>
<version>5.2.2.RELEASE</version>
</dependency>

10.在 web.xml 文件中配置 DispatcherServlet

<!--    配置DispatcherService(请求分发servlet)-->
    <servlet>
        <servlet-name>application</servlet-name>
        <servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class>
<!-- 配置读取spring配置文件-->
        <init-param>
            <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
            <param-value>classpath:spring.xml</param-value>
        </init-param>
<!--   控制servlet创建，初始化的时间，-1第一次访问时创建，>=0是服务器启动时创建     -->
        <load-on-startup>0</load-on-startup>
    </servlet>
    <!-- 请求映射 配置映射地址-->
    <servlet-mapping>
        <servlet-name>application</servlet-name>
        <url-pattern>/</url-pattern>
    </servlet-mapping>

11.开启 SpringMVC 注解

新建一个xml文件，在spring.xml统一进行解析

<!--    配置开启使用springweb中的注解-->

    <mvc:annotation-driven></mvc:annotation-driven>

12.配置过滤器

<filter>
<filter-name>characterEncodingFilter</filter-name>
<filter-class>org.springframework.web.filter.CharacterEncodingFilter</filter-class>
<init-param>
<param-name>encoding</param-name>
<param-value>UTF-8</param-value>
</init-param>
</filter>
<filter-mapping>
<filter-name>characterEncodingFilter</filter-name>
<url-pattern>/*</url-pattern>
</filter-mapping>

13.添加 gson jar 包（json数据）

<dependency>
<groupId>com.google.code.gson</groupId>
<artifactId>gson</artifactId>
<version>2.8.6</version>
</dependency>

14.配置关于jackson Jar包

<dependency>
            <groupId>com.fasterxml.jackson.core</groupId>
            <artifactId>jackson-databind</artifactId>
            <version>2.13.3</version>
        </dependency>

15.添加过滤器 Jar包

<dependency>
<groupId>com.thetransactioncompany</groupId>
<artifactId>cors-filter</artifactId>
<version>2.5</version>
</dependency>

16.在 web.xml 中配置过滤器

<filter>
<filter-name>CORS</filter-name>
<filter-class>com.thetransactioncompany.cors.CORSFilter</filter-class>
</filter>
<filter-mapping>
<filter-name>CORS</filter-name>
<url-pattern>/*</url-pattern>
</filter-mapping>

17.注册拦截器

<mvc:interceptors>
<mvc:interceptor>
<mvc:mapping path="/**"/>
<mvc:exclude-mapping path="/statics/**"/>
<mvc:exclude-mapping path="/loginCtl/checklogin"/>
<bean id="demo" class="com.ff.springMVC.util.DemoInterceptor"></bean>
</mvc:interceptor>
</mvc:interceptors>

18.添加拦截器所需要的Jar包

<dependency>
<groupId>commons-fileupload</groupId>
<artifactId>commons-fileupload</artifactId>
<version>1.3.3</version>
</dependency>

19.添加拦截器文件解析器

文件解析器
<bean id="multipartResolver"
class="org.springframework.web.multipart.commons.CommonsMultipartResolver">
<property name="defaultEncoding" value="utf-8"></property>
<property name="maxUploadSize" value="10485760"></property>
</bean>