SpringMVC框架搭建

于 2019-01-03 11:38:29 发布
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分类专栏： SpringMVC 文章标签： SpringMVC
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本文链接：https://blog.youkuaiyun.com/derlinchen/article/details/85684778
本文详细介绍如何在Eclipse中创建SpringMVC项目，包括配置pom.xml、web.xml，处理项目依赖，设置编码，配置Spring框架，以及上传组件、JSON处理等。并通过一个示例控制器测试项目是否搭建成功。

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创建SpringMVC项目

  1. 打开eclipse，点击 File->New->Maven Project，弹出maven项目创建对话框

  2. 在对话框点击next

  3. 选择maven-archetype-webapp，点击next

  4. 输入Group ID， Artifact ID，点击next

  5. 右击项目->Maven->Update Project-OK，对项目生成项目结构

  6. 双击项目下的pom.xml，将pom.xml内容改为如下：

     <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
 <project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
   xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
   <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
 
   <groupId>com.elastic</groupId>
   <artifactId>search</artifactId>
   <version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
   <packaging>war</packaging>
 
   <name>elastic Maven Webapp</name>
   <!-- FIXME change it to the project's website -->
   <url>http://www.example.com</url>
 
   <properties>
     <!-- spring版本号 -->
     <spring.version>5.1.0.RELEASE</spring.version>
     <!-- log4j日志文件管理包版本 -->
     <slf4j.version>1.7.7</slf4j.version>
     <log4j.version>1.2.17</log4j.version>
   </properties>
 
   <dependencies>
     <dependency>
       <groupId>junit</groupId>
       <artifactId>junit</artifactId>
       <version>4.11</version>
       <scope>test</scope>
     </dependency>
     
      <!-- java ee包 -->
     <dependency>
       <groupId>javax</groupId>
       <artifactId>javaee-api</artifactId>
       <version>7.0</version>
     </dependency>
     
     <!-- spring框架包 start -->
     <dependency>
       <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
       <artifactId>spring-test</artifactId>
       <version>${spring.version}</version>
     </dependency>
     <dependency>
       <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
       <artifactId>spring-core</artifactId>
       <version>${spring.version}</version>
     </dependency>
     <dependency>
       <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
       <artifactId>spring-oxm</artifactId>
       <version>${spring.version}</version>
     </dependency>
     <dependency>
       <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
       <artifactId>spring-tx</artifactId>
       <version>${spring.version}</version>
     </dependency>
     <dependency>
       <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
       <artifactId>spring-jdbc</artifactId>
       <version>${spring.version}</version>
     </dependency>
     <dependency>
       <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
       <artifactId>spring-aop</artifactId>
       <version>${spring.version}</version>
     </dependency>
     <dependency>
       <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
       <artifactId>spring-context</artifactId>
       <version>${spring.version}</version>
     </dependency>
     <dependency>
       <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
       <artifactId>spring-context-support</artifactId>
       <version>${spring.version}</version>
     </dependency>
     <dependency>
       <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
       <artifactId>spring-expression</artifactId>
       <version>${spring.version}</version>
     </dependency>
     <dependency>
       <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
       <artifactId>spring-orm</artifactId>
       <version>${spring.version}</version>
     </dependency>
     <dependency>
       <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
       <artifactId>spring-web</artifactId>
       <version>${spring.version}</version>
     </dependency>
     <dependency>
       <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
       <artifactId>spring-webmvc</artifactId>
       <version>${spring.version}</version>
     </dependency>
     <!-- spring框架包 end -->
     
     <!-- log start -->
     <dependency>
       <groupId>log4j</groupId>
       <artifactId>log4j</artifactId>
       <version>${log4j.version}</version>
     </dependency>
     <dependency>
       <groupId>org.slf4j</groupId>
       <artifactId>slf4j-api</artifactId>
       <version>${slf4j.version}</version>
     </dependency>
     <dependency>
       <groupId>org.slf4j</groupId>
       <artifactId>slf4j-log4j12</artifactId>
       <version>${slf4j.version}</version>
     </dependency>
     <!-- log END -->
     
      <!-- 上传组件包 start -->
     <dependency>
       <groupId>commons-fileupload</groupId>
       <artifactId>commons-fileupload</artifactId>
       <version>1.3.1</version>
     </dependency>
     <dependency>
       <groupId>commons-io</groupId>
       <artifactId>commons-io</artifactId>
       <version>2.4</version>
     </dependency>
     <dependency>
       <groupId>commons-codec</groupId>
       <artifactId>commons-codec</artifactId>
       <version>1.10</version>
     </dependency>
     <!-- 上传组件包 end -->
     
     <!-- Json -->
     <!-- 格式化对象，方便输出日志 -->
     <dependency>
       <groupId>com.alibaba</groupId>
       <artifactId>fastjson</artifactId>
       <version>1.2.6</version>
     </dependency>
     <dependency>
       <groupId>org.codehaus.jackson</groupId>
       <artifactId>jackson-mapper-asl</artifactId>
       <version>1.9.13</version>
     </dependency>
     
    	<dependency>
       <groupId>com.fasterxml.jackson.core</groupId>
    	  <artifactId>jackson-databind</artifactId>
       <version>2.9.6</version>
 	</dependency>
   </dependencies>
 
   <build>
     <finalName>search</finalName>
     <!-- 处理maven update project时，override报错的问题 -->
     <plugins>
       <plugin>
         <groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
         <artifactId>maven-compiler-plugin</artifactId>
         <configuration>
           <source>1.8</source>
           <target>1.8</target>
         </configuration>
       </plugin>
     </plugins>
   </build>
 </project>

  7. 配置web.xml，将web.xml内容改为如下

     <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>    
 <web-app xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"    
     xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee"    
     xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_3_0.xsd"    
     version="3.0">    
     <display-name>Archetype Created Web Application</display-name>    
         
     <welcome-file-list>    
         <welcome-file>/index.html</welcome-file>    
     </welcome-file-list>    
         
     <!-- 加载spring bean -->    
     <context-param>    
          <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>    
         <param-value>classpath:applicationContext.xml</param-value>    
     </context-param>    
     <listener>    
         <listener-class>org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoaderListener</listener-class>    
     </listener>    
         
     <!-- 编码过滤器 -->    
     <filter>    
         <filter-name>encodingFilter</filter-name>    
         <filter-class>org.springframework.web.filter.CharacterEncodingFilter</filter-class>    
         <async-supported>true</async-supported>    
         <init-param>    
             <param-name>encoding</param-name>    
             <param-value>UTF-8</param-value>    
         </init-param> 
         <init-param>    
             <param-name>forceEncoding</param-name>    
             <param-value>true</param-value>    
         </init-param>    
     </filter>    
     <filter-mapping>    
         <filter-name>encodingFilter</filter-name>    
         <url-pattern>/*</url-pattern>    
     </filter-mapping>    
         
     <!-- Spring MVC servlet -->    
     <servlet>    
         <servlet-name>SpringMVC</servlet-name>    
         <servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class>    
         <init-param>    
             <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>    
             <param-value>classpath:spring-mvc.xml</param-value>    
         </init-param>    
         <load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup>    
         <async-supported>true</async-supported>    
     </servlet>    
     <servlet-mapping>    
         <servlet-name>SpringMVC</servlet-name>    
         <url-pattern>*.do</url-pattern>    
     </servlet-mapping>    
         
 </web-app>

  8. 处理项目报错，右击项目->Properties->Java Build Path，在Source下添加项目的Resource文件夹，点击Add Folder，如下图所示

    在search文件夹下，点击Create New Folder

    在对话框输入/src/main/resources，点击Finish

    点击OK完成文件夹创建

  9. 修改JRE，选择Libraries，选择JRE System Library，点击Edit

  10. 将JRE修改为系统默认JRE:

  11. 修改Dynamic Web Module版本，在项目是.settings文件夹下，双击org.eclipse.wst.common.project.facet.core.xml，将jst.web的version改为3.0

  12. 在resource下创建applicationContext.xml，文件内容如下：

    <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
	xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:p="http://www.springframework.org/schema/p"
	xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
	xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc"
	xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans      
                        http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-4.0.xsd      
                        http://www.springframework.org/schema/context      
                        http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-4.0.xsd      
                        http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc      
                        http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc-4.0.xsd">

	<!-- 使用注解式注入 -->
	<context:annotation-config />
	<!-- 自动扫描 -->
	<context:component-scan base-package="com.elastic" />
  
</beans>

  13. 在resource下创建spring-mvc.xml，内容如下：

    <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
  xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:p="http://www.springframework.org/schema/p"
  xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
  xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc"
  xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans      
                        http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-4.0.xsd      
                        http://www.springframework.org/schema/context      
                        http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-4.0.xsd      
                        http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc      
                        http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc-4.0.xsd">

  <!--避免IE执行AJAX时，返回JSON出现下载文件 -->
  <bean id="mappingJacksonHttpMessageConverter"
    class="org.springframework.http.converter.json.MappingJackson2HttpMessageConverter">
    <property name="supportedMediaTypes">
      <list>
        <value>text/html;charset=UTF-8</value>
      </list>
    </property>
  </bean>

  <!-- 添加注解驱动 -->
  <mvc:annotation-driven />
  <mvc:default-servlet-handler />

  <!-- 设置使用注解的类所在的包 -->
  <context:component-scan base-package="com.elastic.controller" />
  
  <!-- 完成请求和注解POJO的映射 -->
  <bean
    class="org.springframework.web.servlet.mvc.method.annotation.RequestMappingHandlerAdapter">
    <property name="messageConverters">
      <list>
        <ref bean="mappingJacksonHttpMessageConverter" /> <!-- JSON转换器 -->
      </list>
    </property>
  </bean>

  <!-- 定义跳转的文件的前后缀 ，视图模式配置 -->
  <bean
    class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver">
    <!-- 这里的配置我的理解是自动给后面action的方法return的字符串加上前缀和后缀，变成一个 可用的url地址 -->
    <property name="prefix" value="/WEB-INF/jsp/" />
    <property name="suffix" value=".jsp" />
  </bean>

  <!-- SpringMVC上传文件时，需要配置MultipartResolver处理器 -->
  <bean id="multipartResolver"
    class="org.springframework.web.multipart.commons.CommonsMultipartResolver">
    <!-- 默认编码 -->
    <property name="defaultEncoding" value="utf-8" />
    <!-- 文件大小最大值 -->
    <property name="maxUploadSize" value="10485760000" />
    <!-- 内存中的最大值 -->
    <property name="maxInMemorySize" value="40960" />
  </bean>

</beans>

  14. 在src/main/java创建包，然后对项目右击->Maven->Update Project

  15. 对SpringMVC进行测试，在controller层创建类，具体代码如下：

    package com.elastic.controller;

import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;

@Controller
@RequestMapping("/es")
public class EsController {
	
	@RequestMapping("/elastic")
	public void elastic(){
		System.out.println("elastic");
	}
	
}

  16. 配置Tomcat，选择Window->Preferences->Server->Runtime Environments->Add，选择Tomcat路径和JRE

  17. 将项目添加到Tomcat，点击如下图处

    选择tomcat

    将项目添加到Tomcat

  18. 启动Tomcat，通过浏览器访问http://localhost:8080/search/es/elastic.do，控制台打印 elastic 则表示SpringMVC搭建成功

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