格式化列表工具column和sort使用一则

最新推荐文章于 2024-10-26 00:20:21 发布

delphiwcdj

最新推荐文章于 2024-10-26 00:20:21 发布

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分类专栏： GNU/Linux Bash 文章标签：工具 file command

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本文演示如何利用shell命令`column`和`sort`处理文本文件中的数据，包括分列显示、排序等操作，以实现更清晰的展示效果。

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2012-10-20 wcdj

在对表格形式的输出数据进行处理时，column和sort工具大多可以派上用场。

看一个例子：

#/bin/sh
# 2012-10-20 wcdj

file=test.txt

cat << gerry_here_doc
=================================
usage:
# m: the number of fields from one
cat file | sort +(m-1) -m +(m-1) -m
# useful for pretty-printing displays
# -s option is specifing a set of characters to be used to delimit columns for the -t option
cat file | column -t
=================================
gerry_here_doc


text="
4  20121001-20121018  14523670   
1    20121001-20121018    637368     
3   20121001-20121018  308371     
2         20121001-20121018         14832041   
5  20121001-20121018   1.5469409E7
1  20121001-20121017  615608     
3         20121001-20121017      305929     
5  20121001-20121017  1.5271584E7
4     20121001-20121017   14350047   
2  20121001-20121017      14655976   
"
echo "$text" > "$file"

echo ""
echo "export file named test.txt to current dir."
echo "the contents of test.txt are: "
cat "$file"

echo "you could find that this file showing looks some confused !"
echo "so, use column command to display it prettily"
echo ""
cat "$file" | column -t
echo ""

echo "then, I wanna sort this file by the second field firstly and the second field next, like this: "
echo ""
cat "$file" | column -t | sort +1 -2 +0 -1
echo ""

echo "test is over"

输出内容如下：

=================================
usage:
# m: the number of fields from one
cat file | sort +(m-1) -m +(m-1) -m
# useful for pretty-printing displays
# -s option is specifing a set of characters to be used to delimit columns for the -t option
cat file | column -t
=================================

export file named test.txt to current dir.
the contents of test.txt are: 

4  20121001-20121018  14523670   
1    20121001-20121018    637368     
3   20121001-20121018  308371     
2         20121001-20121018         14832041   
5  20121001-20121018   1.5469409E7
1  20121001-20121017  615608     
3         20121001-20121017      305929     
5  20121001-20121017  1.5271584E7
4     20121001-20121017   14350047   
2  20121001-20121017      14655976   

you could find that this file showing looks some confused !
so, use column command to display it prettily

4  20121001-20121018  14523670
1  20121001-20121018  637368
3  20121001-20121018  308371
2  20121001-20121018  14832041
5  20121001-20121018  1.5469409E7
1  20121001-20121017  615608
3  20121001-20121017  305929
5  20121001-20121017  1.5271584E7
4  20121001-20121017  14350047
2  20121001-20121017  14655976

then, I wanna sort this file by the second field firstly and the second field next, like this: 

1  20121001-20121017  615608
2  20121001-20121017  14655976
3  20121001-20121017  305929
4  20121001-20121017  14350047
5  20121001-20121017  1.5271584E7
1  20121001-20121018  637368
2  20121001-20121018  14832041
3  20121001-20121018  308371
4  20121001-20121018  14523670
5  20121001-20121018  1.5469409E7

test is over

参考：

[1] column http://linux.about.com/library/cmd/blcmdl1_column.htm

[2] sort http://linux.about.com/library/cmd/blcmdl1_sort.htm